07.using vi
Download as PPTX, PDF2 likes700 views
Vi is a terminal-based text editor that does not require a mouse. It was originally created in 1976 and uses different modes for commands, editing text, and ex commands. Vi allows efficient editing through keyboard shortcuts for cursor movement, deleting text, searching, replacing, and more. It can be configured through settings and options to customize indentation, wrapping, backups and other features. The document provides tips for using vi along with examples of basic C code editing in vi.
![Why vi ?
• vi: Terminal based text editor
– vi doesn’t need mouse, Function/Arrow keys
• Just regular keyboards
• High speed editing
– vi works with other source code tools
• ctag, …
• The original code for vi was written by Bill Joy in
1976, as the visual mode for a line editor called
ex that Joy had written with Chuck Haley.
[wikipedia ‘vi’].
NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/07-using-vi-130205005251-phpapp02/85/07-using-vi-2-320.jpg)
![Vi as a modal editor
• Modes of vi
– Command Mode
• Cursor movement, delete, …
– For cursor movement, You can also use arrow, [HOME],[END],[PgUp],[PgDn] keys
– Input Mode
• Edit (typing the document)
– Ex Mode
• Line command (write, cancel, quit, help, and ‘ex’ command)
$ vi file
‘i’, ‘a’ ‘:’
Input Command ex
Mode Mode Mode
[ESC] [ESC]
[ENTER]
NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/07-using-vi-130205005251-phpapp02/85/07-using-vi-3-320.jpg)
![Survival guide of vi
1. $ vi filename
2. You are in [Command Mode]
3. EDITTING YOUR TEXT
– Type ‘i’ to change into [Input Mode]
– EDIT [Type whatever you want]
– Type ESC to return [Command Mode]
– Move cursors using arrow keys or ‘h’, ‘k’, ‘k’, ‘l’, ‘w’, ‘b’
– Delete a character using ‘x’
4. If done, ‘ZZ’ or ‘:wq’ to save and quit,
or ‘:q!’ to just quit
5. $ cat filename
NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/07-using-vi-130205005251-phpapp02/85/07-using-vi-5-320.jpg)
![vi commands (1)
• Command mode to Input Mode
– ‘i’ : from the cursor position
– ‘a’ : after the current character
– ‘I’ : from the starting column
– ‘A’ : after the last character of the line
• Cursor movement
– ‘gg’ : move to 1st line of the file
– ‘G’ : move to the last line of the file
– ‘H’ : move to top right corner of the screen
– ‘nnG’ or ‘:nn [ENTER]’ : move to nnth line
– ‘h’, ’j’, ’k’, ’l’ : move left, down, up, right by one character (nn)
– ‘w’, ‘b’ : move to next, previous word (nn)
NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/07-using-vi-130205005251-phpapp02/85/07-using-vi-8-320.jpg)
![vi commands (2)
• Delete, modify
– ‘x’, [DEL] : delete character under cursor (nn)
– ‘X’ [BS] : delete the previous character (nn)
– ‘dw’ : delete word (nn)
UNDO ?
– ‘dd’ : delete a line (nn) Try ‘u’
– ‘cw’ : modify to the end of current word (nn)
– ‘cc’ : modify whole line (nn)
– ‘C’ : modify to the end of current line
– ‘r’ : replace one character under cursor (nn) REPEAT ?
– ‘R’ : replace characters
• Copy and paste
Try ‘.’
– ‘yw’ : copy word (nn)
– ‘yy’ : copy current line (nn)
– ‘p’ : paste copied or deleted item, next (nn)
– ‘P’ : paste before (nn)
NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/07-using-vi-130205005251-phpapp02/85/07-using-vi-9-320.jpg)
07.using vi
- 1. Using vi editor Minsuk Lee Hansung University, Seoul, Korea minsuk@hansung.ac.kr NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 2. Why vi ? • vi: Terminal based text editor – vi doesn’t need mouse, Function/Arrow keys • Just regular keyboards • High speed editing – vi works with other source code tools • ctag, … • The original code for vi was written by Bill Joy in 1976, as the visual mode for a line editor called ex that Joy had written with Chuck Haley. [wikipedia ‘vi’]. NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 3. Vi as a modal editor • Modes of vi – Command Mode • Cursor movement, delete, … – For cursor movement, You can also use arrow, [HOME],[END],[PgUp],[PgDn] keys – Input Mode • Edit (typing the document) – Ex Mode • Line command (write, cancel, quit, help, and ‘ex’ command) $ vi file ‘i’, ‘a’ ‘:’ Input Command ex Mode Mode Mode [ESC] [ESC] [ENTER] NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 4. vi Menu for Gnome-Terminal not for vi vi screen NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 5. Survival guide of vi 1. $ vi filename 2. You are in [Command Mode] 3. EDITTING YOUR TEXT – Type ‘i’ to change into [Input Mode] – EDIT [Type whatever you want] – Type ESC to return [Command Mode] – Move cursors using arrow keys or ‘h’, ‘k’, ‘k’, ‘l’, ‘w’, ‘b’ – Delete a character using ‘x’ 4. If done, ‘ZZ’ or ‘:wq’ to save and quit, or ‘:q!’ to just quit 5. $ cat filename NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 6. If you see this screen • It’s the result of unwanted stop. (e.g., killed) NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 7. Recover message Found a swap file by the name ".myfile.swp" owned by: myuser dated: Sun Aug 28 11:12:41 2011 modified: no While opening file "myfile“ dated: Sun Aug 28 11:46:35 2011 NEWER than swap file! (1) Another program may be editing the same file. … Quit, or continue with caution. (2) An edit session for this file crashed. If this is the case, use ":recover" or "vi -r myfile“ to recover. If you did this already, delete the swap file ".myfile.swp" to avoid this message. NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 8. vi commands (1) • Command mode to Input Mode – ‘i’ : from the cursor position – ‘a’ : after the current character – ‘I’ : from the starting column – ‘A’ : after the last character of the line • Cursor movement – ‘gg’ : move to 1st line of the file – ‘G’ : move to the last line of the file – ‘H’ : move to top right corner of the screen – ‘nnG’ or ‘:nn [ENTER]’ : move to nnth line – ‘h’, ’j’, ’k’, ’l’ : move left, down, up, right by one character (nn) – ‘w’, ‘b’ : move to next, previous word (nn) NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 9. vi commands (2) • Delete, modify – ‘x’, [DEL] : delete character under cursor (nn) – ‘X’ [BS] : delete the previous character (nn) – ‘dw’ : delete word (nn) UNDO ? – ‘dd’ : delete a line (nn) Try ‘u’ – ‘cw’ : modify to the end of current word (nn) – ‘cc’ : modify whole line (nn) – ‘C’ : modify to the end of current line – ‘r’ : replace one character under cursor (nn) REPEAT ? – ‘R’ : replace characters • Copy and paste Try ‘.’ – ‘yw’ : copy word (nn) – ‘yy’ : copy current line (nn) – ‘p’ : paste copied or deleted item, next (nn) – ‘P’ : paste before (nn) NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 10. vi commands (3) • Search – ‘/word ’ : search ‘word ’ forward – ‘n’ find next (nn) – ‘?’ change search direction backword – ‘/’ change search direction forward • Replace – ‘:s/source/destination’ : replace source to destination – ‘:%s/source/destination’ : replace the FIRST occurrence of all lines – ‘:%s/source/destination/g’ : replace the ALL occurrence of all lines – ‘:aa,bbs/source/destination/g’ : replace from line aa to bb NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 11. vi commands (4) • File Commands – ‘:w’ : save – ‘:w filename’ : save as filename – ‘:wq’ or ‘ZZ’ : save and quit – ‘:q’ : quit without save, if modified, ‘:q!’ – ‘:e filename’ : read and edit filename – ‘:r filename’ : read and insert filename – ‘:!<command> : run shell command – ‘:n’ : next file without save, ‘:n!’ if modified – ‘:wn’ : write and next NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 12. Configuration of vi • ‘:set <command>’ or in configuration file ~/.exrc – set autoindent : auto indentation – set cindent : auto indentation for C language – set autowrite : automatic write when modify – set smartindent : smarter indentation – set textwidth=nn : wrap after nn th column – set wrap : auto wrap Unset ? – set backup : do not make backup :set no<command> – set tabstop=nn : set tab with nn – set shiftwidth=n : set indentation with n – set ignorecase : ignore case when search – set showmode : show current mode in bottom line – set number : show line number NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 13. And more • Vi has millions of functions – http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/help.html#help.txt – http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialAdvanced_vi.h tml – http://wiki.kldp.org/KoreanDoc/html/Vim_Guide- KLDP/Vim_Guide-KLDP.html (KOREAN) – http://weezzle.net/1575 (KOREAN) • Look for ‘vi cheat sheet’ !!! – Single page command lists NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 14. Vi cheat sheets <www.viemu.com> <IBM> NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 15. gedit • Gnome editor NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 16. Small tips for source code editing • Syntax Highlighting (use vim, rather than vi) • Keeps Indentation ! (editor can help) • Do not use tab, but use 4 Spaces (editor can do this) • See man pages for ALL functions you use (some IDE can help) NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 17. Let’s Practice ! • Write a C program vi, compile & run Open a terminal $ vi hello.c // show line # $ gcc –ohello hello.c // error ? Edit it !! $ ./hello $ ./hello Minsuk $ ./hello Minsuk Lee $ ./hello Minsuk Lee NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA
- 18. hello.c : Type as is !!! NEAOSS MC2.0 CC-BY 2.0 KR, © Korea OSS Promotion Forum, NIPA