Alexander ch01 lecture

Copyright © 2017, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced EMT
A Clinical-Reasoning Approach, 2nd Edition
Chapter 1
Introduction to
Advanced
Emergency Medical
Technician Practice

• Applies fundamental knowledge of the EMS
system, safety/well-being of the Advanced EMT,
and medical/legal and ethical issues to the
provision of emergency care.
Advanced EMT
Education Standard

1. Define key terms introduced in this chapter.
2. Describe the competencies, roles, responsibilities, and
professional characteristics of the Advanced EMT.
3. Describe the scope of practice of the Advanced EMT.
4. Place the roles and responsibilities of the Advanced EMT
in the larger contexts of emergency medical services
(EMS), health care, and public health.
5. Discuss key issues in the contemporary practice of the
Advanced EMT, including professionalism, the focus on
patient safety, research, and evidence-based practice.
Objectives

• AEMTs
– are a critical part of the emergency medical services
(EMS).
– provide comfort, emergency medical care, and
transportation.
– provide a link between patients and the health care and
public health systems.
Introduction

Think About It
• How should Jane and Kevin proceed?
• What are their overall goals in managing this
situation?
• What knowledge and skills do you think Jane and
Kevin will be calling on?

EMS and EMS Providers
• Initially, training focused on patients in MVCs and/
or cardiac arrest.
• Over time training has evolved to meet new
demands in EMS in a variety of situations.

The Contemporary EMS Profession (1
of 3)
• EMS knowledge defined in documents published
by NHTSA.
– National EMS Core Content
– National EMS Scope of Practice
– National EMS Education Standards

Figure 1-1
Advanced EMTs work in a variety of settings.

of 3)
• EMT Oath and EMT Code of Ethics describe the
professional conduct expected of EMS personnel.
• EMS providers must be aware of activities and
agendas of major EMS state and national
professional agencies and organizations.

of 3)
• EMS Agenda for the Future
– envisions EMS playing a much more important role in
health care
 mobile integrated healthcare (MIH)
 community paramedicine (CP)

EMS Provider Levels (1of 5)
• Four nationally recognized levels of EMS
providers
– Emergency medical responder (EMR)
– Emergency medical technician (EMT)
– Advanced emergency medical technician (AEMT)
– Paramedic

EMS Provider Levels (2 of 5)
• Emergency Medical Responders (EMRs)
– Provide simple, noninvasive treatments while awaiting
arrival of higher trained personnel
 identify and manage life threats
 basic airway skills, CPR, AED, bleeding control
 manual immobilization

• Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs)
– Provide emergency medical care and transportation.
 Use basic equipment supplied on an ambulance.
 Play a variety of roles in EMS systems.
 Trained to assess patients.

• Advanced EMT
– Training includes all knowledge and skills of EMRs and
EMTs.
– Able to provide limited number of advanced life support
(ALS) interventions.
– Must practice within the Scope of Practice approved by
state and EMS service physician medical director.

• Paramedics
– Allied health care professionals who provide complex
assessments and interventions for critical and
emergent patients.
– Complex understanding of anatomy, physiology,
pathophysiology, and treatment modalities.

Figure 1-5
Advanced EMT responsibilities include making sure equipment and the emergency vehicle
are prepared to respond to emergency calls.

Advanced EMT Roles and
Responsibilities (1 of 7)
• Advanced EMT’s authorization to practice is
based on
– state legislation
– employer policies and procedures
– guidance by a physician medical director

• Emergency vehicle readiness and operations
– Emergency vehicle must be in good mechanical repair
and driven safely.
– Vehicle must have adequate amount of required
equipment and supplies.

• Safety responsibilities
– own safety, and safety of coworkers, patients, and
others
– safe medication administration practices
– safety of public

Figure 1-6
Teamwork is required to integrate the tasks of patient care and patient transportation.

• Scene leadership, management, teamwork
– Be confident and in control
– Be empathetic
– Carry out the plan

• Patient assessment and management
– Ability to assess and manage patients who have a
variety of illnesses and injuries, from minor to critical.
– Be aware of the most current trends and practices in
EMS.
– Be willing to discard outdated knowledge and practice
to add new ones.

• Maintaining certification or licensure
– Individual professional obligation of each health care
provider
– Requirements include
 documentation of mandatory continuing education activities
 medical director verification of skills
 submission of CPR card
 payment of a fee

Figure 1-7
Advanced EMTs work closely with other health care and public safety providers.

• Working with other public safety and health care
personnel
– Emergency medical services are cross-disciplinary;
both public safety and health care personnel.
– Strive to maintain cooperative relationships with other
professionals.

Advanced EMT Professional
Characteristics (1 of 2)
• Professional characteristics defined by
– Expectations of public
– Professional group itself
– Other related professional groups
– Most visible way patients and families can judge
professionalism is through interactions with them

Advanced EMT Professional
Characteristics (2 of 2)
• Professional characteristics defined by (continued)
– Integrity
– Empathy
– Self-motivation
– Appearance and hygiene
– Self-confidence
– Communications
– Time management
– Teamwork
– Patient advocacy
– Careful delivery of service

Figure 1-8
Why is it so
important that EMS
personnel wear
uniforms?
Appearance and demeanor are critical elements of professionalism.

Chapter Summary
• AEMTs are an essential part of EMS and of the
health care and public health systems.
• AEMTs are health care professionals of whom the
public has high expectations.

Alexander ch01 lecture

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