Zigbee based metal detecting robot to assist bomb detection and rescue team
- 2. These project main aim is to prepare zigbee based remote metal detecting robot to assist bomb detection and rescue team
- 3. Introduction Abstract Block Diagram Microcontroller (Lpc 2148) Arm 7 Zig Bee Technolog Hardware Components Software Tools Advantages Applications Future Scope
- 4. In the present day scenario we are facing many threats by bomb blasts We have existing methods like human survillance for bomb detection so our project aim is to prepare a unmanned vehicle which detects metal as bombs are usually made of metal.
- 5. The Aim of the project is to prepare a unmanned vehicle which will detect the bomb. It will not only detect the bomb but also position of bomb by using gps module and the position of bomb will intimated to the system through gsm module .
- 6. POWER SUPPLY MICRO CONTROLLER LCD BUZZER MOTOR DRIVER PROXIMITY SENSOR MOTOR ZIGBEE RX GPS PC ZIGBEE TX LPC2148
- 7. 16-bit/32-bit ARM7TDMI-S microcontroller in a tiny LQFP64 package. 8 kB to 40 kB of on-chip static RAM and 32 kB to 512 kB of on-chip flash memory. 128-bit wide interface/accelerator enables high-speed 60 MHz operation. In-System Programming/In-Application Programming (ISP/IAP) via on-chip boot loader software. Single flash sector or full chip erase in 400 ms and programming of 256 bytes in 1 ms. Embedded ICE RT and Embedded Trace interfaces offer real-time debugging with the on-chip Real Monitor software and high-speed tracing of instruction execution. USB 2.0 Full-speed compliant device controller with 2 kB of endpoint RAM. In addition, the LPC2146/48 provides 8 kB of on-chip RAM accessible to USB by DMA.
- 8. Two 32-bit timers/external event counters (with four capture and four compare channels each), PWM unit (six outputs) and watchdog. Low power Real-Time Clock (RTC) with independent power and 32 kHz clock input. Multiple serial interfaces including two UARTs (16C550), two Fast I2C-bus (400 kbit/s),Vectored Interrupt Controller (VIC) with configurable priorities and vector addresses. Up to 45 of 5 V tolerant fast general purpose I/O pins in a tiny LQFP64 package, Up to 21 external interrupt pins available. 60 MHz maximum CPU clock available from programmable on-chip PLL with settling time of 100 μs. On-chip integrated oscillator operates with an external crystal 1 MHz to 25 MHz Power saving modes include Idle and Power-down.
- 10. 32/16-bit RISC architecture (ARM v4T) It is a family of general purpose 32 bit microprocessor Two Instruction Sets: 32-bit ARM instruction set for maximum performance and flexibility 16-bit Thumb instruction set for increased code density Unified bus interface, 32-bit data bus carries both instructions and data Von Neumann Load/Store Architecture Three-stage pipeline– Fetch, Decode and Execute Stage 32-bit ALU Very small die size and low power consumption Extensive debug facilities (EmbeddedICE debug unit accessible via JTAG interface unit)
- 11. Extensive Range of Third-party Application Development Tools High performance with low power cnsumption 8-, 16-, and 32-bit Data Types Arm7TDMI has total of 37 registers 31 general purpose 32 bit registers 6 status registers Arm 7TDMI has four memory cycles Idle, sequentional, non sequentional, coprocessor register transfer cycle Arm7 has 7 modes of operation: FIQ,IRQ,supervisor,abort,system,undefined,user
- 12. ARM7TDMI program staus register: The bottom eight bits of a PSR are known collectively as the control bits. They are the: •interrupt disable bits .N,Z,C,V are condition code flags •T bit •mode bits. The control bits change when an exception occurs. When the processor is operating in a privileged mode, software can manipulate these bits. Interrupt disable bits The I and F bits are the interrupt disable bits: •when the I bit is set, IRQ interrupts are disabled •when the F bit is set, FIQ interrupts are disabled. T bit The T bit reflects the operating state: •when the T bit is set, the processor is executing in Thumb state •when the T bit is clear, the processor executing in ARM state.
- 13. Zig Bee Technology: Features: Works under the IEEE 802.15.4 / ZigBee standard with 2.4GHz and 868/915 MHz dual PHY modes. Standards-based wireless technology Interoperability and worldwide usability needed for only two major modes (Tx/Rx or Sleep), Low data-rates ,low cost, Ultra low power consumption Channel access using Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA - CA) Addressing space of up to 64 bit IEEE address devices, 65,535 networks
- 14. Fully reliable “hand-shaked” data transfer protocol Different topologies as illustrated below: star, peer-to-peer, mesh Maximum data rates allowed for each of these frequency bands are fixed as 250 kbps @2.4 GHz, 40 kbps @ 915 MHz, and 20 kbps @868 MHz 50m typical range Bandwidth is low compare to bluetooth and wifi The Transceiver operates in five modes .They are 1. Idle Mode2. Receive mode 3. Transmit Mode 4. Sleep Mode 5. Command Mode Simple design Security Reliability
- 15. Pin Diagram Of Zigbee: Parameters Operating frequency : 2.4GHz Operating voltage : 3.3V Transmitted power : 1mw Range : 30m(urban area), 200m (LOS) Data rate : 250Kbps Operating temperature range : -40oC to +80oC Receiver sensitivity : -104dbm Frequency range : 2.4 – 2.4875 GHz.
- 16. Power supply Max 232 Lc293 motor driver IC Inductive proximity sensor PIR sensor
- 17. Power supply : Power supply unit from where we get power supply to our unit and also we convert ac to required dc voltage as per requirements.Incase if we don’t use ac power supply we use 12v battery as input.
- 18. The max 232 is an IC that converts signals from an RS- 232 serial port to signal suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic circuit.
- 19. L293d motordriver IC: The L293 is an integrated circuit motor driver that can be used for simultaneous, bi-directional control dc motors. L293D a dual H‐Bridge motordriver, DC motors which can be controlled in both clockwise and counter clockwise direction . You can make use of all the four I/Os to connect up to four DC motors.L293D has output current of 600mA and peak output current of 1.2A per channel. Moreover for protection of circuit from back EMF output diodes are included
- 20. Inductive proximity sensor: An inductive proximity sensor is a type of non-contact that is used to detect the positioelectronic proximity sensor n of metal objects. Inductive proximity sensors enable the detection, without contact, of metal objects at distances of up to 60 mm. High operating rates. Fast response. Excellent resistance to industrial environments Solid state technology : no moving parts, therefore service life of sensor independent of the number of operating cycles.
- 21. Working Of Sensor: Inductive proximity sensors are solely for the detection of metal objects. They basically comprise an oscillator whose windings constitute the sensing face. An alternating magnetic field is generated in front of these windings. When a metal object is placed within the magnetic field generated by the sensor, the resulting currents induced form an additional load and the oscillation causes
- 22. Passive infrared sensor(PIR): A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic sensor that measures infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. PIRs are basically made of a pyroelectric sensor . PIR sensor can detect levels of infrared radiation.
- 25. Keil u-Vision Embedded ‘C’ Hyper terminal or flash magic Express PCB
- 26. Mines detection. Surveillance appliances. Bomb Detection.
- 27. It is most advanced technology It is of low cost By using this technology we can detect the bomb as early as possible and dismannual it easily so that we can easily save the life of the human beings. we can use better sensors and high end modules to detect metals more precisely.