FACULTY.pptx POWER POINT.pptx
- 3. INTRODUCTION STATEMENT OF PROBLEM OBJECTIVES SIGNIFICANCE OF PROJECT SCOPE OF PROJECT LIMITATION OF PROJECT LITRATURE RIVIEW METHODOLOGY MATERIAL SELECTION DESIGN ANALYSIS RESULT AND DISCUSSION CONCLUSION AND RECCOMENDATION
- 4. Solar energy was radiant light and heat from the sun hardness using arange of ever envolving technologies such as a solar heating, solar thermal energy, solar architechture and artificial photosynthesis. The main uses of solar energy was used for water heating, heating, cooling, ventilation, cooking, water treatment, electricity power, transport,drying and agriculture and horticulture The solar dryer is a methods of using solar energy that come from the sun by absorbing and reflecting to drying materials and the materials lose their mosture and become dried and solar dryer is used in agriculture for food and crop drying for industrial drying process, dryer can be proved to be most useful device from energy conservation point of view
- 6. two types of solar dryers those are Direct solar dryer is expose the substance to be dehydrated to direct sun light, example food and clothing was dried in the sun by using lines. In this system the solar drying is assisted by the movement of the air that removes the more saturated air away from the items being dried. Indirect solar dryers the black surface heats incoming air rather than directly heating the substances to be dried. This heated air is then passed over the substance and exits upward, released from the substance within it
- 7. Among the application of solar thermal energy, solar drying was an important application in agricultural process. In Ethiopian the usual practice was an open air drying system for drying of fruits, vegetables and crops. This method of drying has many disadvantages like spoilage of product due to Adverse climate condition like rain, wind, moist and dust Loss of materials due to birds and animals, detritions of the material by decomposition insects and fungus growth. As a result the quality of the dried products can be degraded.
- 8. GENERAL OBJECTIVE The overall objective of this work is to design a cost effective solar crop dryer. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES The specific objectives of this project are: To determine the amount of energy requirement to reduce the moisture content of fruits and vegetables.
- 9. To design a flat plate air heater, these include determination of the solar energy absorbed by the flat plate air collector, energy loss from the collector, and the area of the collector. To design of the drying chamber.
- 10. They consume and used the food and vegetables for long period of time. They protect their food as well as vegetables from bacteria’s, insects and animals. It saves their time that waste on protecting food from animals and insects.
- 11. There is no enough raw materials to change in to products The work shop is not well organized
- 12. The scope of the project is limited on the design of solar crop drying system to dry crops, fruits and vegetables
- 13. 1) low cost solar dryer technologies to bhutanase organic produce An effort was made by SAMDRUP JONGKHAR IN 2012. It uses vegetables and fruits drying methods,it explained the help extend shelf life, access new market opportunities and fetch good prices. The aim of project is to contribute to equitable and balanced socio-economic development and poverty reduction putting in place of frame work So, It recommended that use glass in terms of plastics
- 15. 2) DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING OF SOLAR DRYER An effort was made by MECHANICAL ENGINEERING STUDENT OF CALIFORNIA UNIVERSITY The aim is to solve the problems of effective food preservation as lack of appropirate presevation and storage system caused cosiderable losses, thus reducing the food supply significantly, the main component they used are flat solar collector, drying chamber,insulation panel(main body) ventilation system.
- 16. use simple and low cost materials that are maintained in short periods of time.
- 17. 3) CONCENTRARED SOLAR DRYING OF MANGO AND TOMATO An effort was made by DIANE M.BARRETT,UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS This project is design’s and tests a batch concentrated solar power(csp) dryer for mangoes and tomatoes in simulated cloud environments. Concentrated solar power will be evaluated interms of drying efficiency cost and product quality
- 18. modify the drying machine for multi-purpose function
- 19. Our project is differing from above in giving multi porpose function as we went. We can use glass interms of plastics, we can reduces maintenance cost by selecting materials whch have high strength and high duration and easily gotten from our surroundings.
- 20. Both Primary and secondary data collection systems will be applied. Necessary Solar data were collected for the selected site from Ethiopia National Metrological Service Agency (NMSA) Assosa branch and NASA. Data concerning Relative humidity were collected from NASA. From different available books, journals, articles and Internet
- 22. DECLINATION ANGLE = 20.340 =20.340 ANGLE OF INCIDENCE =20.340
- 23. ZENITH ANGLE= 0 EXTRATERRESTRIAL INTENSITY= Iext = 1332.4W/m2 INTEGRATED DAILY EXTRATERRESTRIAL RADIATION Ho =38.1*10^6 J/m2
- 24. DAILY RADIATION ON HORIZONTAL SURFACE = H=24.77*10^6 HOURLY TOTAL RADIATION= I=928.875W/m2
- 25. DIFFUSED RADIATION: Id=232.2w/m2 BEAM RADIATION =Ib = 696.656W/m2 THE TOTAL RADIATION ON THE INCLINED COLLECTOR IT = 888.33W/M2 g = 0.261
- 26. CALCULATION OF THE ABSORBED SOLAR RADIATION 1)BEAM REFLECTED TRANSMITTANCE =0.804 GROUND REFLECTED TRANSMITTANCE = 0.261 DIFFUSED TRANSMITTANCE = 0.730
- 27. The total solar energy absorbed is given as S = 638.416W/m2 DESIGN OF SOLAR COLLECTOR Calculation of overall heat transfer coefficient, UL = 99.6kW/m2K Efficiency of collector is= 14.77%
- 28. First we select the temperature of 3 years, from those temperatures we can select the months which have smooth temperature variation that is march month, again from march we can select maximum continuous temperature variation that is day 22, after that we can calculate the solar intensity which means the solar ( sun)radiation that exist before reaching the earth. Under this we can calculate declination angle which means the angle of solar radiation used to reach the earth that is 20.34 degree after that we can calculate the angle of incidence that means the solar radiation moving on straight line with declination angle to reach surface which is 20.34 degree, zenith angle which mean the sky angle which make directly overhead got 0 degree,
- 29. extraterrestrial intensity means solar radiation outside of the earth atmosphere which gotten 1333.4w/m2, radiation on horizontal surface means solar radiation that has been reach on the horizontal surface under this, 232.2w/m2 was diffused. 696.659w/m2 was the radiation that reaches on beam surface. In the second we can find the total radiation that is reach on the collector, solar energy that absorbed by collector under this we can gain 0.804 is reflected by beam, 0.261 is reflected by ground and 0.730 is diffused,
- 30. so we can calculate the overall solar absorbed energy by collectors. At the end we can calculate the overall heat losses that occur in the solar collector which is 99.6w2/m2k. After that we can get the efficiency of the collector that means amount of solar energy used to release the moisture and dries the crops and crops which is 14.77%.
- 31. Generally solar crop dryer is the most cost effective energy and it must be adopted and practiced in Ethiopia. As the system uses the most renewable and sustainable energy of the sun no hurt of the pollutants execration which are the hazards of the global warming. The solar crop dryer is give multipurpose function that must be used as we wonted. In our project we have design solar crop dryer and their components. There are many types of solar collectors, but the most common type is flat plate collector with black paints and which is used to reflect the solar energy reached on it. The collector material used is cast iron which has high conductivity with relatively low cost, strength to weight ratio, ease of fabrication. Most of the time more amount of solar radiation strikes a south facing, so the panel is faced (installed) to south and tilted to about 13 degrees in accordance to the latitude of the place. From the experiment solar crop dryer is more efficient and used for long period of time and the operation is very simple and every person can operate it.
- 32. The recommendation is putted as below Change the design into production or manufacturing. To increase the efficiency of the collector use the material that has more conductivity. Use simple and easiest material that has gain from your surroundings.