Alternative building materials - Module-1 - Introduction
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The document discusses alternative building materials and their various environmental impacts, including embodied energy, pollution, and sustainability concerns. It outlines the principles of eco-friendly construction techniques, energy efficiency, and the importance of life cycle assessment in the building industry. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for green building ratings and offers insights into materials suitable for different climatic conditions.
Alternative building materials - Module-1 - Introduction
- 1. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Alternative Building Materials 15CV653 ABHILASH B.L. M.Tech, IGBC-AP. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, VidyaVardhaka College of Engineering, Mysuru – 570002.
- 2. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) • Energy in building materials, • Environmental issues concerned to building materials, • Embodied energy and life-cycle energy, • Global warming in construction industry, • Green concepts in buildings, • Green building ratings – IGBC and LEED manuals – mandatory requirements, • Rainwater harvesting &solar passive architecture. • Environmental friendly and cost effective building technologies, • Requirements for buildings of different climatic regions Module -1 Introduction
- 3. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) 1 . Energy in Buildings & Building Materials • Embodied energy in building materials. • Energy consumption during building construction. • Energy utilized for maintenance during the life span of a building. • Energy spent in demolition of the building at the end of its life. • Embodied energy = the sum of energy inputs to make a product
- 4. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Embodied Energy • Initial Embodied Energy - Energy required to produce building. • Recurring Embodied Energy - Maintenance Energy- Energy required refurbishing and maintaining the building over its effective life.
- 5. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Embodied Energy U.S. energy consumption by sector Source: Architecture 2030 and Richard Stein 1977
- 6. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Embodied Energy (Carbon) Cradle-to-Gate : From Material extraction to Manufacturing gate. Cradle-to-Site : From Material extraction to Building site. Cradle-to-Grave : From Material extraction to End-of-life. ICE takes as boundary condition only ‘Cradle to Gate for general data (not regionally specific). Inventory_of_Carbon_and_Energy.pdf http://www.organicexplorer.co.nz/site/organicexplore/files/ICE%20Version%201.6 a.pdf Boundary conditions
- 7. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) For full cradle-to-grave cycle, energy inputs from: • Extraction of raw materials • Transportation to factory • Manufacture of product / components • Assembly of product / system • Transportation to site / point of sale • Installation / construction • Maintenance • Replacement • Disposal / re-purposing / recycling
- 8. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Embodied energy for building materials is often measured cradle-to-gate (extraction, transportation, manufacture, packaging)
- 9. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 10. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 11. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Life Cycle Assessment
- 12. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Life Cycle Assessment • LCA & LCCA • Life Cycle Analysis & Life Cycle Cost Analysis
- 13. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Environmental issues concerned to building materials • A particular building material can lead to a local environmental impact either in the form of pollution/health hazard or in the depletion of natural resources. • Building materials production using fossil fuel energies can cause global environmental problems like global warming
- 14. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) There is a need to mitigate these two kinds of environmental problems. Typical problems are discussed below. • Stone • Top soil for brick • Pollution by marble dust • Mangalore tile • Timber
- 15. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Global Warming.
- 16. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 17. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 18. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 19. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 20. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 21. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 22. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) • Green concepts in buildings
- 23. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 24. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 25. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 26. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 27. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 28. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) • Green building ratings – IGBC and LEED manuals – mandatory requirements, IGBC Green Homesrating system addresses green features under the following categories: Site Selection and Planning Water Efficiency Energy Efficiency Materials & Resources Indoor Environmental Quality Innovation & Design Process The various levels of rating awarded are: Certification Level Recognition Certified Best Practices Silver Outstanding Performance Gold National Excellence Platinum Global Leadership
- 30. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) • Eco-Friendly is the act of living with intent. The intent is focused on not creating harm to environment through interactions. • What is mean by Eco – Friendly technology ? Eco-friendly technologies involved making use of alternative energy source which is abundant to generate renewable energy, reducing the amount of resource which is limited used through the conventional like fossil fuel. • There are various technologies and materials developed by various research organizations, innovators and manufacturers in India that are beneficial in the housing construction. Environmental friendly and cost effective building technologies,
- 31. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) The eco-friendly building materials represents a response from the building sector intended to reduce the environmental cost of making and using buildings. In the construction industry, selection of sustainable structural materials during the design phase leads to move towards more sustainable construction. Therefore, there is a need to select more eco-friendly building materials to be used in construction. Eco –Friendly Building Materials & Construction Techniques.
- 32. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) • To study the minimal impact on the local infrastructure. • To analyse new methods of work and manufacture that are less harmful to environment. • To study great longevity and cost effective construction. • Comparative study between conventional and eco-friendly building materials using sustainability measures.
- 33. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)
- 34. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) There are two sources through which we can manufacture materials (a) Renewable Source : The rapid renewable resources such as woods, teak, timbre etc. (b) Reuse of waste : By recycling/ reusing the salvage products like door, windows etc or agricultural / industrial waste like bagasse board etc. SOURCES OF MATERIALS
- 35. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Material / Product selection criteria • Resource Efficiency: natural/renewable, resource efficient manufacturing process, locally available, refurbished/ remanufactured, reusable/recyclable and durability. • Indoor Air Quality: IAQ is enhanced by utilizing materials of low or non- toxic, minimal chemical emission, moisture resistant and healthfully maintained. • Energy Efficiency: Those materials are preferred that require the minimal amount of energy at the time of construction of the concrete.
- 36. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) • Water Conservation: Materials that help us and conserve water in landscaped areas are preferred to be used or even help reduce water consumption in building materials. • Affordability: Affordability can be considered when building product life- cycle costs are comparable to conventional materials or as a whole, are within a project-defined percentage of the overall budget.
- 37. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) • Bricks / Blocks Stabilized • compressed earth blocks • Fly ash Lime Gypsum • bricks • Clay Fly ash burnt bricks • Marble slurry bricks • Boards & Panels • Coir Cement board • Ferro cement wall panel • Precast concrete L-panels • Fiber Reinforced wall • panels • Roofing sheets Pre-cast • walling roofing • Bamboo mat corrugated • sheets • Ferro cement roofing • Others Rat trap bond • Pre-cast concrete door/ • Fly ash/Red mud door & • panel product • Glass Reinforce Plastic • door frames • Fly ash Cellular concrete List of Some Eco-friendly Indian Building Materials
- 38. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653) Requirements for buildings of different climatic regions • Hot and Dry Climate • Hot and humid Climate (Warm & Humid) • Composite Climate • Tropical Upland Climate (Temperate) • Cold
- 39. Faculty - Mr. ABHILASH B.L ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS(15CV653)