![Sagar Dhawan (Senior Trainer - Networking)| networkjourneydotcom@gmail.com | Whatsapp:
https://wa.me/919739521088 | Watch Videos: https://www.youtube.com/c/NetworkJourney || Phone:
+91 9739521088 || Network Journey
VTP v2 and v3 [VLAN TRUNKING PROTOCOL]
[CCNA TO CCIE] SHORT NOTES TO REMEMBER “VTP”
VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) reduces administration in a switched network. When you configure a
new VLAN on one VTP server, the VLAN is distributed through all switches in the domain. This
reduces the need to configure the same VLAN everywhere.
VTP is a Cisco-proprietary protocol that is available on most of the Cisco Catalyst series products.
VTP Modes
You can configure a switch to operate in any one of these VTP modes:
• Server—In VTP server mode, you can create, modify, and delete VLANs and specify other
configuration parameters, such as VTP version and VTP pruning, for the entire VTP domain.
VTP servers advertise their VLAN configuration to other switches in the same VTP domain
and synchronize their VLAN configuration with other switches based on advertisements
received over trunk links. VTP server is the default mode.
• Client—VTP clients behave the same way as VTP servers, but you cannot create, change, or
delete VLANs on a VTP client.
• Transparent—VTP transparent switches do not participate in VTP. A VTP transparent switch
does not advertise its VLAN configuration and does not synchronize its VLAN configuration
based on received advertisements, but transparent switches do forward VTP advertisements
that they receive out their trunk ports in VTP Version 2.
• Off (configurable only in CatOS switches)—In the three described modes, VTP
advertisements are received and transmitted as soon as the switch enters the management
domain state. In the VTP off mode, switches behave the same as in VTP transparent mode
with the exception that VTP advertisements are not forwarded.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/0-200712140142/85/0-2-vt-pv2-and-v3-1-320.jpg)
0.2 vt pv2 and v3
- 1. Sagar Dhawan (Senior Trainer - Networking)| networkjourneydotcom@gmail.com | Whatsapp: https://wa.me/919739521088 | Watch Videos: https://www.youtube.com/c/NetworkJourney || Phone: +91 9739521088 || Network Journey VTP v2 and v3 [VLAN TRUNKING PROTOCOL] [CCNA TO CCIE] SHORT NOTES TO REMEMBER “VTP” VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) reduces administration in a switched network. When you configure a new VLAN on one VTP server, the VLAN is distributed through all switches in the domain. This reduces the need to configure the same VLAN everywhere. VTP is a Cisco-proprietary protocol that is available on most of the Cisco Catalyst series products. VTP Modes You can configure a switch to operate in any one of these VTP modes: • Server—In VTP server mode, you can create, modify, and delete VLANs and specify other configuration parameters, such as VTP version and VTP pruning, for the entire VTP domain. VTP servers advertise their VLAN configuration to other switches in the same VTP domain and synchronize their VLAN configuration with other switches based on advertisements received over trunk links. VTP server is the default mode. • Client—VTP clients behave the same way as VTP servers, but you cannot create, change, or delete VLANs on a VTP client. • Transparent—VTP transparent switches do not participate in VTP. A VTP transparent switch does not advertise its VLAN configuration and does not synchronize its VLAN configuration based on received advertisements, but transparent switches do forward VTP advertisements that they receive out their trunk ports in VTP Version 2. • Off (configurable only in CatOS switches)—In the three described modes, VTP advertisements are received and transmitted as soon as the switch enters the management domain state. In the VTP off mode, switches behave the same as in VTP transparent mode with the exception that VTP advertisements are not forwarded.
- 2. Sagar Dhawan (Senior Trainer - Networking)| networkjourneydotcom@gmail.com | Whatsapp: https://wa.me/919739521088 | Watch Videos: https://www.youtube.com/c/NetworkJourney || Phone: +91 9739521088 || Network Journey VTP V2 VTP V2 is not much different than VTP V1. The major difference is that VTP V2 introduces support for Token Ring VLANs. If you use Token Ring VLANs, you must enable VTP V2. Otherwise, there is no reason to use VTP V2. Changing the VTP version from 1 to 2 will not cause a switch to reload. VTP Password If you configure a password for VTP, you must configure the password on all switches in the VTP domain. The password must be the same password on all those switches. The VTP password that you configure is translated by algorithm into a 16-byte word (MD5 value) that is carried in all summary-advertisement VTP packets. VTP Pruning VTP ensures that all switches in the VTP domain are aware of all VLANs. However, there are occasions when VTP can create unnecessary traffic. All unknown unicasts and broadcasts in a VLAN are flooded over the entire VLAN. All switches in the network receive all broadcasts, even in situations in which few users are connected in that VLAN. VTP pruning is a feature that you use in order to eliminate or prune this unnecessary traffic. VTP Rules: 1. By default, all switches are configured to be VTP servers 2. This configuration is suitable for small-scale networks in which the size of the VLAN information is small and the information is easily stored in all switches (in NVRAM) 3. All network devices in a VTP domain must run the same VTP version. 4. When you enable or disable VTP pruning on a VTP server, VTP pruning for the entire management domain is enabled or disabled. 5. VTP version 1 and VTP version 2 do not propagate configuration information for extended-range VLANs (VLAN numbers 1006 to 4094). You must configure extended-range VLANs manually on each network device. 6. VTP version 3 supports extended-range VLANs (VLAN numbers 1006 to 4094). If you convert from VTP version 3 to VTP version 2, the VLANs in the range 1006 to 4094 are removed from VTP control. 7. If there is insufficient DRAM available for use by VTP, the VTP mode changes to transparent.
- 3. Sagar Dhawan (Senior Trainer - Networking)| networkjourneydotcom@gmail.com | Whatsapp: https://wa.me/919739521088 | Watch Videos: https://www.youtube.com/c/NetworkJourney || Phone: +91 9739521088 || Network Journey VTP Configurations: This example shows how to configure the switch as a VTP server: Router# configuration terminal Router(config)# vtp mode server Setting device to VTP SERVER mode. Router(config)# vtp domain lab_network Setting VTP domain name to lab_network Router(config)# end Router# This example shows how to configure the switch as a VTP client: Router# configuration terminal Router(config)# vtp mode client Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode. Router(config)# exit Router# This example shows how to disable VTP on the switch: Router# configuration terminal Router(config)# vtp mode transparent Setting device to VTP TRANSPARENT mode. Router(config)# end Router# This example shows how to disable VTP on the switch and to disable VTP advertisement forwarding: Router# config terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)# vtp mode off Setting device to VTP OFF mode. Router(config)# exit Router# VERIFICATIONS: show vtp status show vtp counters show vtp interface show vtp interface gigabitethernet 3/5 show vtp status | include Pruni
- 4. Sagar Dhawan (Senior Trainer - Networking)| networkjourneydotcom@gmail.com | Whatsapp: https://wa.me/919739521088 | Watch Videos: https://www.youtube.com/c/NetworkJourney || Phone: +91 9739521088 || Network Journey VTP V3 VTP version 3 is disabled by default. You can enable version 3 in global configuration mode only. This example shows one way to enable VTP version 3: Router# configure terminal Router(config)# vtp version 3 Router(config)# spanning-tree extend system-id Router(config)# Here are some of the new additions to VTP version 3: VTP primary server: only the primary server is able to create / modify / delete VLANs. This is a great change as you can no longer “accidently” wipe all VLANs like you could with VTP version 1 or 2. Extended VLANs: you can now synchronize VLANs in the extended VLAN range (1006 – 4094). Private VLANs: if you have VLANs that are configured as private VLANs then you can synchronize them with VTPv3. RSPAN VLANs: remote SPAN VLANs can now be synchronized. MST Support: one of the problems of MST is that you had to configure each switch manually. With VTPv3, MST configurations are synchronized. Authentication improvements: VTPv3 has more secure methods for authentication. VTP mode o×: If you didn’t want to use VTP for version 1 or 2 then you had to use the transparent mode. VTPv3 can be disabled globally or per interface. Compatibility: VTP version 3 is compatible with version 2, not version 1.