Two triangles are related if they have the same shape but different sizes if they are similar triangles. The document discusses how to determine if two triangles are similar by measuring and comparing corresponding angles and side lengths. If the corresponding angles are equal and the ratios of corresponding sides are equal, then the triangles are similar since similarity can be achieved through dilations. The activity has students measure and record angle measures and side lengths of two triangles to look for these relationships that would indicate similarity.