strut2

Introduction to Struts 2.0
Jenny Ni
Joey Feng
Winddays Wang
Hewmmi Zhu
Heather Lv

1
Software School ,Fudan University

Contents
1. What is Struts?
2. Why to use framework?
3. Struts 2.0 Overview
4. Struts 2.0 MVC components
5. Request Lifecycle in Struts 2
6. Struts 2.0 Architecture
7. Sample Application
8. Why we should use Struts 2.0?
9. Struts 1.x vs Struts 2.0
10. What you need to start using Struts2.0

Software School ,Fudan University 2

What is Struts?
 Open Source java framework for
creating web applications.
 Action Based Framework
 Create web application using MVC 2
architecture
 Apache Struts offer two major version
Struts 1.x
Struts 2.0
 Struts 2 = WebWork + Struts


Why use framework?
 Do we need framework?
 No and Yes.
 No.
 In small applications where you don’t want
the overhead of learning new things.
 But
 Yes
 We have to use framework in real world
application because:-
 Automation of common tasks
 Concentrate on higher level concerns.


Struts 2.0
 Complete new framework based on webwork framework.
 Struts 2.0 implements MVC 2 design pattern.


Struts 2.0 MVC Components
 Controller:-
 Filter Dispatcher:-
 First component that start processing that is why this type
of MVC is called front controller MVC
 Looks at the request and apply the appropriate action.
 Struts framework handles all of the controller work.
 Its configured in web.xml

 Interceptors:-
 Can execute code before and after an Action is
executed.
 They can be configured per action basis.
 Can be used for data validation, file upload, double
submit guards.


Struts 2.0 MVC Components contd.
 Model:-
 Implemented by action class
 For model you can use any data access
technologies like JDBC,EJB,Hibernate

 View
 Its your result part. It can be JSP,JSTL,JSF etc.
 Presentation part of the MVC


Request Lifecycle in Struts 2.0
1. User Sends Request
2. Filter Dispatcher determines the appropriate action
3. Interceptors are applied
4. Execution of action
5. Output Rendering
6. Return of Request
7. Display of result to user.


Struts 2.0 Architecture


Why we should use Struts
2.0?
1. Simplified Design
2. Simplified Action
3. Simplified Testability
4. Better tag features
5. Annotation introduced
6. Easy plug-in
7. AJAX Support


Struts 1.x vs Struts 2.0
 How Struts 1.x and Struts 2.0 differ from each
other?
› Configuration
› Action Class
› Dependency injection.
› Servlet Dependency
› Validation
› Threading model
› Testability
› Expression Language


Struts 1 Struts 2
Action ⇒ Action
ActionForm ⇒ Action or POJO’s
ActionForward ⇒ Result
struts-config.xml ⇒ struts.xml
ActionServlet ⇒ FilterDispatcher
RequestProcessor ⇒ Interceptors

What you need to start using
Struts 2.0?
1. Java 5.0
2. Tomcat 5.x(Servlet api 2.4 and jsp api
2.0)


Let’s see something real…


Struts 1
<html:errors/>
<html:form action="/SaveMeeting">
<table border="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<th align="right">
Name:
</th>
<td align="left">
<html:text property="name" size=”50” />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="right">
Date:

</th>
<td align="left">
<html:text property="date" size="50"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="right">
Invitees:
</th>
<td align="left">
<html:select property="invitees"
multiple="true">
<html:options collection="employees"
property="value"
labelProperty="label"/>
</html:select>

</tr>
<tr>
<th align="right">
Description:
</th>
<td align="left">
<html:textarea property="description"
rows="4" cols="50" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">
 
</td>

<td align="left">
<html:submit property="DO_SUBMIT">
Save
</html:submit>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</html:form>

 ...

 Only four pages!

Struts 2
<s:form action="Meeting" validate="true">
  <s:token />
  <s:textfield label=”Name”    name=“name” />
  <s:textfield label=”Date"      name="date"/>
  <s:select    label=”Invitees” name="invitees"
list="employees"/>
  <s:textarea label=”Description”
name="description"
                     rows="4" cols="50" />
  <s:submit value=”Save" method="save"/>
</s:form>

<s:textfield label="Name"
name="name" tooltip="Meeting name" />

<s:datepicker label="Date" name="date"/>

<s:optiontransferselect ... />

<jsp:include
page="/ajax/commonInclude.jsp"/>
...
<s:textarea theme="ajax" label="Description"
name="description" rows="4" cols="50" />

Brian Kernighan Law of
Debugging Difficulty

Debugging is twice as hard as writing the
code in the first place. Therefore, if you
write the code as cleverly as possible, you
are, by definition, not smart enough to
debug it.

Built-in Testing Support

public class MyActionTest
extends StrutsTestCase {

public void testExecute()
throws Exception {

assertTrue(true);
}
}

Tutorials, Guides, and
FAQs

Run Struts 1 Actions as
Is
<action name="editGangster"
class="org.apache.struts2.s1.Struts1Action">
<param name="className">
com.mycompany.gangstas.EditGangsterAction
</param>
<result>
gangsterForm.jsp
</result>
</action>

strut2

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