UBC Library LibQUAL results 2013

LibQUAL 2013
UBC Vancouver survey results

May 2013
UBC Library Assessment
LibQUAL Analysis Working Group

LibQUAL 2013

UBC Library, Vancouver campus

Contents
LibQUAL 2013................................................................................................................................................ 1
Contents ........................................................................................................................................................ 2
Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction................................................................................................................................................... 4
Overview of UBC Vancouver results .............................................................................................................. 5
Collections & Access ...................................................................................................................................... 8
People & Places ........................................................................................................................................... 12
Teaching & Learning ................................................................................................................................... 17
Conclusion and priorities ............................................................................................................................. 19
Appendix A: Related surveys and data sources........................................................................................... 20
Appendix B: Questions by desired service level and % of N/A responses ................................................... 22
Appendix C: Core questions by library branch and academic discipline ..................................................... 24

2

LibQUAL 2013


Executive Summary
In February and March 2013 UBC Library implemented the LibQUAL survey at the Vancouver campus to
measure faculty and student perceptions of library services. There were 918 valid responses, 40% of
which included written comments. A working group of library staff members reviewed the comments to
identify themes that provide context for overall survey results.
Survey respondents rated the quality of UBC Vancouver library services at 7.3 on a scale of 1 to 9, the
same as in 2010. Overall survey results focus the library’s attention on areas where a) perceived
performance is not aligned with user expectations, and b) user expectations are especially high or low.








Many survey comments suggest an awareness gap when it comes to library services. Some
users seem unaware of what the library offers and ask for resources that are already available.
Improving awareness could help boost user perceptions of the library.
Respondent expectations are highest when it comes to the quality and accessibility of UBC
Library’s online collections, particularly among faculty and graduate students. This is also the
area where the library’s perceived performance is lowest relative to expectations.
UBC library meets expectations on questions about customer service. Students and faculty
recognize the people who serve them and appreciate the work of library staff.
Students desire a variety of library environments and facilities to meet their different needs.
Quiet study space stands out as a priority, particularly among undergraduate respondents.
The survey does not measure the library’s teaching and learning program directly but results
suggest user expectations are low when it comes to orientation and instruction sessions.

About this report
Most of the interpretive work is the collective effort of the LibQUAL Analysis Working Group, tasked
with summarizing and presenting the content of respondents’ written survey comments:





Charlotte Beck
Danielle Bugeaud
Jeremy Buhler (chair)
Cathaleen Finnegan






Laurie Henderson
Ebony Magnus
Kat McGrath
Shawnna Parlongo





Frank Sayre
Bronwen Sprout
Jon Strang

Jeremy Buhler and Ebony Magnus assembled the report, framing the themes identified by the group in
relation to overall LibQUAL results and writing introductory and concluding passages. Credit for
interpretive insight belongs with the group; Jeremy takes responsibility for errors or omissions in
compilation and editing.
If working independently most of us would revise this document, stressing something here, downplaying
another there. But differences of opinion in collective writing are an essential part of the process and
raise questions that encourage deeper engagement with the material at hand. We hope this report also
raises questions and curiosity in the reader and leads to discussions with colleagues, further exploration
of the results, and meaningful consultation with library users.

3

LibQUAL 2013: Introduction & Overview


Introduction
What
LibQUAL is a standardised survey instrument developed by the Association of Research Libraries (ARL)
that measures user perceptions of library services. The survey questions focus on three service areas:




library collections and access
customer services
library physical spaces

To reduce the burden on individual respondents UBC uses a short version of LibQUAL called LibQUAL
Lite. Each respondent answers demographic questions, four core questions about library services, and a
random sample from the remaining questions. No single person answers every survey item but
collectively the library hears from all user groups on each question.
Where
As in past years, UBC Library ran separate surveys for the Okanagan and Vancouver locations. This
report is limited to results of the Vancouver survey.
When
UBC Library ran LibQUAL in 2007, 2009, 2010, and 2013. On the Vancouver campus the 2013 survey
opened on February 12 and ran for 3 weeks, spanning reading week and closing on March 4.
Who
A random sample of UBC Vancouver undergraduate students, graduate students, and faculty members
received an email invitation and a link to participate in the survey. The Office of Planning and
Institutional Research (PAIR) and Faculty Relations provided contact information for a representative
cross-section of the campus population.
Why
Libraries implement LibQUAL periodically to better understand user priorities and to monitor library
performance relative to student and faculty expectations. Much is changing in academic libraries, at
UBC and around the world. To make the most of available resources we need to understand users’
needs and their experience of the library.
How
With the help of many. In 2013 UBC Library joined a consortium of nearly 50 Canadian academic
libraries implementing the LibQUAL survey. Closer to home, LibQUAL planning and analysis working
groups were instrumental in communication, survey distribution, and in the analysis of results.

4



Overview of UBC Vancouver results
Response rates and demographic representation
The overall response rate in 2013 was 15%, down slightly from 17% in 2010.

*Excludes email delivery failures; does not mean recipients actually opened email

Proportionate representation of
the campus population is more
important than the response
rate itself. As shown in the
graph at right, the percentage of
survey responses from each
discipline follows the distribution
of total campus population,
indicating that results are not
strongly skewed in favour of
particular disciplines.

82% of respondents use
physical or online library
services at least weekly
5% use the library
quarterly or never

5



Overall quality of library service
Every survey respondent is asked to “rate the overall quality of the service provided by the library” on a
scale of 1 to 9. In 2013 respondents rated UBC Vancouver libraries at 7.3, the same as in 2010. The
table below shows ratings by academic discipline for the 2010 and 2013 survey years. (See Appendix C
for ratings by library branch.)

Caution: The number of respondents for some disciplines is small and should not be considered a meaningful
representation of the population.

Academic discipline

2010

2013

rating

N

rating

N

Change

UBC overall

7.3

619

7.3

918

-0.01

Health Sciences
Education
Law
Performing & Fine Arts
Other
Applied Science
Forestry/Land and Food Systems
Social Sciences
Business
Science / Math
Humanities
Undecided
Architecture

7.6
7.4
7.1
7.5
7.5
7.3
7.0
7.4
7.0
7.2
6.9
6.4
6.5

107
61
9
13
35
62
26
83
31
119
64
5
4

7.6
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.4
7.4
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.1
7.0
6.8
6.7

152
73
18
17
41
93
29
99
41
216
116
12
11

-0.09
0.09
0.39
-0.07
-0.05
0.13
0.34
-0.15
0.20
-0.11
0.14
0.35
0.23

How we analyzed respondent comments
40% of respondents submitted written comments, providing a rich data set that helps clarify and
interpret overall survey results. Library Assessment coded the comments and assigned them to the
same thematic groups used in 2010 LibQUAL analysis: Access, Collections, Customer Service, Library as
Place, and Teaching & Learning.
The LibQUAL Analysis Working group met weekly in April and May to identify prominent themes in each
set of comments. Summaries from each week’s discussion were distributed for review and revised at
the following meeting or by email. Jeremy Buhler and Ebony Magnus compiled the weekly reports,
adding context from the numerical survey results.
Comments about Access overlap significantly with those about Collections and the two are treated
jointly in this report. Likewise, the People & Places section in this report describes both Customer
Services and Library as Place comments.
6



Understanding graphs of survey results
For most LibQUAL questions respondents provide 3 scores on a scale of 1 to 9:




desired
perceived
minimum

the level of service he/she personally wants to receive
the level of service he/she feels UBC Library currently provides
the minimum acceptable level of service

When viewed together these scores show library performance relative to respondent expectations.
Throughout the report results of this kind are presented in bar graphs like the one below about making
electronic resources accessible from my home or office…
The orange band shows the range
between minimum (6.8) and desired (8.2)
service levels as reported by UBC
undergraduates in 2013.

The blue dot shows perception of the
service UBC Library provides: an average of
7.2 for undergraduates who answered this
question.

Another type of graph illustrates how desired service levels vary depending on user group. When it
comes to questions about library spaces,

Undergraduate respondents’
desired service level is above
the UBC average.

Faculty members have a
relatively low desired service
level, likely because they
have non-library work spaces
on campus.

In addition to the graphs in this report, an interactive online visualization showing 2007, 2010, and 2013
survey results for all user groups is available at
http://public.tableausoftware.com/views/UBCLibrarysurveyofstudentandfacultyperceptions/UBCLibrary
LibQUALdashboard?:embed=y&:toolbar=no&:display_count=no
7

LibQUAL 2013: Collections & Access


Collections & Access
Respondent expectations are highest when it
comes to the quality and accessibility of UBC
Library’s online collections.
The graph at top right shows desired service
levels for selected LibQUAL questions about
collections and access. For most questions,
faculty and graduate student expectations are
higher than the UBC average. The desired
service level for “printed library materials” is
relatively low for all respondent groups, though
still above 7 on a 9-point scale.
The bar graphs at bottom right show
perceived UBC Library service (blue dots)
relative to acceptable service levels
(orange bars) for each respondent group.
Where dots are below the orange bar,
users perceive UBC Library service to be
below minimum acceptable levels.
Among faculty respondents the perceived
service level is near or below the minimum
on most questions in this set.
Students rate the library slightly higher,
though perceived service is barely above
the minimum for graduate students.
Undergraduate students rate the library
particularly low when it comes to modern
equipment for accessing needed
information.
There were many positive comments
about the extent of UBC Library’s
eResources. Other comments shed light
on potential areas for improvement.
Themes from the survey comments about
collections and access are described in the
following sections.

8



The branch I visit most often is… online
Library users increasingly access services and collections via the library website – so much so that
multiple respondents answered “other” when asked which library branch they used most often,
indicating the website as their most commonly used “branch.”
Remote access
 Remote access to the library is of the utmost importance to respondents who are unable to visit
the library because they work or study far from campus, and for those whose research no longer
requires on-site access.
 Users want intuitive online interfaces and clear channels to connect with library staff who can
assist them.
 Several comments mention the frequency of changes to the library website and search features.
While some respondents simply acknowledge the constancy of change, others express
frustration at the perceived lack of stability or consistency in the library’s online presence.
Range and quality of resources
 Many respondents acknowledge and appreciate the growing electronic collections available
through the library.
 Even respondents who express satisfaction with eResource collections emphasize the need for
ongoing collection development and improved access, suggesting expectations will likely keep
rising.
Reaching users at the point of need
 Respondents express frustration when they are met with an obstacle and cannot find an online
channel to get help. Barriers at the point of need discourage users from taking advantage of –
or even becoming aware of – available library services.
 Online library users often remark on the helpfulness and expertise of library staff. Access to real
people remains important, even in the provision of virtual services.

Overall impressed by the amount of research that can be done online but this should also continue to improve
to keep up with an ever growing number of students who rely primarily on the internet. – Undergraduate,
Humanities
The most important thing is providing good online access to a wide variety of journals. I think that the library
achieves this well. – Faculty, Science
When I cannot locate an item (e.g. journal article) I hit that “access problems?” button and email the library. I
always receive a prompt and helpful response to access it online somehow. – Graduate, Health Sciences
One issue that exists of promotion of resources. For example, if someone knows how to submit a trouble
ticket about an electronic resource, the service is fast and great, but not everyone does. Also, there is lots of
support available, but people often have to find it themselves, so they may not be taking advantage of all
that's offered. – Graduate, Social Sciences

9



Streamlining access
Respondents appreciate library collections but express frustration at barriers related to authentication
and to eBook platforms. Implied in several comments is the desire for prepackaged delivery of
information that suits their style of learning and research. One respondent remarks that she is “spoiled
by Google's ability to practically read [her] mind” and that this colours her appraisal of library search
functionality.
Functionality of online interfaces
 Several comments suggest existing online interfaces, including the library website, are not
intuitive or efficient.
 Many respondents comment negatively on the shift from myVPN to EZProxy. Some consider
EZProxy inconvenient compared to myVPN because of the perception that UBC licensed
eResources are no longer available through Google searches. Some users appear not to know
why the change was necessary, and one asks “How is this an advance over VPN?”
 Some respondents perceive library search tools to be unreliable. These comments referred to
format and appropriateness of search results, as well as to descriptions of what is available from
the library (e.g. full text online journal coverage).
 Some respondents complain about having to login repeatedly, or to use different login
credentials in different interfaces, referring to this as redundant and unnecessary.
EBook availability and usability
 Comments suggest a need for library guidance on eBook use, platforms, and devices. Some
eBook users appear to misunderstand the reason for restrictions on use, blaming the library or
the user interface.
 Several respondents express their appreciation for UBC Library’s extensive eBook collection and
their desire for continued growth.
 Some note that they do not use UBC-licensed eBooks because access is inconvenient.
Comments indicate general dissatisfaction with the interface and functionality of the eBook
platform ebrary.
User communities and personas
 Respondents recognize themselves as members of user communities organized around
disciplines and levels of study. They expect the library to provide access and services that
respond to their specific needs.
 All users should be considered when developing library services or platforms. One faculty
respondent remarks that personas representing all user groups (including faculty) should inform
the design of the library website.
Collections and services to support UBC teaching
 Multiple comments express a desire for library to expand its holdings of course readings and
reference materials, in both print and electronic format.
 Some perceive circulation policies for course reserves to be too restrictive, noting the short loan
periods. These respondents suggest the library could improve availability by extending loan
periods or purchasing additional copies of high-use materials.

10




Some users suggest new services that could enhance or improve their library experience. One
of the most common recommendations was for expanded document delivery services,
especially between branches and offices on the Point Grey campus.

User interface, and overall usability of the web interface would really benefit from a complete overhaul. With
some typical user in mind, including faculty personas, not just students. – Faculty, Applied Science
The current e-book reader that is used by the ubc library website is terrible (ebrary). […] I love that the books
are available, but the interface is so slow, unforgiving, and difficult to navigate that it impedes my learning. I
much prefer when books are available as Adobe Digital Editions. – Graduate, Humanities
There has to be a way to get more copies of course reserves so that students can have them out for longer (2 3 days). – Undergraduate, Health Sciences
The recent switch away from VPN to CWL for off-campus access is confusing […] Also, there is some
inconsistency (complete randomness!!) on campus in whether a journal website has to be accessed through
the library or not to download content (initially I am often asked to pay for an article, before I figure out that if
I go through eJournals for access, it is free). – Faculty, Science
On-demand branch delivery and term-long checkout periods for graduate students would be very helpful. –
Graduate, Social Sciences

11

LibQUAL 2013: People & Places


People & Places
Customer service questions
Students and faculty recognize the people who serve
them and appreciate the work of library staff.
Customer service is the LibQUAL survey area where
UBC library performs best, meeting and in some
cases exceeding users’ expectations. By far the
majority of survey comments about customer
service are positive, and many refer to the
friendliness and helpfulness of library staff.
The graph at top right shows respondents’ desired
service level on several questions related to
customer service. Employees who understand users’
needs and have the knowledge to answer questions
are highly valued. Respondents have lower
expectations when it comes to receiving individual
attention from staff, shown at the far right of the
graph. The desired service level for this survey
item was lower than in the 2010 LibQUAL survey
for all respondent groups.

The bar graphs at bottom right show perceived
UBC Library service (blue dots) relative to
acceptable service levels (orange bars) for each
respondent group on LibQUAL customer service
questions. In most cases user perceptions of
library service is well within the acceptable range,
though further exploration is warranted by the
low faculty score for “employees who understand
the needs of their users.”

12



Space and facilities questions
When it comes to space students really do want it
all. Respondents identify a wide range of activities
performed in the library and expect a variety of
environments and resources to suit different needs.
The desired service level on survey questions
about space varies greatly depending on user
group. As shown in the graph at top right,
faculty expectations are much lower than those of
graduate and undergraduate students who use
the library as a place to research, study, and meet.
Undergraduate student expectations are the
highest of the three user groups, and all groups
highlight the need for “modern equipment that
lets me easily access needed information.”

Because library physical spaces are less
important to faculty – and because the
library already exceeds their expectations on
nearly all questions about space – the bar
graphs at right emphasize student
perceptions. On the whole, library
performance is within the acceptable range,
though slightly lower for undergraduate
students who rely more heavily on library
spaces and workstations.
The graph also illustrates the importance of
modern equipment (e.g. computer
workstations, printers, wireless networks)
and the desire among undergraduate
respondents for more “quiet space for
individual activities,” a message echoed in
the survey comments.
Library spaces and customer service can
contribute positively to students’ physical
and mental well-being. Themes from
respondents’ comments related to people
and places are described in the following
pages.

13



People matter
In their comments, respondents acknowledge and express appreciation for the library staff who assist
them. Personalized help is valued over self-serve channels, whether it is provided at staffed service
points or in a virtual environment.
UBC Library staff are friendly and helpful
 The words “friendly” and “helpful” are used repeatedly by survey respondents to describe the
service and attitude of UBC library staff. Positive comments outweigh negative ones by far,
reflecting the high scores in LibQUAL questions related to customer service.
 Some users write that there are too few people to provide help when needed. As one
respondent succinctly put it: “Not enough staff. Large spaces but nobody to help”.
 In a number of comments respondents identify specific library staff by name and highlight
positive working relationships.
Flexible, people-powered services are important to library users
 When users have questions or are looking for information, services that are backed up by a
person – whether online or in-person – are viewed more positively than existing self-service
options.
 Some respondents identify library policies and operational decisions they consider barriers to
using the library. Examples include fines, service hours, and borrowing periods.
 The perceived rigidity of library policies and the perceived inability of library staff to make
exceptions to policy are considered barriers to service by some users.

The library staff are wonderful, always willing to help. – Faculty, Applied Science
I am a distance education student living outside of the Greater Vancouver area so I never use the library
facilities on site. However, connecting to the library online has been a very pleasant experience for me.
Questions regarding research materials and library connection were answered very efficiently and the
library staff were very helpful. – Graduate, Education
Whenever I have had need to use the library facilities I have found the staff very friendly and helpful. –
Undergraduate, Applied Science
For the UBC Libraries in general, and I have used a lot of them, the reference librarians have always been
extremely helpful and their comments have made the difference innumerable times. Overall, and
comparing to libraries at universities around the world, UBC Library system is a very good one. – Faculty,
Health Sciences
I am blown away by the attentiveness of every library staff member I have come across so far. Whether I
am trying to print or need help researching they are always willing to help in a friendly way. – Graduate,
Other

Users value a variety of spaces
Comments suggest a tension between the desire for traditional library spaces – associated with print
collections and private study – and commons spaces for collaboration and access to non-library services.

14



Users recognize and appreciate the variety of spaces offered by UBC Library and the different cultures of
use associated with each.
Study spaces and noise level
 There is a need for discrete areas for quiet study as well as for group space where more noise is
permitted. 2013 LibQUAL survey comments highlight the need for more quiet spaces in
particular.
 Some graduate students request exclusive, reserved spaces to study and securely store
belongings.
 Some respondents favour an all-services environment to study, break to eat, and/or get coffee.
Suggestions for embedded lounge areas or cafés appear in multiple comments.
 Some respondents complain about disturbances from other patrons eating food in library study
spaces.
Finding and maintaining the desired space
 Users recognize the different environments or “characters” of different branches. Some choose
where to study based on the character of the space rather than disciplinary affiliation.
 Several respondents indicate they would like to be more aware of the different spaces available
to them. In some cases they describe a preferred space –a reading room, a non-UBC library, or
another location off-campus – but are unaware if a similar space exists at UBC.
 Users who identify with particular branches and staff are affected by what they perceive as
constant change (construction, library reorganization, etc.). Some indicate that changes are
made without sufficient consultation, sometimes to the detriment of users and library staff (e.g.
Music Library closure)
 The etiquette associated with a space is important to users. Some request that selected spaces
be clearly designated as quiet, and that this standard be enforced.
Availability and desirability
 The challenge of accommodating various user needs is compounded by overcrowding in
desirable locations. High volume reflects the popularity of library spaces, but it makes it difficult
to meet the needs of all who wish to study in a particular location.
 Because of overcrowding some respondents looking for quiet study space choose to work
outside the library. Some also report difficulty finding available computer workstations.
 Positive space features like comfortable, ergonomic furniture and natural light are highly
regarded, while space that is perceived as inhospitable can limit productivity and increase stress.
Respondents appreciate inviting spaces that allow for focused work and reduce stress levels.
 Multiple comments express dissatisfaction about the repurposing of collection or study space
for administrative space (e.g. Koerner level 6).
I enjoy that different libraries have different attitudes towards their study space so every individual can study
at a place that suits them. – Undergraduate, Science
Need more space for quiet study! With good natural lighting! – Undergraduate, Health Sciences
I really enjoy the quiet work zones for studying and working. These areas cannot be undervalued as they have
been crucial to my success and to my maintenance of stress. – Graduate, Forestry/Land & Food Systems

15



I mainly use law to study as it is quiet and they have their no-food policy. I think it would be a good thing to
implement it in other libraries as well. – Undergraduate, Science
Graduate students need private spaces to work and lock up their valuables when they need to use the
washroom, grab a coffee, etc. Long days spent constantly packing and unpacking your belongings do not make
the library a convenient place to work. – Graduate, Humanities
The thing that would be most welcome in terms of improvement would be the availability of seating […]. As I
complete this survey, I am currently sitting on the floor in the library. – Undergraduate, Applied Science

Supporting study with technology
Users appreciate and depend upon the provision of technology such as computer workstations, wireless
internet access, printers, and scanners. However, the value of this technology is diminished when it
becomes too difficult to access or when its condition slows the performance of basic tasks.
Availability
 Comments indicate that there are not enough computers to accommodate users at popular
locations. Some users who require short-term access to a workstation – to search the catalogue
or a database – express frustration about computer availability.
 Multiple comments highlight the need for more printers and for scanners.
Functionality
 Respondents remark on the condition of supporting technology at UBC Library, noting especially
the slowness of computers in some locations.
 Comments suggest that users know the potential of multifunction printers and copiers (e.g.
scanning) but are frustrated that some functions are disabled.
My primary concern is the lack of access to scanning functions on virtually all of the photocopiers. The
university […] has deliberately disabled the scan to pdf, scan to email, and scan to USB stick functionality. This
is extremely frustrating. – Undergraduate, Law
Buy more printers. Buy more computers. – Undergraduate, Science
The computers in the library are dilapidated dinosaurs and work extraordinarily slowly. I feel like throwing
them on the ground! […]If I have not done my homework about the books I need BEFORE coming to the library
I am in trouble. – Faculty, Humanities
Speed up the computers. – Undergraduate, Social Sciences

16

LibQUAL 2013: Teaching & Learning


Teaching & Learning
The LibQUAL survey is not designed to measure a library’s teaching and learning activities. While we can
glean some information from UBC results, on their own they are not enough on which to base
programming decisions.
There is only one question in the 2013 survey that relates to the library’s teaching and learning activities.
As an optional question it was seen by 20% of respondents, 28% of whom answered N/A. The question
asks about service levels “when it comes to library orientations / instruction sessions,” but it conflates
the terms without defining either, and it does not represent the range of library teaching and learning
initiatives.
Given these limitations this question should be interpreted with care,
but the results are suggestive. Among all user groups in 2013 this
survey question has a) one of the lowest desired service levels, and b)
one of the highest rates of N/A responses (see Appendix B.2). It is also
the only question where UBC currently exceeds expectations for all
user groups, and by a wide margin among undergraduates.
Respondent comments often shed light on specific issues underlying
survey scores but there are fewer comments about teaching and
learning than about other service areas. This may owe in part to the
survey instrument, which prompts reflection about collections, people,
and spaces but not specifically about instruction.
Below are themes related to teaching and learning that emerge from
the survey comments. These deserve further exploration, especially as
the library considers its role in the campus-wide Flexible Learning
initiative.

Instructional role of the library




Few comments portray the library as an instruction provider, but comments about other
services often highlight the role of the library supporting instruction. Respondents often
comment on the quality and availability of course materials, as well as other services that
support their academic work.
Comments that reveal gaps in user awareness of library resources suggest an opportunity for
future teaching and learning development.

The right content at the right time and place



A few respondents identify specific instructional needs that might not be met by generic or
multi-discipline information literacy sessions. Several respondents express a desire for
workshops and tutorials on discipline- and tool-specific content, whether in person or online.
Delivering content at the right time and at the point-of-need could increase the perceived value
of library instruction programs. Some comments request instruction or orientation sessions that

17

LibQUAL 2013: Teaching & Learning


the library already offers, suggesting lack of awareness of existing programs or conflicts in
scheduling.

Library expertise is valued




Some respondents identify areas where the library provides a level of expertise not found
elsewhere on campus. Information and instruction on systematic reviews is mentioned as a
highly valued service provided by librarians.
Some respondents recognize library expertise but note that there is insufficient support for their
discipline or specific needs.
All comments that refer to workshops respondents have attended are positive.

The library has accommodated doctoral requests for special tutoring both in our usual classroom as well as
within the library itself. The librarians have offered help aimed at each student in my program. The service
level and commitment to our learning has been exceptional in every way. – Graduate student, Education
I think the workshops offered by the library are very useful. I attended two so far and they were very helpful!
– Graduate student, Science
I would like more opportunities for courses to keep me up-to-date about electronically researching Canadian,
US, UK and foreign law. – Faculty, Law
I'm not currently very good at finding materials online. I could really use a tutorial that met me where I'm at.
– Faculty, Health Sciences

18

LibQUAL 2013: Conclusion


Conclusion and priorities
LibQUAL results focus the library’s attention on areas where a) perceived performance is not aligned
with user expectations, and b) user expectations are especially high or low. Survey results reflect user
perceptions and are not themselves mandates for action, but the library should note these areas and
take action as appropriate to maintain or improve service quality.
In most cases this will require further consultation to better understand the experience of specific user
groups. Library staff members at all levels are encouraged to use LibQUAL results to inform their work
and to consult the Assessment Librarian (Jeremy Buhler) for help interpreting results in relation to
specific projects.
Below are several system-wide priorities that emerge from the 2013 LibQUAL results. This list is not
comprehensive, nor does it take into account variations across library branches or academic disciplines.
It should be considered a starting point for reflection, discussion, further exploration, and action.

Awareness of library services. Many survey comments suggest an awareness gap when it
comes to library services. Some users seem unaware of what the library offers and ask for
resources that are already available (e.g. ScienceDirect, ILL). Others express frustration at
decisions that do not make sense to them, apparently unaware of the reason for change (e.g.
transition from VPN to EZ-Proxy, changes to physical spaces). Improving awareness could help
boost user perceptions of the library.

eResource collections and access. Expectations are highest when it comes to the quality
and accessibility of UBC Library’s online collections, particularly among faculty and graduate
students. Since UBC’s first LibQUAL survey in 2007 the highest expectations are consistently for
a) remote access to collections and b) a website that enables users to find information on their
own. This is also the area where perceived service is lowest relative to desired service levels.

Helping students find the desired library space. 2013 LibQUAL results highlight the
need for a variety of spaces with an emphasis on quiet study space, a message echoed in a
recent survey of UBC students (see Appendix A). The appropriate mix of space types will vary by
branch and depend to some degree on the target user population. There may be an
opportunity to brand and promote library spaces to specific audiences, making it easier for
students to find the kind of space that suits their needs.

Understanding users’ instructional needs and expectations. The survey does not
measure the library’s teaching and learning program directly but results suggest user
expectations are low when it comes to orientation and instruction sessions. The evidence is not
conclusive and further study is recommended to inform the development of teaching and
learning activities.

19

LibQUAL 2013: Appendices


Appendix A: Related surveys and data sources
LibQUAL results often confirm what observant staff members already know about UBC Library users.
This strengthens the evidence for decision making, especially when echoed by other data sources.
Below are examples of surveys that complement and provide context for interpreting LibQUAL results.

Student Senate Caucus UBC Library Survey (2013)
“In November, 2012 the Senate Library Committee (SLC) asked the student members of the Senate
Library Committee (SLC) to make a presentation about how UBC students use the UBC library and the
UBC library informal learning spaces. To prepare for this presentation a ten question survey called the
Student Senate Caucus Library Survey was designed and distributed across campus. There were 429
student responses to the survey of which 400 were undergrad student responses.” (Excerpt from the
Executive Summary of the survey report.)
The full report including detailed survey results is expected to be available from the Senate section of
the AMS website in Fall 2013.

Ithaka S+R US Faculty Survey (2012)
“The Ithaka S+R US Faculty Survey has focused since its inception on capturing an accurate picture of
faculty members' practices, attitudes, and needs. In the fifth triennial cycle, fielded in fall 2012, the
survey focused on research and teaching practices broadly, as well as the dissemination, collecting,
discovery, and access of research and teaching materials.” (quoted from
http://www.sr.ithaka.org/research-publications/us-faculty-survey-2012)
The survey report and a video presentation of the most recent results are available from the link above.
They provide nsight into faculty perceptions of the library as well as context for understanding local
LibQUAL results.

National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE, 2011)
In the 2011 NSSE survey, UBC undergraduate students identified study spaces and academic support
services as high priorities when asked what the University "most needs to address to improve the
student academic/learning experience outside the classroom." Library collections and services such as
circulation and internet/computer access were low on the list for the same question. The emphasis on
study spaces confirms what LibQUAL respondents tell us in 2013, but the apparently low valuation of
internet and computer hardware differs from some LibQUAL results.
For detailed NSSE results from 2011 and previous years see
http://www.pair.ubc.ca/surveys/nsse/index.shtml

20



Research Commons at Koerner Library Survey (2011)
396 UBC graduate students responded to survey distributed in March 2011 about a proposed Research
Commons in Koerner Library. When asked about desired library facilities 61% of respondents expressed
a desire for quiet study spaces. When asked about hardware and equipment 79% identified the need
for electrical outlets and 68% indicated scanners. For more information about the survey instrument
and results contact UBC Library Assessment (jeremy.buhler@ubc.ca).

21



Appendix B: Questions by desired service level and % of N/A responses
B.1: Questions sorted from highest to lowest Desired Service Level as indicated by respondents

22



B.2: Questions sorted from lowest to highest Percentage of N/A responses

23



Appendix C: Core questions by library branch and academic discipline
In the LibQUAL Lite version of the survey used at UBC Library, each respondent answers a random
subset of the survey questions. Only four core questions are asked of every respondent. The tables on
the next pages show results for the core questions by library branch and by academic discipline.

Caution: The number of respondents for some branches and disciplines is small and should not be considered
a meaningful representation of the population.

Some tables include a column for library performance expressed as a percentage:



When the perceived service level is equal to the desired level, performance is considered 100%
When the perceived service level is equal to the minimum level, performance is 0%

24



Appendix C.1: Overall quality of service
How would you rate the overall quality of the service provided by the library?
(Scale of 1-9, sorted from high-to-low by 2013 rating.)

Discipline

2010

2013

rating

N

rating

N

Change

UBC overall

7.3

619

7.3

918

-0.01

Health Sciences
Education
Law
Performing & Fine Arts
Other
Applied Science
Forestry/Land and Food Systems
Social Sciences
Business
Science / Math
Humanities
Undecided
Architecture

7.6
7.4
7.1
7.5
7.5
7.3
7.0
7.4
7.0
7.2
6.9
6.4
6.5

107
61
9
13
35
62
26
83
31
119
64
5
4

7.6
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.4
7.4
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.1
7.0
6.8
6.7

152
73
18
17
41
93
29
99
41
216
116
12
11

-0.09
0.09
0.39
-0.07
-0.05
0.13
0.34
-0.15
0.20
-0.11
0.14
0.35
0.23

Library used most often

2010

2013

rating

N

rating

N

Change

UBC Overall

7.3

619

7.3

918

-0.01

Asian Library
St Pauls Hospital Library
BMB
Education Library
Music Library
David Lam
Hamber Library
Law Library
Woodward Library
IKB Learning Centre
Koerner Library
Other/virtual
Xwi7xwa Library
Okanagan Library
Robson Square Library
N/A

5.7
7.9
8.1
7.5
8.2
7.0
7.1
7.0
7.5
7.1
7.2
7.4
8.0
8.0
7.5
7.5

3
8
21
45
5
25
7
6
125
161
190
16
2
1
2
2

8.0
7.9
7.8
7.6
7.5
7.5
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.2
7.2
7.1
6.7

4
7
24
53
11
21
14
26
207
244
271
29
3

8.0

4

2.33
-0.02
-0.26
0.14
-0.65
0.44
0.29
0.38
-0.15
0.08
-0.04
-0.30
-1.33
N/A
N/A
0.50

25



Appendix C.2: Electronic information resources
When it comes to the electronic information resources I need…
(Sorted from high-to-low by performance; see p25 for explanation of performance score.)


Discipline

26



Appendix C.3: Customer service
When it comes to employees who deal with users in a caring fashion…


Discipline

27



Appendix C.4: Core questions by library branch and academic discipline
When it comes to library space that inspires study and learning…


Discipline

28

UBC Library LibQUAL results 2013

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