Trigeminal neuralgia is a nerve syndrome that causes an acute, electric-shock-like pain in parts of the face. It is a chronic condition that causes dangerous, irregular, rapid burning or shock-like face pain that lasts for seconds to minutes. Trigeminal neuralgia can be triggered by routine activities like brushing teeth, chewing, or touching the face. The exact cause is unknown but may include pressure on the trigeminal nerve from blood vessels or tumors. Treatment options include medicines, surgery, and complementary approaches.