1. For a 6 unit insulator string where the capacitance between each link/pin and earth is 0.1 of the self capacitance, the voltage across the lowest unit is 58.29% of the total voltage and the string efficiency is 58.29%.
2. For a 3 unit string where the link/pin capacitances to earth and line are 20% and 10% of the self capacitance, the voltage distribution is 0.31V, 0.303V, 0.387V with an efficiency of 86.13%. With a guard ring increasing the lower link/pin capacitance to 35% of the self capacitance, the voltage distribution is 0.3299V, 0.