13. Derived Positions kinesiology slides
- 2. Dr. Tooba Asif, PT Lecturer DPT (RIU), MS-OMPT (RIU) Certified Kinesio Taping Practitioner (CKTP, USA) Certified Dry Needling Practitioner (CDNP, UK) DERIVED POSITIONS
- 3. BY ALTERATION OF LEGS • Close standing • Toe standing • Stride standing • Walk standing • Half standing
- 4. CLOSE STANDING • Legs are rotated inwards at hip so that medial borders of feet are adjacent MUSCLE WORK • Leg muscles work more strongly than in the fundamental position.
- 5. EFFECTS & USES OF CLOSE STANDING • Size of the base is reduced & balance is more difficult • Progression to standing • Relaxation of the lateral rotators of hip often results in a loss of bracing effect on whole leg Including longitudinal arches of feet.
- 6. TOE STANDING • Heels are pressed together & raised from the floor. MUSCLE WORK • Plantarflexor of ankle joint work strongly against gravity to keep heels elevated. • All leg muscles work more strongly than in fundamental position to keep balance
- 7. EFFECTS & USES OF TOE STANDING • Base is reduced ¢er of gravity is raised so used in balance • Strong work for foot muscles stretch • Value in treatment of flat foot & posture training
- 8. STRIDE STANDING • Legs are abducted so that the heels are two foot lengths apart • Feet remain same as in fundamental position & weight is equally distributed btw them. MUSCLE WORK • Adductors of hip may work to prevent the legs from sliding further apart if position is taken on a slippery floor
- 9. EFFECTS & USES OF STRIDE STANDING • Effective base is much enlarge laterally, making this an easy & suitable position from which to perform exercises especially in a frontal plane.
- 10. WALK STANDING • One leg is placed directly forwards so that the heels are two foot-lengths apart & are on same line. • Body weight is equally distributed btw them. MUSCLE WORK • Tension on the structure anterior to hip & on calf muscles of posterior leg, • Extensors of hip & knee of this leg work strongly to maintain position.
- 11. EFFECTS & USES OF WALK STANDING • Base is much enlarged in antero posterior direction stabilizing body for exercises in sagittal plane. • Rotation of pelvis towards side of forward leg is prevented by position of back leg, so it used to localize rotation to spine. • Tension on hamstrings of forward leg likewise prevents tilting of pelvis in trunk flexion exercises.
- 12. HALF STANDING • Whole weight of the body is supported on one leg, other may be free or supported in a variety of position. MUSCLE WORK • Abductors of the hip of standing leg work to maintain center of gravity over the base by a Slight lateral tilting of pelvis
- 13. • Lumber side flexors of opposite side work to bring trunk into alignment • All muscles of supporting leg work more strongly than in standing to support additional weight & preserve balance
- 14. EFFFECTS & USES OF HALF STANDING • Unsupporting leg is free to move • Difficulty in balancing • PROGRESSION IN HALF STANDING • Leg free from body weight may rest in different positions.
- 15. STEP STANDING • on a stool with hip & knee bent
- 16. BY ALTERATION OF THE TRUNK
- 17. LAX STOOP STANDING • hips are flexed & trunk, head & arms are relaxed so that they hang forwards & downwards. • Balance is maintained by a slight plantar flexion at ankle joints causing a backward inclination
- 18. EFFECTS & USES OF LAX STOOP STANDING • Amount of forward flexion is dictated by tension, develops in hamstrings & lumbar ms, • Position used to train relaxation of upper body & to assist expiration. • Position used prior to extension exercises of hips & spine.
- 19. • Position is unsuitable for weak or elderly patients as dependent position of body causes an increase • Blood flow to head which maybe followed by depletion on raising to upright position & consequent feeling of giddiness.
- 20. STOOP STANDING • Hip joints are flexed while trunk, head & arms remain in alignment& are inclined forwards. • Angle to which trunk is inclined usually about a right angle but depends on tension of hamstrings which control forward tilt of pelvis when knees are straight.
- 21. MUSCLE WORK • Extensor of knees may work to counteract tension of hamstrings • Longitudinal & transverse back muscles & extensors of shoulder & elbows maintain position against pull of gravity • Posterior neck muscles controlled by pre-vertebral muscles support head.
- 22. EFFECTS & USES • Strong work for neck & back muscles with stretching of spine, trains good posture of back muscles. • Fixation in flexion of lumber spine localizes movement to joints above this level, it is valuable but difficult position to hold correctly.
- 23. BY ALTERATION OF THE LEGS & TRUNK
- 24. FALLOUT STANDING • One leg is placed directly forwards to a distance of three foot-lengths & this knee is bent • Back leg remains straight & body is inclined forward in line with it.
- 25. MUSCLE WORK • Extensors & foot muscles of forward leg work strongly to support most of weight • Extensors of back leg keep trunk & leg straight • Dorsiflexor of this foot work to keep the heel on ground • Head & trunk muscles work but there is a degree of rotation & lateral tilt of pelvis away from forward leg,balance is maintained by action of trunk rotators & lumber muscles on this side.
- 26. EFFECTS & USES • position used in treatment of spinal curvature • When support is given to arms & shoulders,it is an excellent position to utilize body weight either for giving pressure or resistance in direction of fallout.