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Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
-Fuel for future?
Overview

    Energy challenge

   Why hydrogen and fuel cells

   Hydrogen Challenge

   Research and Development

   Conclusion
Energy Challenge in
transportation                    • Average
                                                     Energy
                                    energy
                      Demand        demand           Crisis
                                    growth rate is
                                    1.8 % p.a.

                                  • 26 billions      Temperature
   Fossil             Pollution     tons of CO2      rise and climate
   Fuels                            yearly           change



                                   • Non-
                                     renewable
                       Security                       High fuel
                                   • Limited          price
                                     sources
Eslppt subhadeep de
Why Hydrogen and Fuel
Cell?
Hydrogen Challenge

                                      Infrastructure

                            Storage


              Electricity
              generation


     Source
Hydrogen Challenge                                                   Compressed
                                                                       H2 at 100
                                                                      times NTP
                                                     Enough
                                                     Capacity



                                             Cheap              Liquid H2 at
                             H2 to                              -253 degree
                          electricity                                C


                                        Robust,
                                         durable
                                           yet
                                        powerful

                                                         Fuel Tank                 Chicken       H2
    Carbon                                                                           Egg     refueling
      free      Cost                                                               problem    stations
  renewable   Effective
    sources
                                 Fuel Cell




       Source                                                                      Infrastructure
Research and Development

  Hope!
Fuel Cell

                                                                   Present

                           GM: predict to reduce use of 80 g Pt
                           to ~30 g (current price of about 60 $
         Past Drawback     per g)


                         Toyota:
      Cold Weather:      Highlander                DOE: costs per kw of
      Cell shut down,    SUV -start up at          H2 power dropped
      water vapor        -37 degree C              by nearly 75 %
      freezing                                     between 2002 and
                                                   2008
On Board Storage

                                                                           Present

                                   Hold enough fuel for the average fuel
                                   cell car to travel 320 km
             Past Drawback



                               Modern light
  Gaseous H2 : Getting
                               weight carbon-             By 2015, DOE
  enough on board would
                               fiber tanks, store         hopes to
  require ridiculously large
                               H2 at 680 atmp             achieve 480 km
  tank
Production


                                                                 Plus

          Cheapest
        Source: steam
        and natural gas
                                                  $4–5.3 /kg, compared
                          Can be produced :       with $1.7/kg for H2
                          renewable (hydro,       from natural gas but
         CO2
                          wind, solar, biomass,   expand the use of
         emission
                          geothermal)             renewable energy :
                                                  growth potential is
                                                  enormous
Adoption



        Customer base, increase
       production and bring down       NAIGT ‘s a road map to fuel
                 costs                        cell vehicles




                      The NRC panel estimated that
                       the U.S. federal government
                       would need to spend about
                      $10 billion between 2008 and
                         2023 to develop a self-
                        sustaining hydrogen-fuel
                               infrastructure
Conclusion



 Central role in addressing growing concerns over carbon emissions and
 climate change as well as future availability and security of energy supply



 Capability to produce green revolution



 Require scientific breakthroughs and significant technological
 developments coupled with continued social and political commitment
Thank You


Questions?

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Eslppt subhadeep de

  • 1. Hydrogen and Fuel Cells -Fuel for future?
  • 2. Overview  Energy challenge Why hydrogen and fuel cells Hydrogen Challenge Research and Development Conclusion
  • 3. Energy Challenge in transportation • Average Energy energy Demand demand Crisis growth rate is 1.8 % p.a. • 26 billions Temperature Fossil Pollution tons of CO2 rise and climate Fuels yearly change • Non- renewable Security High fuel • Limited price sources
  • 5. Why Hydrogen and Fuel Cell?
  • 6. Hydrogen Challenge Infrastructure Storage Electricity generation Source
  • 7. Hydrogen Challenge Compressed H2 at 100 times NTP Enough Capacity Cheap Liquid H2 at H2 to -253 degree electricity C Robust, durable yet powerful Fuel Tank Chicken H2 Carbon Egg refueling free Cost problem stations renewable Effective sources Fuel Cell Source Infrastructure
  • 9. Fuel Cell Present GM: predict to reduce use of 80 g Pt to ~30 g (current price of about 60 $ Past Drawback per g) Toyota: Cold Weather: Highlander DOE: costs per kw of Cell shut down, SUV -start up at H2 power dropped water vapor -37 degree C by nearly 75 % freezing between 2002 and 2008
  • 10. On Board Storage Present Hold enough fuel for the average fuel cell car to travel 320 km Past Drawback Modern light Gaseous H2 : Getting weight carbon- By 2015, DOE enough on board would fiber tanks, store hopes to require ridiculously large H2 at 680 atmp achieve 480 km tank
  • 11. Production Plus Cheapest Source: steam and natural gas $4–5.3 /kg, compared Can be produced : with $1.7/kg for H2 renewable (hydro, from natural gas but CO2 wind, solar, biomass, expand the use of emission geothermal) renewable energy : growth potential is enormous
  • 12. Adoption Customer base, increase production and bring down NAIGT ‘s a road map to fuel costs cell vehicles The NRC panel estimated that the U.S. federal government would need to spend about $10 billion between 2008 and 2023 to develop a self- sustaining hydrogen-fuel infrastructure
  • 13. Conclusion Central role in addressing growing concerns over carbon emissions and climate change as well as future availability and security of energy supply Capability to produce green revolution Require scientific breakthroughs and significant technological developments coupled with continued social and political commitment

Editor's Notes

  • #2: Animated radial list with picture(Intermediate)To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then clickBlank. On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt. In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click Relationship. In the Relationship pane, click Radial List, and then click OK to insert the graphic into the slide.To enter text, select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, in the top level bullets, enter the text for the three, smaller circle shapes in the graphic. In the second-level bullets, type the text for the bullets to the right of the three, smaller circle shapes.On the slide, select the SmartArt, and then on the Design tab, in the Themes group, click Colors, and under Built-In, select Technic.Press and hold CTRL, and on the slide, select the large circle and all three small circles.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow to the right of ShapeEffects, point to Preset, and under Presets and select Preset2 (first row, the second option from the left).On the slide, click on the picture icon in the center of the large circle. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert. (Notes: (1) If the picture in the large circle is distorted, tile the picture as a texture by selecting the large, picture-filled circle, and then on the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, and in the Fill pane check Tilepicture as texture. (2) If necessary, change the tile position of the picture within the shape. To do this, in the FormatShape dialog box, in the Fill pane, under Tiling options, enter values into the OffsetX and OffsetY boxes to reposition the focal point of the picture. To resize the picture, in the FormatShape dialog box, in the Fill pane, under Tiling options, enter values into the Scale X and Scale Y boxes.)Select the top, small circle in the SmartArt graphic. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, and in the Fill pane click Solidfill, and then in the Color list select Gray-25%, Background 2, Darker 75% (fifth row, the third option from the left).Select the middle small circle in the SmartArt graphic.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, and in the Fill pane click Solidfill, and then in the Color list select Gold, Accent 2 (first row, the sixth option from the left).Select the bottom small circle in the SmartArt graphic. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, and in the Fill pane click Solidfill, and then in the Color list select Lavender, Accent 3 (first row, the seventh option from the left).Press and hold CTRL, and select all three lines connecting the large circle to the three smaller circles. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, do the following:Click LineColor in the left pane, and in the LineColor pane click Solidline.Also in the LineColor pane, in the Color list select White, Background 1, Darker 25% (fourth row, first option from the left).Click LineStyle in the left pane, and in the LineStyle pane, in the Width box enter 2.5 pt.Also in the LineStyle pane, in the Dashtype list select RoundDot (second option from the top).Press and hold CTRL, and select all three text boxes in the SmartArt graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, in the FontSize box enter 22 pt.To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:Select the SmartArt graphic on the slide. On the Animations tab, in the AdvancedAnimation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Fade.Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following:In the Start list, select With Previous.In the Duration box, enter 1.00 seconds.Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click One by One.Also on the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Animation Pane. In the Animation Pane, click the double arrow to expand the contents of the list.In the Animation Pane, select the first effect in the list (fade entrance effect). On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click More, and then under Entrance click Grow & Turn. In the Animation Pane, select the second effect in the list (fade entrance effect). On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click More, and then under Entrance click Wipe. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following:In theStart list, select AfterPrevious.In the Speed list, select 0.50 seconds.Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Left.In the Animation Pane, select the third effect in the list (fade entrance effect). On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click More, and then under Entrance click Zoom. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Duration box, enter 1.00 second.In the Animation Pane, select the fourth effect in the list (fade entrance effect). On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Start list, select WithPrevious.Press and hold CTRL, and in the Animation Pane, select the fifth and eighth effects in the list (fade entrance effects). On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click More, and then under Entrance click Wipe. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Duration box, enter 0.50 seconds.Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Left.Press and hold CTRL, and in the Animation Pane, select the sixth and ninth effects in the list (fade entrance effects). On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click More, and then under Entrance click Zoom. Also on the Animation tab, in the Timing group, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Duration list, select 0.50 seconds.Press and hold CTRL, and in the Animation Pane, select the seventh and tenth effects in the list (fade entrance effects). On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Start list select AfterPrevious.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear in the slider.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:In the Position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors select White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors select White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).