1. Pedagogy of Physical Science (Part II ) - Introduction & mesurement
- 1. By Dr.I.Uma Maheswari Principal Peniel Rural College of Education,Vemparali Dindigul Distirct iuma_maheswari@yahoo.co.in
- 2. Tamil Nadu Government Samacheer IX and X Science Book – Physics and Chemistry Chapters
- 6. After completing this lesson, students will be able to
- 7. Measurement is the basis of all important scientific study. Measurement answers questions like, how long, how heavy and how fast? In this lesson you will learn about units of measurements and the characteristics of measuring instruments.
- 8. 1.1.1 Physical quantities Physical quantity is a quantity that can be measured Physical quantities can be classified into two: fundamental quantities and derived quantities.
- 9. Quantities which cannot be expressed in terms of any other physical quantities are called fundamental quantities. Example: Length, mass, time, temperature etc. Quantities which can be expressed in terms of fundamental quantities are called derived quantities. Example: Area, volume and density etc. Physical quantities have a numerical value and a unit of measurement
- 10. A unit is a standard quantity with which the unknown quantities are compared. It is defined as a specific magnitude of a physical quantity that has been adopted by law or convention.
- 12. SI system of units is the modernised and improved form of the previous system of units. There are seven fundamental units in the SI system of units. The units used to measure the fundamental quantities are called fundamental units and the units which are used to measure the derived quantities are called derived units.
- 15. 1.3.1 Length Length is the extent of something between two points.The SI unit of length is metre. In order to measure very large distance (distance of astronomical objects) we use the following units. - Astronomical unit Light year Parsec
- 20. Mass is the quantity of matter contained in a body.The SI unit of mass is kilogram (kg). Atomic mass unit Mass of a proton, neutron and electron can be determined using atomic mass unit (amu). 1 amu = (1/12)th of the mass of C12 atom.
- 21. Time is a measure of duration of events and the intervals between them.The SI unit of time is second. 1.3.4 Temperature Temperature is the measure of hotness or coldness of a body. SI unit of temperature is kelvin (K).
- 28. b) Zero error Positive zero error Negative zero error
- 33. a) Pitch of the screw b) Least count of a screw gauge
- 34. Positive zero error Negative zero error
- 35. Common (beam) balance Physical balance
- 38. Accuracy represents how close a measurement comes to a true value Accuracy in measurement is center in engineering, physics and all branches of science.