ECIL 2021
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This document provides an overview of fake news and misinformation related to vaccinations from the 18th century to present day. It discusses the producers and spread of anti-vaccination fake news on websites, social media, and different countries. Recent scientific papers on vaccine hesitancy are summarized. The objectives of the author's content curation efforts using Scoop.it are outlined to help health professionals and students approach the ongoing issue of vaccination misinformation. Methods of acting against fake news through supranational organizations, health authorities, media, individuals, and social network analysis are described. The conclusion emphasizes that fake news on vaccinations will be difficult to address and that improving digital health literacy for all is necessary.
ECIL 2021
- 1. Fake news and Vaccinations From Smallpox to Sars-Cov-2 Point of view of an immunologist/curator 40/10 Paris Est January 2020 Bamberg September 2021 GC Faure MD, PhD Immunology Lab And CREM (A. Monnier) Université Lorraine, Nancy OKCC/C3O
- 2. FN&Vs: Overview Context: Smallpox 18th century 2020/21 Covid pandemy What kind of literacy for health professionals ? Method: Content curation with Scoop.it and Knowledge development through Research Action What? kind of information? Who? Where? are producers of Fake News and influencers on vaccination topic? What’s new in 2021
- 3. Vaccinations : Science 2017 Benefits!
- 4. Teaching in Medical Schools? Not much! Sclérose en plaques et vaccination contre l'hépatite B Vaccination et autisme Vaccination et mort subite du nourrisson Vaccination, aluminium et myofasciite à macrophages Mercure, thiomersal et maladies neurologiques CANADA McGill Reporter http://www.chu-montpellier.fr/fr/vaccination/les-polemiqueset-les-fake-newsconcernant-la- vaccination/
- 5. Fake News on the web and vaccinations Scientific papers (not many) PubMed: 19 papers since 2017, 38 in 2021 Google Scholar: 1980 results since 2019, >10000? now Fake News or Weak Science? Visibility and Characterization of Antivaccine Webpages Returned by Google in Different Languages and Countries https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01 215/full
- 6. Some recent published papers Health Econ. 2019 Nov; 28(11): 1377–1382. Vaccine hesitancy and (fake) news: Quasi‐experimental evidence from Italy https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6851894/ Lancet: Vaccine hesitancy: Lower trust… VOLUME 395, ISSUE 10217, P31-32, JANUARY 04, 2020 Murphy, J., Vallières, F., Bentall, R.P. et al. Psychological characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance in Ireland and the United Kingdom. Nat Commun 12, 29 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020- 20226-9
- 7. Objectives of action research using content curation In the context of information overload and disinformation on social networks To Help MDs and students approach a never ending story… Build a Content Hub on FNs&V topic, Collect, select relevant information Elevate, comment, share information Either published and/or from unpublished material
- 8. Methods Curation with Scoop.it Crawling engine plus specific Google searches about Pinterest, Youtube, Facebook.. Keywords (anti-vax, vaccine>fake news) From april 2019 to now Material in 1/2020 #200 scoops Now more than 1000 scoops! https://www.scoop.it/topic/assim-
- 9. WHAT ? Fake news: Recent and recurrent claims Composition of vaccines From https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/appendices/B/excipient- table-2.pdf human abortion cells, African GreenMonkey kidney cells, deadly pig virus Circovirus, mercury, formaldehyde, monosodium glutamate, aluminum, squalene and genetically modified virus strains. Fetal DNA. Urea (= animal urine) m-RNA and gene therapy Diseases Neurological disorders, Autism Infertility (Gardasil) Peanut allergy, Autoimmunity A few Fake memes
- 10. Where? Fake News everywhere! USA +++ France 10% UK 8% Italy, Georgia, Pakistan, India https://www.opindia.com/2019/12/best-of-2019-top- 10-media-lies/ Australia, New Zealand NZ Environment Watch https://envirowatchrangitikei.wordpress.com/home-2/ St Lucia, Samoa https://trustmyscience.com/carte-interactive-mondiale-resume-degats-causes-par-mouvement-anti-vaccination/
- 11. WHO? Anti-vaxxers Actors in Hollywood? From Jessica Biel to 17 celebs https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture- features/celebrities-anti-vaxxers-jessica-biel-847779/ Two major sources of funding (up to 54%) Robert F Kennedy Jr’s World Mercury Project (Bigtree) Larry Cook’s Stop Mandatory Vaccinations + in France: L Montagnier et al. The Selzes https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health- science/meet-the-new-york-couple-donating-millions-to-the-anti-vax- movement/2019/06/18/9d791bcc-8e28-11e9-b08e-cfd89bd36d4e_story.html
- 12. FN&Vs : Websites USA… Stop Mandatory Vaccination https://www.facebook.com/StopMandatoryVaccinationNow/ Naturalnews https://www.naturalnews.com/Index.html Healthnutnews https://www.healthnutnews.com/ Infowars https://www.infowars.com/ Healthimpactnews https://healthimpactnews.com/ Informed Consent Action Network (ICAN) https://www.icandecide.org/ (Vaxxed the film) National Vaccine information center https://www.nvic.org/ France:
- 13. Social Networks Policy on Fake News since March 2020 Facebook: Go to CDC.gov Instagram: Go to WHO.int On Twitter's iOS and Android apps, as well as its desktop website, for users in the US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Korea, Japan, Indonesia, Singapore and Spanish-speaking Latin American countries.
- 14. Acting against Fake news Supranational Organizations: WHO, EurActiv Network Health authorities: Lancet LO Gostin et al VOLUME 20, ISSUE 1, PE11-E16, JANUARY 01, 2020 The public health crisis of underimmunisation: a global plan of action National organizations: CDC, NIH Media: Le Figaro, NY Times, the Guardian, Daily Mail, The Sun BBC …Midwife epidode series!
- 15. Individuals UK : Shah R (2019) “Fake news: A threat to curbing vaccine-preventable diseases in the UK”, Nuffield Trust guest comment. https://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/news-item Italy in Science : TV Talk Show Burioni In the context of US Ohio: MD Nicole Baldwin Sur TikTok
- 16. Social network analysis Digimind: social media listening And Facts-checking In France A never-ending story? And a social research topic Should be done at global level
- 17. FN&Vs: Conclusions Is a difficult subject for information, health professionals and policy makers Rather Pessimistic? Fake News are here to stay! Is scientific and public health valid information efficient? Violence and threats not only in words? Digital and Health Literacy a necessity! "the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions."
- 18. Conclusions for health professionals Most Pro-, Some Anti- Students might be, as anybody Overwhelmed by amount of Mis/dis information in media and social netowrks Challenged by opinions of patients Helpless in discussions with patients MDs and students are unable to do their own information continuous monitoring (CME/CPD) Medical Universities should offer information training and curated resources Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018; 14(2): 478–48818. Health literacy and vaccination: A systematic review Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2017 Mar; 13(3): 701–702.Vaccine hesitancy and health literacy
- 19. Disclaimer once upon a time… Europe SCICOM meetings in Nancy Paris MRES Comité stratégique IST UHP Nancy 1 Chargé de mission DOC AUF: ASSIM: maître toile (http://www.assim.refer.org) OKCC/C3O CREM Curator of http://www.scoop.it/u/gilbertcfaure
Editor's Notes
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