06 supplement - phenomena related to refraction
- 2. Apparent depth: the depth that an object appears to be at due to the refraction of light in a transparent medium Air Water PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 3. Air Water PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 4. Apparent depth is why it’s not as easy to catch fish using your hands Air Water PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 5. The “Flattened” Sun: When the Sun is near the horizon during sunset, it appears to be oval in shape (flattened) PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 6. Air is more dense near the Earth’s surface than higher up in the atmosphere, so when the Sun is close to the horizon, light from the bottom of the Sun is refracted more than light from the top of the Sun. Figure 5 pg 536 (Nelson) PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 7. Rainbows: White light that passes through a water droplet undergoes “dispersion” (separation into its constituent colours) PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 8. Light passing through a Prism also undergoes dispersion. PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 9. Each colour of light refracts differently because they all move at slightly different speeds. LONG SHORT INCREASINGWAVELENTGH So each color has a different angle of refraction (R). Refraction is based on the wavelength of the light ray PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 10. This is why you can only see a rainbow when the sun is behind you PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 11. Shimmering on a lake: Light rays travel from cool air (slowly, because more dense) into warmer air near the water (faster, because less dense) causing the light to refract farther away from the normal. Eventually, total internal reflection occurs in the lowest warm air layer (not in the water), resulting in multiple virtual images of the moon. PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 12. Mirage: Hot air close to the surface of the sand is less dense. When this hot air meets layers of denser, cooler air, light rays get bent. When incident light rays pass the critical angle, total internal reflection results. PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION
- 13. Mirage: PHENOMENA RELATED TO REFRACTION