Better Developers
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The document presents an introduction to algorithms and their significance in programming, explaining their definition and the role of developers in creating software. It outlines common algorithms, runtime complexity, and specific examples like Fibonacci and bubble sort. The presentation emphasizes the importance of algorithm efficiency using big O notation and includes references for further reading.
![Definition: Algorithm 1/2
• “An algorithm is a sequence of unambiguous instructions for
solving a problem”[1] As it is supposed to be followed with
pencil and paper. It is usually expressed in pseudo-code.
• Algorithm comes from Al-Khowarazmi the mathematician who
introduce around the year 825, the use of Hindu-Arabic
numerals.
• Some algorithm are intuitive as we can find them trough logical
thinking but the most complex ones need to be learned so they
can be used to improve the efficiency of problem solving.
[1]
A. Levitin, Introduction to The Design & Analysis of Algorithms , Addison-Wesley, 2003
© 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN
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Better Developers
- 1. Better Developers Technical Presentation, 2014 Mikaël Donikian
- 2. Introduction As a Developer you are mainly in charge of conception: Transform business functionalities into code. Had to deal with pieces of messy code before? © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 2
- 3. Summary 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Introduction Definition Common Algorithms Few Examples Complexity Questions © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 3
- 4. Definition: developer • The coder, the programmer and the developer • Tasks: – – – – – – – – Write code Spec documents Configuration management Code reviews Testing Automated tests Documentation Solving tough customer problems © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 4
- 5. Definition: Algorithm 1/2 • “An algorithm is a sequence of unambiguous instructions for solving a problem”[1] As it is supposed to be followed with pencil and paper. It is usually expressed in pseudo-code. • Algorithm comes from Al-Khowarazmi the mathematician who introduce around the year 825, the use of Hindu-Arabic numerals. • Some algorithm are intuitive as we can find them trough logical thinking but the most complex ones need to be learned so they can be used to improve the efficiency of problem solving. [1] A. Levitin, Introduction to The Design & Analysis of Algorithms , Addison-Wesley, 2003 © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 5
- 6. Definition: Algorithm 2/2 • Programming is the process of writing programs in a logical way. Programs are implementing algorithm. • Despite programs, algorithm are finite. © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 6
- 7. Common Algorithms • Shortest Path (Dijkstra, Graph theory, Trees …) • Binary Search • Merge, Quick, Insertion & Bubble Sort • • • • Collections Recursively Concurrency Graph theory (Trees…) © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 7
- 8. Complexity • Runtime analysis of an algorithm • Need to estimate the relative time cost of an algorithm (efficiency) • Big O notation: infinite approximation of infinite growth of a particular function in infinite asymptotic notation. © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 8
- 9. Complexity - Example • Given T(n) = 4n2 − 2n + 2 • As n grow large the term n2 will dominate therefore T(n)=O(n2) © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 9
- 10. Complexity - order of growth Notation Name O(1) Constant O(log n) Logarithmic O(n) Linear O(n log n) Linearithmic O(n2) Quadratic O(nc), c >1 Polynomial O(cn), c >1 Exponential O(n!) Factorial Big O cheat sheet can be found here: http://bigocheatsheet.com/ © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 10
- 11. Fibonacci Algorithm • Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2 with seed value F0=0 and F1=1 • This is a recursive algorithm def fib(n): if n==0: return 0 elif n==1 return 1 Else return (fib(n-1)+fib(n-2)) © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 11
- 12. Bubble sort • Complexity O(n2) • This algorithm is not the best when “n” is very large • It compares in a list each pair of adjacent items and swap them if they are not in the right order. Every iteration, the last value is considered sorted and then the number of values checked is decreased by one. © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 12
- 13. Questions & Answers N.B. Algorithms are used everywhere and very early in biology to simulate the process of natural selection. © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 13
- 14. References • • • • • • • • • • • Donald E. Knuth, “The Art of Computer Programming Vol.1 Fundamental Algorithms”, Addison Wesley, (3rd Ed.) 1997 http://www.software.ac.uk/blog/2011-04-14-coder-programmer-or-softwaredeveloper-spot-difference http://www.ericsink.com/No_Programmers.html Robert C. Martin, ‘’Clean Code’’, Pearson, 2009 http://www.topcoder.com/tc?d1=tutorials&d2=alg_index&module=Static http://www.cut-the-knot.org/WhatIs/WhatIsAlgorithm.shtml http://www.matrixlab-examples.com/algorithm-examples.html http://www.quora.com/Programming-Interviews/What-are-fundamentals-youshould-know-before-a-technical-interview http://www.careercampus.net/resources/programming_fundas.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_O_notation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_algorithms © 2014 Mikaël DONIKIAN 14