Ch 22.2
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After WWII, Europe was divided between the Western-aligned countries supported by the US and the Eastern bloc led by the Soviet Union. This division marked the beginning of the Cold War between the two superpowers. The US sought to contain the spread of communism through policies like the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan, which provided military and economic aid to countries resisting Soviet influence. In response, the Soviet Union established the Warsaw Pact for mutual defense of Eastern European communist states. Both NATO and the Warsaw Pact aimed to protect their members against potential aggression from the opposing alliance through military cooperation.
Ch 22.2
- 1. CHAPTER 22 Section 1: Aftermath of War in Europe Section 2: Origins of the Cold War Europe and North America in the Postwar Years
- 2. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War NATO Warsaw Pact Both Bell Ringer 22.2: What are the similarities and differences between NATO and the Warsaw Pact?
- 3. A new rivalry emerges after World War II … SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War
- 4. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War EASTERN BLOC WESTERN BLOC United States supported by Western democracies and noncommunist nations. Soviet Union and its allies of communist Countries. This struggle quickly became known as the COLD WAR.
- 5. Political Cartoon Origins of the Cold War
- 6. Two sides were very different… Completely different economic and political systems Each side believed that its system should be the model for European reconstruction. Each side was concerned about future security. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War
- 7. The “Iron Curtain” In a speech in Fulton, Missouri -Winston Churchill said that “…an ‘iron curtain’ has descended across the Continent …” … became a short-hand reference to the division of Europe as the Cold War strengthened. The Iron Curtain served to keep people in and information out of communist controlled countries. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War
- 8. Political Cartoon Origins of the Cold War
- 9. Political Cartoon Origins of the Cold War
- 10. United States aids Europe… Civil war broke out in Greece in 1944 between communists and conservatives. GB had intervened and declared a truce. In 1946 the communists renewed the war. In February 1947, the British told Truman they could no longer afford to keep their soldiers in Greece. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War
- 11. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War 12 Mar 1947 – President Truman addresses Congress and set forth a policy that is called the Truman Doctrine.
- 12. Truman Doctrine Declared the US must consider the continued spread of communism to be a threat to democracy The US would support free peoples resisted takeover by communism Asked Congress to provide $400 million to help defend Greece and Turkey from communist aggression SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War
- 13. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War We would NOT stamp out communism where it already existed. But if a country requested assistance to prevent a communist takeover, We would offer materials, money, and technical assistance. The United States committed itself to restrict or contain the spread of communism. CONTAINMENT
- 14. Visual Source Origins of the Cold War This illustration from the July 16, 1948, U.S. News magazine shows the beginnings of American containment policy. The U.S. is seen sending troops, advisors and weapons to Turkey in hopes that the country will resist communism and remain democratic.
- 15. Marshall Plan On June 5, 1947, Secretary of State George Marshall announced the European Recovery Program. To avoid antagonizing the Soviet Union, Marshall announced that the purpose of sending aid to Western Europe was completely humanitarian, and even offered aid to the communist states in the east. … created an economic miracle in Western Europe. By the target date of the program four years later, Western European industries were producing twice as much as they had been the year before war broke out. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War
- 16. Political Cartoon Origins of the Cold War
- 17. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War
- 18. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War
- 19. SECTION 2 Origins of the Cold War members relied heavily on U.S. nuclear weapons as a deterrent to aggression members pledged to supply troops in proportion to their population in case of attack meant to pro- vide protection for member nations in case of attack NATO Warsaw Pact Both
- 20. CHAPTER 22