First Aid.Irfans Presentation

Editor's Notes

• #11: Slide Show Notes Every medical emergency is different, of course, but there are four basic rules that apply to all medical emergencies. One, call for medical help immediately. An employee on the scene should call 911 while another certified in first aid and CPR tends to the victim. If you make the call, explain the kind of injury and where the victim is located. Two, bring help to the victim, don’t bring the victim to help. In other words, victims should not be moved unless they are in imminent danger where they are. Three, check the ABCs. “A” stands for airway. “B” stands for breathing. And “C” stands for circulation. That means check to make sure the throat is clear, the victim is breathing, and the victim has a pulse. A first-aid certified employee may be called upon to perform rescue breathing or CPR to keep the victim alive until EMS (emergency medical services) personnel arrive. And four, do no further harm. Be careful not to cause additional injuries in your attempt to help a victim.
• #13: Slide Show Notes Heavy bleeding is another serious medical emergency. If a co-worker is bleeding heavily, you have to stop the flow of blood while you wait for EMS personnel to arrive. Because of the risk of bloodborne diseases, you must wear gloves (from the first-aid kit, if possible) when administering first aid for bleeding. Next, cover the wound with a clean bandage from the first-aid kit. Then apply pressure with your hand directly over the wound. Do the same thing if a finger, hand, or other body part has been amputated. While you are applying pressure to the wound, have someone else place the amputated part in a plastic bag with ice. Make sure to wrap the severed part so that it doesn’t directly touch the ice. Give the package to EMS personnel or rush it to the hospital. In many cases, severed limbs can be reattached. Do you know where the nearest first-aid kit is located in your work area? You should. You should also know what materials the kit contains. Tell trainees where to find first-aid kits in their work areas. Show them a kit so that they become familiar with first-aid materials in the kit.
• #14: Slide Show Notes The first rule of dealing with electrical shock is not to touch a person who is in contact with a live electrical current. If you do, the current can pass right through the person to you and cause the same injury. So the first thing you should do is to turn off the power to the electrical equipment involved. Then call 911. Electrical shocks can be life threatening. You want to get EMS personnel on the scene quickly in case the victim has stopped breathing. If you have to remove a person from a live wire, be very careful so you don’t get a shock, too. Stand on something that’s an insulator, like a rubber mat; wear rubber gloves; and use a dry stick, wooden broom handle, or board to push the person away from the wire. Don’t use anything metal, wet, or damp. Once the victim is safe, check for breathing. Begin CPR if the person is not breathing.
• #15: Slide Show Notes Now let’s look at some specific medical emergencies. We’ll begin with no breathing. When a person is unconscious and not breathing, irreversible brain damage occurs within 3 minutes. You have to act very fast. Someone trained in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, should lay the person on his or her back while someone else calls 911. Loosen the clothes around the neck and make sure nothing is blocking the mouth or throat. First, give 30 chest compressions by placing both hands in the center of the victim’s chest with one hand on top of the other and pressing down with the heel of your hand 1½ to 2 inches. Press quickly at a rate of about 100 compressions a minute. Next, open the airway by tilting the head slightly and lifting under the chin. Do not move the victim’s head back if you suspect a neck injury. Form a seal around the mouth and pinch the nose. Use a pocket mask if you are trained in its proper use. Breathe two slow breaths into the person’s mouth—enough to make the chest rise and fall. Then, continue chest compressions. Once you begin CPR, continue until EMS personnel arrive.
• #16: Slide Show Notes Fainting can occur when blood pools in the legs, reducing the blood flow to the brain. People may faint when they are standing for a long time in the heat. Fainting can also be brought on by stress. Check a person who has fainted for breathing. If the person is not breathing, begin CPR. If the person does not regain consciousness within a few minutes after fainting, call for emergency medical assistance and continue to monitor breathing. Otherwise, if the person quickly regains consciousness, have the person lie down with feet slightly elevated. Loosen any tight clothing. Then allow the person to rest for 10 or 15 minutes until normal blood flow is restored, and the person feels all right again.
• #17: Slide Show Notes Signs that someone is having a heart attack include shortness of breath or difficulty breathing; anxiety; pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain in the center of the chest, radiating down either arm, or in the jaw; ashen color to skin, and perspiration, nausea, or vomiting. First aid for heart attacks begins with calling 911, Then make the victim comfortable, either lying down or sitting, Loosen tight clothing at the waist and neck, Ask the victim if he or she has heart medication, Don’t let the victim move around, and Finally, don’t give the person any stimulants like coffee or tea. If the heart stops beating, begin CPR. However, if the heart is beating and the person is breathing, CPR is not necessary. Just keep him or her comfortable until EMS personnel arrive.