The document discusses graphing trigonometric functions like sine and cosine curves. It explains that a sine curve is defined by the equation y = a sin(bx + c), where the period is 2π/b units, the amplitude is a units, and c shifts the curve left or right. A worked example with the equation y = 5 sin(9x - π/2) is shown. The cosine curve is similarly defined by y = a cos(bx + c), with the same period, amplitude, and shift properties. An example equation of y = -4 cos((x + π)/8) + 2 is provided and its graphing details are described.