Vijay final report on HGML

DEPT OF MINING . SRIT Page 1
CHAPTER – I
INTRODUCTION TO HGML
1.1 Introduction
The gold has been part of some of the greatest achievement in history nearly
nizams time. Gold sparkled off the cultural and heritage revolution. At the close of 10th
century it’s gold revolutionizing the way we leave and are the material of choice for
countless products for this million. The Gold industry as an important role to play in the
development of any industrial nation. it is a critical intermediate for the industry and
the strength for good gold smith.
The turn of the century will see in the Indian gold industry reaching a stage of
development determined largely by the economic policies. These policies have led to
the decontrol of the gold industry. And of most other sectors of the industrial
(economy). The gold sector in particular saw a series of reforms starting with removal
of license in control, dismantling of p ricing and distribution controls, discontinuation
of the gold development fund withdrawal of freight equalization fund and removal of
trade restrictions on imports along with progressive reduction in tariff rates. In India
the Hutti Gold Mines Company Limited company limited is the only mine and producer
of gold.
1.2 Origin of Company
The Hutti Gold Mines Company Limited ,a government of Karnataka
undertaken established in 1947 as the Hyderabad gold mines company limited ,the
government of was holding 98% shares with 2% public participation with
reorganization of state in 1956,the company was transfer to mysore state (now in
Karnataka)and become the Hutti Gold Mines Company Limited .
The Hutti Gold Mines Company Limited is profit making public sector
undertaking of the government of Karnataka .It is the premier gold production

company in Indian now. In its 50 years of successful existence. It has produced 40.38
tons of pure gold. HGML is now producing 2.85 tons gold per annum .in the state has
joined the back wagon of the leading gold producing companies in the world by
becoming the 40th member of the WORLD GOLD COUNCIL(WGC).The company is
committed to developing long life, safe and the environmentally responsible
operations.
1.3 Mile stones in the History of the Hutti Gold Mines Company Limited
Ancient History of Gold mining of Hutti - Maski Green stone belt are in raichur
district. Dates back to 1000 years old. the old working of gold are in an around hutti
include a number of vertical shafts, long inclines and shallow pits of different
dimension, scattered all over the area. The maximum known depth worked in those
times, at hutti, was 195 meters. Probably due to ventilation problem of dewatering,
they could not mine below this level. When the active prospective work had
commenced. Underground mining of main reef worked down to a maximum depth at
hutti mines was 1051m. During this period selective mining was restricted fails to high
grade ore (average about 19 gm per ton) and subsequently, ,it can be classified as
follows;
1887 - Gold Mining was undertaken by "Hyderabad (Deccan) Company" for the Nizam
of Hyderabad.
1880 - 1920 -Modern mining took place by M/s. John Taylor's and Sons. During the
period between 1902 to
1918 only the Main Reef alone produced 3.8 lakhs tons of ore and yielded 7.41 tons of
gold, an average grade
of 19.45 g/t. and was mined up to 1052 m. depth.

1920 - Mine closed down due to paucity of materials, funds, and also attributable to
World War I.
1938 - Detailed exploration by geological & geophysical surveys, diamond drilling and
dewatering of the
Village Reef mine were conducted, which resulted in rediscovery of Zone - I and
Oakley's Reefs.
1947 - On 8th July 1947 "Hyderabad Gold Mines Company Limited" was incorporated
and the mining
operations were entrusted to John Taylor & Sons by the Nizam of Hyderabad.
1956 - It was renamed as "The Hutti Gold Mines Company Limited" (HGML) with the
formation of Mysore State (now Karnataka) when the states were reorganized.
1966 - Indian Gold Control Act 1966 imposed severe restrictions on Gold trade and
industry.
1971 - In its Silver Jubilee year, the capacity was tripled from 310 Tons per day (TPD) to
910 TPD.
1985 - The two loss making Copper Units "Chitradurga Copper Company" and
"Karnataka Copper Consortium Limited" at Kalyadi were amalgamated with HGML.
Thus the company's operations were extended to Copper mining and production of
Copper Concentrate.
1992 - The Gold Control Act was repealed allowing free import of gold resulting in
almost stabilization of Indian gold prices.
1996 - Introduction of Carbon-in-Pulp (CIP) technology in the Mill
1997 -In its "Golden Jubilee Year", HGML had undertaken a comprehensive

Modernization & Expansion programme to double its production by increasing capacity
at Hutti and conversion of Copper unit to Gold unit at Chitradurga.
1998-99 & 2002 - Phasewise Ball Mill addition
2002-04 - Introduction of large Agitators (11 m dia x 11.5 m height)
2005 - Improvement in the Sand stowing system, Detoxification plant, new high rate
thickener and Carbon column
the total gold production was 3499.117 kgs. which was the highest record production
in the history of the HGML.
Present mine depart: 2300 feet
Total ore mined: 10.97 million tones

1.4 Gold Production
Present scale of production
5.10 lakhs Ton Per Annum of ore, 1.90 tons of gold Company’s corporate
office is situated in Bangalore and operates 1 units the hutti gold unit(HGU) in raichur
dist, and the other chitradurga gold unit(CGU) In chitradurga dist with a mine of
ajjanahalli (thumakuru dist) HGU and CGU are fully interacted units with capacities to
produces 6,00,000Ton Per Year and 1,61,000Ton Per Year of ore form hutti. major
expiation include the extended capacity of the metallurgical plant in a phased manner
is also under consideration.
We were provided an opportunity to study the extraction of gold from ore of
the hutti gold mines company ltd, the only producer of primary gold in India

Gold Production in India
1.5 Highlights of HGML
1. HGML Production Gold per d ay is around 8-11 kgs.
2. HGML INDIA’S LEADING PRODUCER OF GOLD.
3. HGML Is Completely Government Undertaken
1.6 LOCATION
Hutti is located about 80 Kms. west of Raichur about 500 Kms. north of
Bangalore and is considering has one of the prestigious stable underground metal
Mines in India, located at North western periphery of the Hutti-Maski green stone belt.
Hutti Underground gold mine of HGML is one of the deepest working in India. (After

the closer of Kolar Gold Mines pf BGML and the Mosabani Copper Mines of HCL) Since
the deepest development point a depth 867.30 depth (sinking). The Hutti Gold Mines
(including satellite mines) have so far produced 51.15 tones of gold metal 8.65 million
tones of ore at an average grade of 5.1 grams per tone (up to the end of March 2003)
during the last 56 years mining.
1.7 REGISTERED OFFICE
The Registered Office of the company is presently situated at NO. 6/13,
Gurappa Avenue, Primrose Road cross, Bangalore – 560 025.
1.8 MAJOR DEPARTMENTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
A) PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
1. Mining Department
2. Metallurgical Department
3. Engineering Department
B) ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT
1. HR. Department
2. Financial Department
3. Material/Purchase Department
4. Medical Department
5. Security Department

1.9 NEAR RELATED MINES
 UTI GOLD MINES
The Uti Gold deposit is located at 20 Kms. North-east of Hutti Gold Mines, in
Devadurga taluk, Raichur District, Karnataka. The area has witnessed ancient and
modern mining activities. The ancient mining activity is evidenced by numerous old
workings.
HEERA-BUDDINNI
The Heera-Buddinni Gold deposit is located at 25 Kms. to East of the Hutti
Gold Mines in Manvi Taluk, Raichur District, Karnataka. In Hira-Buddinni the Main
Shaft is developed up to 6th level and West shaft up to 5th level.
Machine men:- Drilling and blasting.
Tramming men:- They will clear the stuff from working places make way for next blast,
fill the bandies and tram the bandies to level plats and dump in plat bins.
Timber men:- Timber men will do timbers supporting work where ever necessary and
make stages in rises. Pipe and Machine fitters will attend to any repair/maintenance to
the drilling machines and extension of compressed air and water supply connections.

CHAPTER - 2
ABOUT GOLD
2.1 Introduction
The Yellow metal is a precious and extensively sought metal from time
immemorial gold is being used for commercial engineering decorative and ornamental
purposes gold is a prove strange investment vehicle for all vehicle for all sectors of
invertors.
India has a history of gold mining and until is action since 6000years with
abundance of gold deposits .
Karnataka is often called as land of gold “chinnada nadu” the production of
gold in the world has crossed 1500 tons per Annum.
2.2 Importance of Gold
Gold because of brilliant untarnishable, Imperishability and softness occupies
unique position among the metals since antiquity gold has been prized as an ornament
as a concentrated form of wealth and also as a convenient medium of exchange. It is
believed to be the first metal to have been discovered by ancient man since its

discovery its value has generally increased rarely decreased and is still a strategic
metal.
Gold is an essential commodity to back up the financial currency of the
country and plays and important part even in some industries such as jewelry
manufacturing medicines liquid gold for decorative purposes gold coating for watch
cases etc.
2.3 Gold coinage
1. Many countries produced gold coins regularly and sell them as collector items
are souvenirs these helps to contain inflation.
2. gold as its applications in space equipment and electronic which are picking
up very fast.
3. Gold also occupies a very important position in biotechnology electronics such
as high speed computers and telecommunications because of excellent communication
of chemical electrical and physical properties which now other metal can match.
4. Nuclear waste can be enclosed in thin gold cylinder and buried deep
underground it is said that this thin sheet of gold prevents nuclear hazards from the
waste almost permanently.
5. Expert of jewelry to earn valuable foreign exchange.
2.4 Nature of Occurrence of Gold
Gold, the noblest of metals, has been used by man for more than 5000 years. Its
extreme softness or
malleability, and resistance to tarnish (oxidation), led to its earliest uses in art and
currency. Gold is the metal of

choice for jewelry, and is often used in dentistry. Gold has also been used successfully
in many modern
technological applications.
Gold occurs in native form in the lodes along the fractures in the quartz veins
and also in the sulphide minerals present in the altered wall rocks. Generally gold
occurs in native form in a very fine state and is invisible to the naked eye, though
occasionally visible gold in the form of specks and streaks are seen
2.5 Characteristics
Gold readily creates alloys with many other metals. These alloys can be
produced to modify the hardness and other metallurgical properties, to control melting
point or to create exotic colors. Gold is a good conductor of heat and electricity and
reflects infrared radiation strongly. Chemically, it is unaffected by air, moisture and
most corrosive reagents, and is therefore well suited for use in coins and jewelry and
as a protective coating on other, more reactive metals. However, it is not chemically
inert. Gold is almost insoluble, but can be dissolved in aqua regia.
2.6 Physical Properties of Gold
Melting point 1337.33k, 1064.18 Degree Centigrade
Boling Point 3129k, 2856 Degree Centigrade,
Heat of vaporization 324 kj.mol-1
Molar hear capacity 25.418 j.mol-1.k-1

2.7 Applications
1. It is used as the electrical contacts of computer chips.
The intrinsic value of gold offers an attractive alternative to stocks and bonds for many
investors.
2. It remains the principle medium for setting currency values and settling
international debts among the nations of the world.
3. Gold has been widely used throughout the world as a vehicle for monetary
exchange, either by issuance and recognition of gold coins or other bare metal
quantities, by establishing gold standards in which the total value of issued money
is represented in a store of gold reserves.
4. Gold is used as the reflective layer on some high-end CDs.
Automobiles may use gold for heat shielding. McLaren uses gold foil in the engine
compartment of its F1 model.
2.8 Demand in Market
India market demand is about 800 ton s per year. Where as in digest amulet
product ion about 3 tons. Our jewelry designs are noted for their fine crafts man ship,
exquisite designs and great quality.

CHAPTER – 3
EXTRACTION OF GOLD FROM ORE
3.1 Introduction
Gold is being mined by The Hutti Gold Mines Ltd (HGML), a Government of
Karnataka undertaking, near Hutti village in northern Karnataka. The mine is developed
on a classic Archaean lode gold deposit, similar to those in Australia, Canada and South
Africa. Gold mining activity in the belt has been known since pre - Ashokan time, about
3000 years ago.
Modern gold mining commenced in the Hutti area around 1947.The Hutti
Mine has so far produced about 2 million ounces while remaining ore reserves (proven
and probable) are believed to be 6,400,000 tons of ore grading 6.48g/t up to 750
meters depth (i.e. 1.33 million ounces). The average recovered grade from modern
operations is approximately 6.8 g/t.
3.2 Extraction Of Gold From Ore (Metallurgical dept.)
The gold extraction process in HGML practices mineral processing, hydro
electro and pyro metallurgical routes
.the major unit processes involved is described below
Role: to extract gold of 96% pure from ROM at the optimal cost to extract gold of 96%
pure from ROM (run of mine) at the optimal cost the metallurgical (plant), department
is divided in to 7 sections
1. Mining
2. Crushing
3. Grinding
4. Leaching
5. CIP(Carbon In Pulp Process)

6. Electro Winning
7. Electro Refinery
A brief description of the mineral treatment plant
1.Mining (Underground Department)
Mining is the process in which we are extracting ore from earth by using Explosives.
The ore is mined by underground mining there are 3 main major shafts on the mines
known as
Shaft sinking men: shaft sinking hoisting and lowering men and materials and hoisting
ore to surface.
· mallappa shaft
· central shaft
· village shaft
Which have gone up to 758.74m, 790.67m and 499.05 on horizons respectively. Levels
are developed on vertical interval of some and consecutive levels are interconnected
by rises. And winzes which are spread at 60-100m interval and ore reserve blocky are
formed acetyl extraction of ore is then done in the proved ore reserve blocks and ore
broken is hoisted up by the 3 shafts and ore is fed to the mill for treatment
1. Mallapa shaft:
it is the main production shaft currently handling about 80% of the total
production from hutti underground. It can lift 8inch ore from 1600ft underground.
Mallappa bin capacity is 1000T.
Mallappa shaft is equipped with two winders; both the winders cater up to
14th level. one of the winder(new winder-capacity-5.6Tons) is exclusively used for ore
hoisting and the other winder(old winder-5.1Tons)is used for men and material and

hoisting of ore and waste rock, the shaft extends vertically up to 10 below 15th level.
mallappa shaft 16th level for further sinking. After the pent house is lowered the 1nd ore
bin at 14th level plant will be commissioned and ore development of 13rd and14th level
at mallappa shaft is under progress.
2. Central shaft:

The central shaft extends vertically down to a depth of 815.40 meters from
surface. at 14th level primary development is being carried out in middle reef and
Oakley’s reef.
The payable reefs in the central shaft region are at a considerable distance
from the shaft and are moving further away with depth. therefore, it is proposed to
develop 16th level as the last working from central shaft (unless a payable ore shoot in
strike reef is found this is presently close to central shaft).further development below
16th level in the central shaft region is proposed to be carried out through an auxiliary
shaft to be developed in a favorable location with respect to the payable reefs.
Another 40 meters of shaft deepening will bring the shaft bottom to 865.40
meters. The shaft will be concrete lined and equipped to the shaft bottom. The existing
penthouse below 14th level will be removed. Central shaft deepening and associated
development schedule is enclosed.
3. Village shaft:

Village shaft is an inclined shaft extending up to 15th level. It is presently
catering to the top level working s of the strike reef and zones-1 reefs. With the
completion of the top level working the utility of this shaft will be restricted to only
pumping of water from underground and lowering and hoisting of workmen and ore
from the top levels.
3.2.1 Crushing:
Crushing is accomplished by compression of the ore against rigid surfaces, or
by impact against surfaces in a rigidly constrained motion path. The reduction ratio of a
crushing stage can be defined as the ratio of maximum particle size entering to
maximum particle size leaving the crusher, although other definitions are sometimes
used. In crushing section we use two types of crushers those are:

1. Ku eken jaw crusher
the other fixed jaw. Material fed into the jaws is alternately nipped and released
to fall further into the crushing chamber. Eventually it falls from the discharge aperture.
Mine ore is drawn mainly from the adjacent mallapa shaft ore bin 1000 tons
capacity, while ore from the other shafts is brought in to the crushing circuit via a surface
ore-bin of about 100 tons capacity equipped with chain feeder and inclined conveyor belt
etc.
Rom is crushed to -10 mm size in three stages. In the first stage there are there
numbers. of kue ken jaw crushers, chinch act as primary crusher and crushed ore stored in
100 MT. In the second stage 1 Numbers. of 3’ standard summon cone crusher act as

secondary crusher and in the tertiary stage, there are 1 numbers. of 3’ short head and 1
numbers, of 4’ short head simoom cone crushers. these crushers are in close circuit with
vibrating screen crushed. Product is stored in a fine ore bin of 1500 tons capacity before
feeding to grinding plant
Automatic sampler and weight meter and weighbridge provide the necessary
production input details.
There are 2 Crushing Plants In HGML those are:
1. Old Crusher Plant

Mine ore is drawn mainly from mallappa shaft ore bin 1000 tons capacity into
the two feeders are called as south and north feeders and then ore is passing through
Grizzles(screens). Below 8 inch ore particles are fallen into the conveyor belt-() and
Above 8 inch size particles are move towards south and North jaw crushers with the
help of conveyor no-2 belt. In jaw crushers Ore is reduced into (4-6 inch) size. These
crushed particles are combined with screened particles (below 8 inch) and passing
through conveyor belt-3 to 200 ton bin from the bin ore is divided into two feeders
move towards south and north cone crushers. Again the ore is passing through
conveyor belt-4 then it is transferred to conveyor belt-5 then again ore is stored in 400
Ton bin from this final is the conveyor belt-9
2 Modern Crusher Plant

3.2.2 Grinding
 Mill capacity:1950 TPD

The milling/grinding process of gold ore in hutti employs two district grinding
techniques .in the first techniques grinding is done in two stages i.e.. one primary mill
and 3 numbers of secondary tube mills constitute one stream of grinding. two such
streams are there the discharge of these mills are passed on strake table spread with
blankets which recover coarse gold by gravity process, and the system is in close circuit
operation.
In the first technique grinding is done in 1 stages i.e. primary grinding and
secondary grinding for further the combination and one 8’ dia x 16’ long primary mill
and there numbers of 5 – ½” dia x 11 -1/1” long tube mills constitute one stream of
grinding In which pebble and smaller sixe balls are used as composite grinding media.
In the first technique two such streams are there and strake table are used to collect
coarse gold as concentrate for this circuit.

In the second technique, single stage grinding is done in four numbers of
independent ball mills in close circuit with cyclone classification system. the mill
discharge is passed through k’nelson concentrators to recover the free gold. the stake
tables concentrate and knelson concentrate is further upgraded on James table to
produce smelt able grade of gold.

In the second technique grinding is done by four ball mills of different sizes
i.e. 9’x8’,8’x10’ and 9 ’x11’ and each of them are independent circuits in which larger
sizes balls are used as grinding media and in these circuit kensenal concentrators are
used to collect coarse gold as concentrate.

In all the milling techniques, cyclones are in close circuit with the mills, so as
to get the required sizes (i.e. 80% passing 75 hm) for the subsequent treatment
process. the concentrate collected from both the techniques, are upgraded on James
table and the upgraded concentrate is roasted magnate and finally smelted into bullion
buttons.
3.2.3 Leaching
All the cyclone overflow i.e. finally ground ore in the form of slurry from two
stream of 1” technique and 4 stream of 1nd techniques join together in a distributor
box from which finely grind ore in the form of slurry is fed to high rate thickener for
thickening purpose. the thickened pulp(60% solud w/w) obtained from thickness are
subjected to cyanidation process in which cyanide accessible gold in slurry makes
complexes with cyanide in presence of oxygen and dissolves in solution t high ph7.to
increase the oxygen potential of slurry H101 is added in addition to compressed air.
this cyanidation or leaching process is carried in a series of mechanically agitated zones
of agitators of different sizes i.e. 16’x16’, 10’10’ amd 11mx11.5m.agitator.

The cyanide leached pulp then fed to three numbers. of 1000 TPD
Capacity and one no.300 TPD.are parallel in circuit. the objective of cip plant is to
absorb dissolved gold in activated carbon form the solution
3.3 Cynanidation and carbon in pulp process (CIP)
the gold loaded carbon is removed from cip plant periodically selected to acid
alkali washed and then eluted in 4 numbers. of elution tanks with 1.0% naoh and 0.1%
nacn solution at 95o c for a period of 60 hours. The solution is then passed through
4.numbers. of electro winning cells in which gold is deposited on steel wool cathodes.

3.3.1 Smelting
The gold loaded steel wool cathodes are manually removed periodically
subjected to acid digestion drying and smelted to obtain bullion buttons. The bullion
buttons thus obtained from table contractors and steel will are cast in to bullion and
then dispatched for sales.
3.3.2 Cynanidation and carbon in pulp process (cip)
The cyclone overflow from both the techniques is subjected to thickening in a
high rate thickener to remove excess water, which is passed through a series of carbon
column to recover excess water, which is passed through a series of carbon column to
recover dissolved gold. The thickened pulp of specific solid content is mixed with
cyanide for leaching in a series of mechanical Agitators at alkaline media to facilitate

leaching hydrogen peroxide assisted with compressed air is used to improve oxygen
potential in circuit. The cyanide leached pulp is sent to carbon in pulp (cip) unit
agitated with activated carbon in suspension. The dissolved gold is then absorbed on
carbon as sodium auro cyanide. The gold loaded carbon is removed from the chip
periodically and carbon is washed with water and given acid and alkaline treatment.
Elution and electro winning plant: the clean and gold loaded carbon is elution
columns by maintaining the specific parameter. The gold in the pregnant solution is
recovered in electrolytic cells using steel wool as a cathode on which the gold is
deposited. The stripped carbon that retails a very little gold is activated and recues.
3.3.3 Refinery
The upgraded James table concentrate is roasted, magneted and finally
smelted in to bullion buttons. the gold loaded steel wool is manually removed
periodically, subjected to acid digestion, dying and smelted to obtain buttions. the
bullion buttons. thus obtained from table concentrate and steel wool are cast into
salable bullion bars weighting 5 to 11 kgs having a purity of 88-91% of gild,8-11% of
silver and balance impurity
All the cyclone overflow i.e. finally ground ore in the form of slurry

CHAPTER - 4
SOP FOR DRILLING & BLASTING
4.1 SOP FOR DEVELOPMENTFACEDRILLING
i) Ensure that the working area is adequately ventilated and is clear of any
smoke/dust/fumes. If it is a blind heading and is ventilated by an auxiliary fan, ensure
that the fan is running before entering into the area.
ii) Spray water in the working face and the surrounding area from a safe place to
suppress dust and to prevent generation of dust.
iii) Dress down loose in the back and sides of the working area. A pinch bar of
adequate length shall be used for loose dressing and the person doing loose dressing
shall stand in a safe place.
iv) Ensure that the back of the working area is properly supported by roof bolt or
other means as per the approved SSR. Erect temporary support if necessary.
v) Dress down loose in the face.
vi) Check if any misfire is there and if found deal with it as per procedure laid
down in the “SOP FOR DEALING WITH MISFIRES IN DEVELOPMENT FACE”.
vii) Clean all sockets by water jet in a hose pipe or non-ferrous metal pipe.
viii) Plug all the sockets with wooden plugs.
ix) If the cut holes are frozen, shift the site of the cut holes.
x) Follow the check list as mentioned below before operating the jack hammer:
a) Fill the lubricator with suitable lubricating oil as specified by the Mine
Manager.
b) Secure all couplings/ joints of compressed air hose pipes tightly.
c) Before connecting the machine to the main compressed air line, drain the
water, if any, in the pipeline by operating the moisture trap.
d) Blow the hose pipes with compressed air to remove any blockage before
connecting it with the jack hammer.
e) Start the machine and check for proper circulation of lubricating oil by
keeping hand in the exhaust of the jack hammer.

f)Check for proper circulation of water.
g) Check the functioning of the retainer.
xi) Wear Personal Protective Equipment’s i.e. Goggles, Dust Mask, Ear Plugs/ Ear
Muffs and Hand Gloves.
xii) Use those drill rods only in which proper grinding of the TC bit has been done.
The bit should neither be too sharp nor blunt.
xiii) Do not use 5’ drill rod directly in the face. First drill the hole with a 3’ drill rod
and then extend it with a 5’ drill rod.
xiv) Bit diameter of the 3’ drill rod should be more than the 5’ drill rod so that the
5’ drill rod goes smoothly in the hole drilled with a 3’ drill rod.
xv) Hold the drill rod tightly while collaring and rotation of the drill rod should be
slow while collaring.
xvi) Check circulation of lubricating oil from time to time during drilling.
xvii) Water circulation should be continuously monitored to avoid dry drilling. If
water is not coming out of the hole, check flow of water in the hose pipe. If it is fine,
there may water loss inside the hole due to some reason. In that case, do not continue
with the same hole. Cancel it and drill a fresh hole nearby it checking the site.
4.2 SOP FOR DEVELOPMENT FACE BLASTING
1. The blaster shall, before commencement of charging, see that all persons
other than his assistant, in the vicinity, have taken proper shelter. He shall also take
suitable steps to prevent inadvertent entry of any person.
2. Before charging, the blaster shall clean the drilled holes with the help of Shot
firing tools as mentioned below
a. A tool made entirely of wood, suitable for charging and stemming shot holes.
b. A scraper made up of Brass or wood suitable for cleaning out shot holes.
c. A pricker made of wood or of a non-ferrous metal for priming cartridges.
d. No tools or appliances other than provided shall be used by the blaster.

3. No detonator shall be inserted into the priming cartridge until immediately
before it is to be used and this operation shall be carried out by the blaster at well
ventilated and secured place.
4. The blaster shall ensure that no charge in a shot hole is over charged or under
charged.
5. Every shot hole shall be stemmed with sufficient and suitable noninflammable
stemming so as to prevent the shot hole from blowing out.
6. In charging or stemming a shot hole, no metallic toll, scraper or rod shall be
used; and no explosive shall be forcibly pressed into a hole of insufficient size.
7. All surplus explosives shall be removed from the vicinity of the face as soon as
charging operation is completed.
8. Before connecting the lead wires of the electric delay detonators, ensure that
the bare portion of the lead wires are not rusted. If it is rusted, use a cutter to expose
the fresh wire. Wrap the lead wire joints with insulation tape to avoid earthling and
contact with conductive materials.
9. All shots shall be connected in series, and continuity and resistance of the
circuit shall be tested by an ohm-meter of a type approved by the DGMS.
10. No blasting cable other than approved by DGMS shall be used for blasting.
11. Take care to prevent the cable from coming in to contact with any power or
lighting cable or other electrical apparatus.
12. Firing of shots in more than one development faces shall be carried out from
independent blasting shelters to avoid accidental connection and firing of any face.
Testing of the circuit shall be carried out from the designated blasting shelter and by
taking same precautions as taken for firing the shots.

14. Firing of shots shall only be done by an exploder approved by the DGMS and
by the blaster only.
15. No current from a signaling, lighting or power circuit shall be used for firing
shots.
16. Before coupling the cable to the exploder, the blaster shall himself couple up
the cable to the detonator leads.
17. The shots shall be fired from a place not less than 100 m away from the
blasting face in horizontal direction and ensure that the blasting shelter is situated at
minimum two right angle bends. The place shall not be in the return airway.
18. The blaster shall retain the key of the exploder in his possession throughout
the shift.
19. Before firing, the blaster shall depute his assistants to all the entries to the
blasting face to prevent inadvertent entry of any person.
20. Firing of the shots shall not take place before 1:00 PM in first shift and 9:00
PM in second shift.
21. No person shall enter the blasting site after blast until the face is completely
clear of blasting fumes and dust.
4.3 SOP FOR DEALING WITH MISFIRE IN DEVELOPMENT FACE
1) Fence off all the entrances to the working place where misfire is reported, to
prevent inadvertent entry of the persons.
2) No person other than persons required to deal with the misfire shall be
allowed to the working place.

3) Before entering into the working area, ensure that it is adequately ventilated
and is clear of any smoke/dust/fumes. If it is a blind heading and is ventilated by an
auxiliary fan, ensure that the fan is running before entering into the area.
4) Spray water in the working face and the surrounding area from a safe place to
5) Dress down loose in the back and sides of the working area from a safe place.
A pinch bar of adequate length shall be used for loose dressing.
6) Ensure that the back of the working area is properly supported by roof bolt or
7) If there is a detonator in the misfired shot, the leads thereof shall be attached
by a string to the shot firing cable or some distinctive marker.
8) Where the misfire is due to a faulty cable or faulty connection, the shot
should be fired as soon as possible after removal of the defect.
9) If the misfire is due to defective detonator or faulty priming, the stemming
material may be sledged out with compressed air and water under pressure with
suitable blower of non-ferrous metal. The hole shall thereafter be reprimed and fired.
10) If the defective cable, the defective detonator or faulty priming are not the
reasons of misfire, a relieving hole should be drilled parallel to the misfired shot hole
and it should not be less than 30 cm from the misfired shot at any point. The new hole
should be drilled in the presence of a blaster, preferably the same person who fired the
shot. The relieving hole then should be charged and fired.
11) Recharging and firing of the relieving shot shall be carried out at the end of
the shift by taking proper precautions as per the “SOP FOR CHARGING AND FIRING IN
DEVELOPMENT FACE”.
12) After firing the relieving shot, a careful search for the cartridge and
detonators, if any, should be made by the shot firer in the blasted material.
13) As far as possible the search for detonators and cartridges and the loading of
any ore/ stone which may contain a detonator, shall be carried out without the aid of
tools.

4.4 SOP FOR LARGE DIAMETER BLAST HOLE DRILLING
4.4.1 SITE PREPARATION FOR LDBH DRILLING
1. Ensure that working site is well ventilated.
2. Suitable place for the drilling has to be made for accommodating the drill
machine.
3. The back and sides of drive shall be well supported with the rock bolts as per
SSR.
4. The floor of the drive shall be cleaned, so that misfires, if, any can be detected
and dealt with as per the relevant SOP by a blaster.
5. Special care shall be taken to use a non-ferrous blow out pipe through which
compressed air is forced inside the sockets for cleaning.
6. Travelling road to the working site shall be dressed and well supported.
4.4.2 SOP FOR SHIFTING OF LDBH DRILL MACHINE
1. The machine parts shall be shifted/lowered/hoisted to drill sites carefully
under supervision of a competent person.
2. Shifting/ hoisting/ lowering of drilling machine parts shall be done only by the
persons trained for the job.
3. All the persons engaged in shifting work shall compulsorily use suitable
Personal Protective Equipments like Hand Gloves, Goggles etc.
4. Ensure use of proper equipments such as slings, trolley, long levers (Bars), etc.
5. Load drill rods/ drill tubes or any other machine parts on a trolley in orderly
manner, side by side and then one above the other and tie it properly with a sling/
rope to the chassis of the trolley to prevent inadvertent fall during shifting.
6. Before shifting, ensure that sufficient clearance is there in both side of the
track and the track and sides should be clear of any obstruction.
7. Use winch for hoisting and lowering of heavy machine parts in raises/ winzes.

8. Before operating the winch, ensure that the winch is in good working
condition.
9. Ensure that all persons are secured with proper slings and hand gloves before
loading/ unloading of machine parts into/ from the winch bucket/skip.
10. Ensure that only such numbers of persons who are required for the job are
present at the site.
11. Ensure that the sollars, backing timbers, guides (rope/timber/rail) are in good
condition.
4.5 LONG HOLE DRILLING
1. Ensure that drill planes are marked as per design by the Surveyor.
2. Ensure sufficient numbers of holes in required direction, in each drill plane to
cover full width of ore body between successive levels/sub-levels.
3. Effective supervision shall be exercised for checking and maintaining drilling
direction to avoid deviation. (Deviation of holes may increase dilution percentage
during extraction of ore and may also create rock mechanics problems.)
4. Before entering into the working area, ensure that it is adequately ventilated
and is clear of any smoke/dust/fumes.
5. Dress down loose in the back and sides of the working area. A pinch bar of
6. Ensure drill crew wears PPE (i.e. Hand gloves, Respirators, Eye goggles and
Ear plugs).
7. Ensure drill crew stands in the intake side, to avoid exposure to dust
contaminated air.
8. Follow the check list before starting the machine:
ii) Ensure that all the compressed air pipe joints, couplings, flanges and valves
are properly fitted and free of any leakages and are well supported.
iii) Ensure that all hose connections are properly tightened.
iv) Tighten all bolt and nuts in the machine.
v) Check the hydraulic oil level in the tank.

vi) Refill the lubricator tank with suitable and recommended oil.
vii) Check the lubricator valve for proper regulating of oil.
viii) Check the conditions of the extension rods, coupling sleeves, shank adapters,
drill tubes and apply grease on threads/ adapters.
ix) Ensure that the cross bits and buttons of the button bits are grinded properly
to a suitable size and shape for drilling.
x) Ensure that persons engaged in grinding the bits with pencil grinder are
wearing goggles and hand gloves.
9. Ensure that the machine orientation and angle of the hole set by the machine
is as per the design.
10.Before starting of the machine ensure the operator with control unit should stand
at least 3 meters away from the machine.
11.Collaring of the hole should be done slowly to avoid deviation of the hole. Casing
should be drilled until hard ground is encountered.
12.While removing the drill tubes, place the rod spanners tightly against the drill tube
to avoid slipping of the rod. While adding or removing rods wear hand gloves and hold
the rod firmly to avoid slipping.
13.Ensure that nobody is standing nearby while the rod is tightened by giving rotation.
14.Ensure proper operation of the water pump before starting the machine. Avoid dry
drilling and always perform wet drilling.
15.Flush the drill hole at regular interval to avoid choking of the hammer/ drill bit by
drill cuttings.
16.Whenever flushing of hole is being done, the collar of hole shall be covered properly
and the operator & his helper shall wear eye goggles and stand at a safe distance.
17.Special care shall be taken to warn and restrict the movement of persons when drill
holes are getting through to the main level / sub-level. The section officers / In-charge
foreman shall be responsible for warning all the persons working in such level / sub-
level.
18.Whenever drilling nearby a winze, ensure that the winze collar is suitably covered
up with rails, clamps and wooden planks.

4.6 SOP FOR DISMANTLING & ASSEMBLING OF DRILLING MACHINE
4.6.1 SOP FOR ASSEMBLING OF DRILLING MACHINE (BBC)
1) Assembling should be done only by the persons trained for the job.
2) Assembling of drill rigs should be done under the supervision of Asst. Foreman
or Senior Maistry/Head Maistry and the same shall be ensured by the Incharge
Foreman.
3) Ensure that only such numbers of persons who are required for the job are
5) Spray water in the working place and the surrounding area from a safe place
to suppress dust and to prevent generation of dust.
6) Dress down loose in the back and sides of the working area. A pinch bar of
8) Ensure sufficient width and height of the working area where assembling/
dismantling can be carried out easily. Assembling should be carried out on a level
ground.
9) Use proper tools like spanners, wrenches etc. and ensure that they are in
good condition.
10) All the persons engaged in assembling work shall compulsorily use suitable
Personal Protective Equipment’s like Hand Gloves, Goggles etc.
11) Before, ensure that all parts of the machine/ hose pipes/ joints and other
accessories are in good condition.
12) Place the bottom channels on the level ground, and assemble it.
13) Place the vertical post on the bottom channels and locked by lock pin.
14) Assemble the table supporting channels, and ensure that bolts are tightened.
15) Slowly raise the vertical posts.

16) Place the jack and lock the jack with the lock pin to vertical post supporting
channel and bottom channel.
17) Place the turn table on the supporting channels with help of chain block, and
screw the table screw through the side bush and turn table bush slowly.
18) Tighten the side bush Bolts.
19) Angle frame is lifted and positioned on the table, and tighten the bolts and
table Centre bush is placed and tightened.
20) Place the mast on the angle frame and tighten the mast bolts.
21) Tilt the angle to flat angle, and tighten the angle frame bolts.
22) Insert the cradle plate into the mast, and feed screwed into the cradle plate
bush.
23) Assemble the feed motor and tighten the stud bolts.
24) Tilt the mast to vertical position and tighten the angle frame bolts.
25) Place the drifter on the cradle plate and tighten the side bolts and head bolts.
26) Blow out all the hose pipe connections and assemble to the control unit
drifter and feed motor.
4.6.2 SOP FOR ASSEMBLING OF DRILLING MACHINE (BVB)
27) Assembling should be done only by the persons trained for the job.
28) Assembling of drill rigs should be done under the supervision of Asst. Foreman
or Senior Maistry/Head Maistry and the same shall be ensured by the Incharge
Foreman.

dismantling can be carried out easily. Assembling should be carried out on a level
ground.
good condition.
36) All the persons engaged in assembling work shall compulsorily use suitable
Personal Protective Equipments like Hand Gloves, Goggles etc.
38) Assemble the two frames keeping it in level ground and properly tightening
the frame with suitable size bolts.
39) Assemble the two front tires, ensure that tires are good condition with fully
inflated, hub and hub bolts are in good condition.
40) Assemble the leveling jack on both sides, ensure the base plate rests on the
level ground, and the jack is raised to sufficient height to fix the rear wheel holder and
rear tire.
41) Assemble the traction unit, traction motor and tow bar properly with suitable
size bolts and nuts.
42) Boom is anchored and fixed in pieces to the Centre frame ensure that lock pin
is fixed properly.
43) Hydraulic cylinder is properly assembled and locked by lock pin.
44) Hydraulic tank is fixed and hydraulic hose connections are properly
connected.
45) Ensure that boom is lowered to suitable height to fix boom head and feed
beam.
46) Boom head (vertical angle frame) is properly assembled with suitable size
bolts.
47) Feed beam (horizontal angle frame) is properly fixed to the groove provided in
the boom head.
48) Place the one end of the beam (mast) to the feed beam and then raise slowly.

49) Anchor the beam (mast) to the feed beam by using spacer, wear rail, guide
rail, and clamps.
50) Assemble the Worm gear properly.
51) Fix the chain, care should be taken to tie a thread to the chain and passed
through the worm gear, ball bearing, pulley wheel, and then chain is locked.
52) Assemble the cradle plate, spacer, chain guide and driver. Ensure that chain is
placed between chain guide and driver and then fix the cradle plate.
53) Gear housing is assembled properly by using suitable size bolts; planetary gear
is assembled to the air motor using suitable stud bolts.
54) On worm gear Planetary gear is assembled to the air motor using suitable
stud bolts.
55) Ensure that all hose pipe is blown out before connecting.
56) Joints and fittings of hose pipes should be assembled and tied properly to the
chassis or GI pipes with nylon strap to eliminate the possibility of injuries due to
disconnection or bursting of hose pipes.
57) Incase where the machine cannot be assembled due to restriction of
dimension in drives, crosscuts, timbers shall be used to fix the beam (drill mast).
58) While fixing the beam (drill mast) set on timber, ensure that the timbers are
fixed securely and tightened against the walls.
59) Secure the beam (drill mast) at required angle on the timber with long bolts
and lock plates and tighten properly.
60) Joints and fittings of hose pipes should be assembled and tied properly to the
chassis or GI pipes with nylon strap to eliminate the possibility of injuries due to
disconnection or bursting of hose pipes.
61) In case where machine cannot be assembled due to restriction of dimension
in drives/ cross cuts, timbers shall be used to fix the drill mast.
62) While fixing the mast set on timber, ensure that the timbers are fixed securely
and tightened against the walls.
63) Secure the mast at required angle on the timber with long size bolts and lock
plates and tighten properly.

4.6.3 SOP FOR DISMANTLING OF DRILLING MACHINE (BVB)
1) Dismantling should be done only by the persons trained for the job.
2) Dismantling of drill rigs should be done under the supervision of Asst.
Foreman or Senior Maistry/Head Maistry and the same shall be ensured by the In
charge Foreman.
dismantling can be carried out easily. Dismantling should be carried out on a level
ground.
good condition.
10) All the persons engaged in dismantling work shall compulsorily use suitable
12) Ensure that all the 3 tires are inflated with compressed air.
13) Ensure that compressed air is cut off (main valve closed), and the pressure be
released by operating feed valve.
14) Ensure all hose connections are disconnected.
15) Ensure all tools (spanner & wrenches) are in good condition.

16) Before dismantling the air motor and planetary gear from gear housing and
worm gear, ensure that gear housing is lowered to the last point.
17) Dismantle the gear housing from the mast.
18) Dismantle the cradle plate and drill tube support.
19) Dismantle the chain from mast.
20) Dismantle the worm gear from the mast.
21) Ensure that mast is anchored to the roof before loosening the mast bolts, and
lower it slowly.
22) Ensure that boom is lowered to a suitable height to dismantle feed beam and
boom head.
23) Dismantle feed beam (horizontal angle frame).
24) Dismantle the boom head.
25) Anchor the boom to the roof bolt before dismantling the hydraulic cylinder.
26) Disconnect the hydraulic hose connections from hydraulic cylinder and
hydraulic tank.
27) Dismantle the hydraulic cylinder.
28) Lower the anchored boom to the ground level, and remove the boom lock
pin.
29) Dismantle the hydraulic tank.
30) Dismantle the tow bar and traction unit.
31) Dismantle the rear tire and rear tire holder.
32) Support the frame by providing bottom packing. Raise the jack and dismantle
the jack from the frame.
33) Remove the front tires.
34) Dismantle the channels and all parts are kept aside.
35) After dismantling the machine, keep all the parts of the machine aside and
should not obstruct the pathway.

4.6.4 SOP FOR DISMANTLING OF DRILLING MACHINE (BBC)
36) Dismantling should be done only by the persons trained for the job.
37) Dismantling of drill rigs should be done under the supervision of Asst.
Foreman or Senior Maistry/Head Maistry and the same shall be ensured by the In
charge Foreman.
dismantling can be carried out easily. Dismantling should be carried out on a level
ground.
good condition.
45) All the persons engaged in dismantling work shall compulsorily use suitable
47) Before the compressed air is cut off lower the drifter to the last point and
supported by planks/ sleepers.
48) Ensure that compressed air is cut off (main valve closed), and the pressure be
released by operating feed valve.
49) Ensure all hose connections are disconnected.
50) Ensure all tools (spanner & wrenches) are in good condition.

51) The drifter side bolts and head bolts should be loosened simultaneously.
52) Crow bar should be used to dismantle drifter from the cradle plate and ensure
that no person should be close to the machine except the person dismantling.
53) Feed motor should be dismantled after lowering the feed motor position to
comfortable height by tilting angle frame and tightening it.
54) Ensure that mast should not be dismantled unless feed motor is dismantled.
55) Feed screw to be dismantled after dismantling of feed motor.
56) After dismantling of feed screw the cradle plate is removed.
57) Mast bolts are loosened and slowly lowered using long crow bar.
58) Ensure that angle frame is anchored before removing the Centre bush from
the table.
59) After removing the center bush angle frame bolts loosened and lowered
slowly.
60) Turn Table should be moved to one end and then anchored by rope or chain
to roof bolt.
61) Remove the side bush of the table screw.
62) Unscrew the table screw to remove the screw, and by using crow bar the turn
table is removed.
63) Ensure that no person is in front of the machine while removing turn table.
64) Supporting channels are dismantled.
65) Ensure that vertical posts are anchored to the roof bolt before jack is
dismantled.
66) Lower the vertical posts slowly and then side poles are dismantled.
67) Dismantle the bottom channels.
68) After dismantling the machine, keep all the parts of the machine aside and
should not obstruct the pathway.
69) Use chain blocks for lifting and lowering of heavy machine parts. The chain
block should be of suitable capacity and in good condition.
70) After assembling, ensure that all safety lock pins are securely locked and all
bolt and nuts are tightened properly.

4.7 SOP FOR SITE PREPARATION/ BLOWING OF HOLES FOR LDBH BLAST
5) Check if any misfire is there and if found deal with it as per procedure laid
down in the “SOP FOR DEALING WITH MISFIRES IN LDBH STOPE BLAST”.
6) Wear Personal Protective Equipment’s i.e. Hand Gloves, Dust Mask and
Goggles.
7) As the crew proceeds to the stope edge, go on checking depth of the holes in
each drill plane and ensure that pillar is safe and sufficient for men to work.
8) Before starting any work in the stope edge, ensure that everybody wears
safety sling. Slings shall be secured to a roof bolt/ stull by 12 mm nylon rope. Ensure
that the nylon rope is in good condition.
9) If big size stone is there, break it by a hammer. See that the hammer handle is
in good condition.
10) Before breaking the boulder, clean the boulder surface with water to prevent
fly rock.
11) For blowing of holes, follow the procedure stated below:
i)Drain the water, if any, in the compressed air pipeline by operating the moisture trap
valve.
ii) Check the blowing pipe joints/ couplings and ensure that it is tightly fixed.
iii) Ensure that the whole length of the casing pipe is in good condition.
iv) Cover the collar of the hole partially by an iron basin and secure it in position
by putting the leg over it before blowing to deflect the drill cuttings/ rock pieces
coming out of the hole away from the persons engaged in blowing.

v) If the hole is inclined, nobody should stand in front of the hole.
vi) When blowing is in progress no other activity should be carried out inside the
5m radius area from the hole.
vii) If the blowing pipe is struck inside the hole while blowing, close the
compressed air valve first then pull the pipe for releasing it.
viii) Close the compressed air valve before releasing the blowing pipe out of the
hole.
ix) If the hole is choked and the cuttings are not coming out of the holes, pour
water inside the hole and continue blowing, till required depth is obtained.
x) Once blowing of holes is completed measure the depth of the holes and
record in the book.
12) After blowing of holes is completed, plug the hole in collar with wooden
wedges.
4.8 TRANSPORTATION OF EXPLOSIVES
1. While explosives in bulk are lowered or raised in the cage, a red flag shall be
attached to the cage. Also the blaster shall travel in the same cage.
2. The banksman shall inform the winding engine driver before giving signal for
lowering/ raising the cage carrying explosives. The cage shall be lowered/ raised gently.
3. A special container shall be used for lowering of explosive cases from level to
level / sub-level.
4. Avoid dropping of explosive cases from height.
5. All unused or balance explosives, detonators, etc. shall be removed from the
site and returned to the magazine as soon as possible.
4.9 SOP FOR CHARGING & FIRING (LDBH)
1. Check plotting of all holes. If any hole is found to extend beyond the designed
depth or deviated inside the wall rock, plug the hole upto the designed ore body limit.

2. All holes should be blown with compressed air so that any water or drill
cuttings are removed from the hole.
3. Plug all through holes at the bottom with wooden wedges and PVC tape.
Tighten the wedges by pulling the PVC tape and tie it in a roof bolt or stull. Before
tightening the wedges, ensure that the hole has been plugged effectively by dropping a
small piece of stone inside the hole and hearing the sound.
4. For bottom stemming of the holes, pour coarse stone pieces followed by fine
drill cuttings up to a length of 0.5 m and 0.3 m in case of 115 mm and 57 mm dia. holes
respectively.
For stemming of 57 mm dia. upward holes, use stemming clay. Stemming clay should
neither be too dry or too wet.
5. For charging of 115 mm and 57 mm dia. holes, use explosive cartridges of 83
mm and 40 mm dia. respectively. Ensure that the cartridges go inside the hole
smoothly. No cartridge shall be forcibly pushed inside the hole. If any cartridge is found
to get struck midway inside the hole, stop charging and remove the cartridge clear the
obstruction by the blowing pipe.
6. Use cap-sensitive and non-cap-sensitive explosives at a ratio of 1:3 and 1:2 in
stope blast and drop raise blast respectively, if not specified otherwise.
7. Ensure that maximum charge per delay does not exceed 220 Kg to avoid
excessive ground vibration and consequent damage to surface/ underground
structures.
8. Priming cartridges should be prepared at the site and only when it is required
for immediate use.
9. For top stemming of downward holes, use fine drill cuttings/ sand. Top
stemming should be not less than 1m and 0.5 m in case of 115 mm and 57 mm dia.
holes respectively.
10. In charging or stemming a shot hole, no metallic tool, scraper or rod shall be
used.

11. When using NONEL or Detonating Fuse for initiation of the explosive column,
ensure that the electric delay detonators are properly connected.
12. Before connecting the lead wires of the electric delay detonators, ensure that
the bare portion of the lead wires are not rusted. If it is rusted, use a cutter to expose
the fresh wire. Wrap the lead wire joints with insulation tape to avoid earthing and
contact with conductive materials.
13. Take care to prevent the cable from coming in to contact with any power of
lighting cable or other electrical apparatus.
Testing of the circuit shall be carried out by the blaster only and by taking same
precautions as taken for firing the shots.
15. Firing of shots shall only be done by an exploder approved by the DGMS.
16. No current from a signaling, lighting or power circuit shall be used for firing
shots.
17. The blaster shall retain the key of the exploder in his possession throughout
the shift.
18. Before coupling the cable to the exploder, the blaster shall himself couple up
the cable to the detonator leads.
19. The shots shall be fired from a place at least 300 m away from the stope in
horizontal direction. The place shall not be in the return airway. In no case the place
from where shots are fired shall be in the same stope.
20. Firing of the shots shall be done at 2:45 p.m. and 10:45 p.m. in 7 a.m. shift
and 3 p.m. shift respectively i.e. in between the shifts. Before firing, the Blasting
Foreman and the blaster shall contact with the respective Foreman In-charges of all
other sections and ensure that all persons in the mine have been evacuated from
underground workings.

4.10 SOP FOR DEALING WITH MISFIRES IN LONG HOLE BLAST
1) Fence off all the entrances to the working place where misfire is reported, to
prevent inadvertent entry of the persons.
2) No person other than persons required to deal with the misfire shall be
allowed to the working place.
and is clear of any smoke/dust/fumes. If the site is ventilated by an auxiliary fan,
ensure that the fan is running before entering into the area.
5) Dress down loose in the back and sides of the working area from a safe place.
A pinch bar of adequate length shall be used for loose dressing.
7) If there is a detonator in the misfired shot, the leads thereof shall be attached
by a string to the shot firing cable or some distinctive marker.
8) Where the misfire is due to faulty connection, the same shall be corrected
and shots shall be fired as per the SOP specified for firing of long holes in a stope.
9) If the surface connectors have not fired, replace the same with new one with
appropriate delay and fire the shots as per the SOP specified for firing of long holes in a
stope.
10) If the misfire is due to faulty NONEL or Detonating Fuse, the stemming
material shall be sledged out with compressed air and water under pressure with
suitable blower of non-ferrous metal. The hole shall thereafter be reprimed and fired
as per the SOP specified for firing of long holes in a stope.

CHAPTER - 5
Labs In HGML
5.1 Introduction
HGML Laboratory is well established and having half a century experience in
the business. The staff& officials are well qualified and trained in the field. The assays
are comparable in any standard international Laboratories.
HUTTI GOLD UNIT is having DST recognized R&D Lab having instruments like
AAS, Spectrophotometer, Knelson Falcon concentrator& James table. Analytical R&D
facility for gold ore is available to outsiders on payment basis.
Settings up of a BIO REACTOR PLANT first of its kind in India for Bio treatment
of Refractory Gold ore.
5.1.1 Assay and R&D Lab:
Activities involved in Assay lab/Sample testing are
· Crushing of underground samples
· Filtering and drying of grinding sample
· Fluxing
· Parting
· Making couples
· Scrapping of crucibles
· Refractory work
· Preparation of solution as cyanide antidotes
· Miscellaneous work to find assay values of mine and mill samples

Lab Equipment’s
1. AAS
2. Spectrometer
3. K’nelson and
4. Falcon concentrator
5. Games table and Denver floatation cell
Activities carried out in R&D lab
· Quality control
· Pollution Control
1. Air pollution(process emission flue gas emission ambient air monitoring)
2. Effluent analysis
3. Domestic sewage analysis
· Mineral analysis
· To carry out /involve in R&D project works taken up by the company
· Prepare a solutions required for R&D works
· To be any other works assigned from time to time
5.1.2 DBT Plant
This LAB is India’s NO.1 LAB for Gold Analysis
Demonstration Bioreactor plant with the collaboration of depart of Bio-
technology, Government of India have been setup to maximize from the refractory ore
since the resource of Freon gold ore are limited
Due to limitation of processing of refractory ore through the concenter a led
smelting route, alternative recovery route such as Bio-leaching need to be pursued

vigorously.
A major initiative has been taken by HGMLL through the setting up Of DBT Plant
being the 1st kind of its in India. Gold ore occurs in the native form in a conventional
process with a cyanide to stabilize Gold-Cyanide complex whereas in case gold ores are
found to be refractory in nature i.e.., gold is associated with sulphides such as pyrite
and arsenopyrite. In the absence of prior bio-treatment direct cyanidation of a
refractory gold leaching sulphide will yield only 30-40% while after bio-Liberation the
Gold recovery can be enhanced to more than 80-90%, It’s being planned to upstage the
demonstrator plant to a large value plant for G.R halli and Ajjanahalli refractory ores.
5.2 FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS
 100% of the respondently says that they have attended training program
 61%of the respondently say that raining programs are conducted at unit level for the
students
 58% of the employees find it easy to apply the training undergone and 41% find it
difficult
 61% of respondent’s states that the major techniques adopted in the training
program are on the job training
 58% of the repondently say that training and development program is conducted
need based,17%say monthly,16% say annually and 9% say weekly
 About 61% of the respondents have agreed that objectives of training program had
been explained to them before attending the training program.
 76% of the respondent’s say that they have not faced any difficulties in training
program.
 From the analysis,48% of the respondently say that the company evaluates the
effectiveness of training program by interacting with the dept head
 100% of the respondents agree that there is an opportunity to develop new skills
through training and development program.
 All respondents i.e. 100% of respondents said that training is necessary in the
organization to create effective and efficient work to improve relationship between
employer and employees to provides guidelines for work

 Majority of the training programs are conducted at department level because the
management observes that the department level beneficial to their employees
 most of the employees opinioned that training program should be conduct in
department level, because it would help to employees in obtaining accurate
knowledge and concentrate on training program
 most of the training program conducted by internal executives knows the present
requirements of the employees.
 Most of the respondents i.e., opined that the training program is related to work
situation
 Most of the employees i.e.,80% said that training program is related to work situation
 Most of the respondents i.e. 85% opened regarding trading program as it is easy to
apply the training which they have undergone because it is practicable to apply in the
work
 Most of the respondents i.e. 85% said they are fully satisfied with training program
because it plays a vital role in the improving the performance
 Most of the respondents i.e. 85% opined that training rewired for 10-15 year’s
experience holder
5.3 Environmental policy
Achieve sustainable development and maintain safer and eco friendly mining
HGMLL commits to progressively implementing environmental management policy by
1. accepting environmental responsibility for all our actions
2. strengthening our relationships with the community
3. integrating environment management into the way we work
4. minimizing the environmental impious of our activates
5. encouraging responsible production
6. continually improving our environmental performance
7. communicating our environmental performance

5.4 Future plans of HGML
 Deepening of the existing shafts and associated work like Coarse ore bin, crusher
chamber, fine ore bin, belt conveyor and measuring flask will be installed in Hutti Mine.
 Underground Exploration by Diamond Drilling and Primary Development from 24th
Level to 30th Level to establish depth persistence of ore body.
 Detailed exploratory mining at Hutti South Block
 Detailed Surface exploratory by Diamond Drilling at Hutti North (Northern portion of
major Dyke)
 Development of Main Reef (Main Mine)
 Development of Grey's Shaft
 Development of Hutti New East Reef
 Exploration by Surface & Underground Diamond Drilling to identify the resource
along the strike direction as well as depth continuity at Hutti Mine.
 A new mineral beneficiation plant (Sag and Ball Mill) for treating 2000 tonnes per day
is in erection stage. And likely to be commissioned by May 2009.
 The present ore reserves at Hutti Mines up to 2000 feet level would be exhausting by
the year 2011. HGML is already developing the depths between 2000 feet and 2600
feet which will be the second phase of the expansion and modernization programme.
Further development below ground between 2600 feet level and 3000 feet is already
envisaged and preparations are on. This expansion and modernization will further
sustain the life of the mine.
5.5 Conclusion
The Hutti Gold Mines Company Limited has rightly recognized that the quality
of training ultimately determines that success of the organization and to improve man
power, quality, skills and ability to effectively work in the organization. it should
organize several training programs to the Students Through the organization efforts in
this area are appreciated, it is felt that the more is needed to improve the quality of
training like time saving less scrape, it should be practical Further the organization is

needed to design activities such as specific skills, current knowledge. Therefore further
needs of Students would be taken by training and development. Lastly the researcher
has concluded by giving training and development employees can improve their skills
and attitude towards their job and they can reach their individual goals with those
organization goals too.
5.6 Executive Summary
Hutti Gold Mines Company Limited company limited (HGML’s) a government of
Karnataka undertaking (established in 1947 as Hyderabad gold mines) has the unique
distinction of being the only produce of primary gold in the country. Training and a
development plays a vital role in the every organization the process, by which the
training and development identify what type of training method should be offered is
nothing but applying some concepts of Extraction of Gold from Ore In this study an
attempt has been made to explain application of training strategy in organization,
talking the example Hutti Gold Mines Company Limited. it is essential that we go
through the concepts of training and development. A number of expert have expressed
their view regarding training and development which found acting like government
institution it is a place for gold extraction process. And it is only one gold mine in
throughout India. As the specialized Hutti Gold Mines Company Limited is growing in
number. Each training to create a distinct positioning for it in the world. Every
organization trying to create a unique identity
5.7 BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.deccangoldmines.com
www.hgml.com
www.en.wikipedia.org
www.google.com
www.designgroup.in

AIRFOIL
SRITS - DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGG Page 57

Vijay final report on HGML

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Vijay final report on HGML