Osm techniques and developemnt
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This document provides an overview of OpenStreetMap (OSM), including its major components, mapping techniques, data sources, editing tools, and rendering systems. OSM is a collaborative project that allows volunteers to collect and edit geographic map data that is made publicly available under an open license. Mappers can contribute data through GPS traces, photos, or paper maps, and edit map features using online or offline editors. OSM data is stored in a PostgreSQL database and rendered into tiles using Mapnik for display on websites and mobile apps through a "slippy map" interface.
Osm techniques and developemnt
- 1. OSM Techniques and Development of OpenStreetMap (OSM) at Dongpo Deng dongpo@iis.sinica.edu.tw Feb. 7. 2012 Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 2. Forbidden city 2012-01 Snapshot on 2012-1-20 Tuesday, February 7, 2012
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- 4. OSM and me • Do mapping in central TW and eastern NL • Edit ‘Map Feature’ (zh-tw) • Host Taiwanese mapping parties • My future work for OSM • Lobby for open geo-data • Establish TW local chapter of OSM • Do researches on OSM • Participate to SotM 2012 Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 5. The major components of OSM • Portal sites • Backend databases • Editors • Rendering systems • Data sources • Wiki documents • OSM APIs • Mapper communities Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 6. Go to map the world Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 7. Go to map the world • OpenStreetMap (OSM) is non-for- profit foundation • OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a collaborative project to create a free editable map of the world • Shared by OdbL 1.0 (Changed from By-SA 2.0 since 2012) Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 8. Grassroots mapping • Wiki-style editing environment • Open License, Open Geo Data • Volunteered Geographic Information Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 9. OSM can be used for... • Map browsing, • Map rendering, • Searching, • Reverse geocoding, • Exporting, • Online edition. Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 10. A simple way to contribute data • GPS traces • Geotagged Photos • Paper and pen (walking-papers.org) Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 11. As a OSM mapper, you not only upload data but also DRAW the map • Draw the map via uploaded GPS traces, arial and satellite images, etc • Edit the data attributes • Name, e.g. street, building • Street type • POI • Traffic artifact ... ,etc Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 12. Mappers drawing Taipei Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 13. Architecture of OSM Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 14. Map Editors Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 15. Front-end editors • Online • Potlatch (Popular!) • Mapzen • Amenity Editor • Offine • JSOM (Popular!) • Merkaartor • Plugins QGIS See more info http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Editors Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 16. Polatch2 Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 17. Mapzen mapzen.cloudmade.com Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 18. Amenity Editor http://ae.osmsurround.org/ae/index Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 19. JSOM Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 20. Merkaator http://merkaartor.be/ Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 21. OSM Plugins for QGIS Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 22. Mobile Editors • Apple iOS • iPhone • Symbian • Nokia • Andriod See more details http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Software Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 23. Data resources: GPS traces Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 24. Data resources: GPS traces Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 25. Data source: Online Mapping systems • Oline mapping systems and open geo-data resources • Yahoo! areal : way, landuse... • Landsat : main way, large landuse... • WMS services: OpenArialMap • Don't copy other map if the geodata contains copyright issues! Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 26. Open GeoData to OSM • CC-licenced geo-data resources directly import to OSM • AND (Automotive Navigation Data) : Netherlands, India and China • TIGER data on USA • Corine Land Cover (Estonia, Romania, Hungary and France) • Ordnance Survey (UK) • County of Brest, France • National parks (FR) • ... Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 27. Backend Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 28. Backend database: PostgreSQL • OSM doesn’t use geometry type of PostgreSQL and geospatial functions of PostGIS. • OSM API v0.6 is used for the main central OSM DB running on servers. • http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/API_v0.6 • Osmosis is used to populate a more general PostgreSQL/PostGIS DB from Planet.osm dump file. • http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Osmosis Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 29. Database schema Text Text Relation & old data User Data Tuesday, February 7, 2012
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- 33. Geometry model Node Way Open ployline Closed ployline Area Relation Tag See detail info http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Data_Primitives Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 34. Map feature • Key / value • higway = motorway • name = • ref = Fwy3 • maxspeed=110 • Recommended usage • (wiki:Map Features) • Consensus (Tagwatch, OSMdoc) • Homogeneity : data reuse • Requirement adjust Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 35. Rendering system Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 36. Mapnik www.mapnik.org • OSM uses Mapnik to render 256 X 256 pixels tiles • osm2pgsql is used to convert OSM data to postgreSQL for Mapnik rendering • Map sytles are controlled by stylesheet (XML) files. • Useful tutorial! https://github.com/ mapnik/mapnik/wiki/MapnikTutorials Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 37. Mod tile • Mod tile is a system to serve tiles, for example to use within a slippy map. • The implement of Mod file is split into two ports • mod_tile is a custom Apache module which is responsible for serving tiles and requests the rendering of tiles • renderd - A rendering daemon which calls mapnik and writes the map tiles to the filesystem Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 38. tile@home • Tiles@home (short: T@H or tah) is a distributed program to render Osmarender maps. • T@H has a server software, Tahngo (generation 2), running at the Tiles@home website, which get requests to render tiles from updated mapdata. Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 39. Browsers Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 40. Slippy map • The slippy is an Ajax component. JavaScript runs in the browser, which dynamically requests tiles from the server in the background (without reloading web page) to give a smooth map browsing experiences. • The implementation of slippy map is mostly provided by OpenLayers • The tiles rendering usually comes from two resources • Mapnik tile rendering • Osmrender (tiles@home) tile rendering See details http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Develop Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 41. Wiki documents Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 42. OSM community • Three main factors: wiki, mailing lists, mapping party source: http://vaes9.codedgraphic.com/ Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 43. Applications/Services based on OSM techniques See details http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/ List_of_OSM_based_Services Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 44. Crisis Map • shahanafoundation.org • Ushahidi.org Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 46. histOSM.org Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 47. Real-time train map http://kubus.mailspool.nl/spoorkaart/ Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 48. Humanitarian Response and OSM Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 49. OSM Humanitarian Data Model Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 50. OSM in Haiti Souce: Maron 2010 Before earthquake 7 days after earthquake Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 51. Researches on OSM Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 52. OSM participants Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 53. Number of Publications indexed by Google Scholar Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 54. Some research topics on OSM • data quality, ontologies, top-down process (Muki Haklay) • 3D models and routing applications (Zipf et al.) • Neocartography and geovisualization (Chilton, O’Brien) • Semantic, ontologies (Bishr, Antoniou) • Technical application (Mooney) • Trust and general quality (van Exel) Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 55. Types of research with OpenStreetMap • Muki Haklay (2011) summarized three types • With OSM - Working close to OSM community to identify research needs and follow them (Wiki Research Ideas page) • About OSM Learning about OSM, and the community as part of VGI. Comparing it to other projects • Using OSM–Using the data set to create new applications and explore scientific issues Muki Haklay (2011) State of the Map EU - OpenStreetMap and GIScience research, State of the Map (SotM) 2011 Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 56. Important open questions • Cultural differences and the impact on mapping • Impact of imports, and the rate and nature of updates of well mapped areas • Spatial and temporal patterns of engagement and contribution, role of ‘slient’ mappers • ‘Tyranny of place hypothesis’ and the impact of specific individual on mapping an area • Internal culture and impact on gender, exclusion and long term engagement • Legal studies - license use cases and application • Usability (see Weber and Jones 2011) Source: Muki Haklay (2011) Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 57. Limitations of academic research / collaboration • Short attention span - the incentives are for novelty, not routine • Publications are important, so research ideas are welcomed • Academic institutes can provide power and network (up to a point), not money • Enthusiastic students are available at specific time cycle • Across the world, match funding for business, so introductions needed • Academia careers have thematic focus Source: Muki Haklay (2011) Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 58. Code of engagement for OSM research • Rule 1– Join a mapping party. • Rule 2 – Read OSM wiki, books, blogs, and mailing lists • Rule 3 – Explore the data. • Rule 4 – Open assess. • Rule 5 – Open knowledge. • Rule 6 – Be a critical friend. • Rule 7 – Teach. Source: Muki Haklay (2011) Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 59. Code of engagement for OSM research • Maintain links with the OSM community –it will pay off and will help you to identify new research directions. • Also maintain links with in the VGI research community –even if the term is awkward, the research is valuable. • Explore comparisons and parallels –it’s important to learn what is going on in other projects. Source: Muki Haklay (2011) http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Research Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 60. Remarks • OSM is a wiki-style map based on open sources and open data. • OSM is a collaboration community. All participants are volunteers. • More and more services and applications use OSM data and techniques. • OSM is a good instance of VGI. Many researchers around the world are working on OSM. Tuesday, February 7, 2012
- 61. Question! State of the Map 2012 in Tokyo Taiwan Mapping party on Feb. 18, 2012 Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License Tuesday, February 7, 2012