Active Movement Kinesiology slide full explanation
- 2. Active Movement Dr. Tooba Asif, PT Lecturer DPT (RIU), MS-OMPT (RIU) Certified Kinesio Taping Practitioner (CKTP, USA) Certified Dry Needling Practitioner (CDNP, UK)
- 3. Voluntary movement • Voluntary action of muscles • In opposition to some external force • Classification – Free exercises – Assisted exercises – Assisted-resisted exercises – Resisted exercises
- 4. Classification • Free exercises – Against gravity only • Assisted exercises • When strength or coordination is insufficient
- 5. Classification • Assisted-resisted exercises • Able to perform against resistance in a part of range • External forces are adapted in every part of range • Resisted exercises – Artificially and systemically applied resistance – To increase power and endurance
- 6. Free Exercise - Definition • Patients own effort • Only gravity is external force
- 7. Disadvantage • Make insufficient demand on neuromuscular system • Muscular imbalance – Compensatory rather than normal pattern are good • Brain damage – Unable to initiate movement
- 8. Classification of free exercises • Localized – To mobilize a particular joint – To strengthen particular muscle • Suitable starting position • By voluntary fixation of other areas • General – Many joints involved – Group action of muscle
- 9. Character of Free Exercise • Subjective – Formal – Anatomical movements – Attention of patient to form & pattern of exercise – Accuracy of performance
- 10. Character of Free Exercise • Objective – Attention of patient toward achievement of particular aim or goal – Accuracy of movement – Standing – Arm stretching to touch a mark – Throw a ball
- 11. Technique • Starting position: • Maximum postural efficiency • Instruction to patient: • Interest and cooperation of patient • Understand pattern and purpose of exercise
- 12. Speed • Depends on purpose of exercise • Slow during learning • Later patient is allowed to set his own natural rhythm • During learning, Encouraged to count load
- 13. Duration • Depends on patients capacity • Three bouts of practice of each exercise • With short rest period or change of activity
- 14. Effect & uses • Depends upon • Selection of suitable exercise • Manner of performance • Degree of cooperation obtained from patient • Patient can do on his own • No longer rely on others
- 15. Effect & uses 1. Relaxation 2. Joint mobility 3. Muscle Power & Tone 4. Neuromuscular coordination 5. Confidence 6. Circulatory and respiratory cooperation
- 16. 1. Relaxation • Rhythmical swinging and pendular movement • Alternating and reciprocal contraction & relaxation of opposite muscles • Reciprocal relaxation • Scapular retractors
- 17. 2. Joint mobility • Normal range is maintained • Limited ROM: over pressure
- 18. 3. Muscle Power & Tone • Increase or decrease speed • Increase duration • Against body weight • Increase leverage: long & heavy limb • Iso-metric exercises
- 19. 4. Neuromuscular coordination • Repetition • Exercise requiring effort at earlier, become automatic later on
- 20. 5. Confidence • Achievement of coordinated efficient movement • Give him confidence of accomplishment
- 21. 6. Circulatory and respiratory cooperation • Speed and depth of resp. increased • Heart rate faster • Heat is produced
- 22. 6. Circulatory and respiratory cooperation • A. Need of active tissue – Need of oxygenated blood – Removal of metabolic wastes
- 23. 6. Circulatory and respiratory cooperation • B. Preparation of activity – Through autonomic system – Sympathetic system: adrenalin – Increase resp. – Increase heart rate – Rise in arterial blood pressure – Re-distribution of blood
- 24. 6. Circulatory and respiratory cooperation • C. Local circulatory changes in muscle – Capillary dilate and blood flow is increased
- 25. 6. Circulatory and respiratory cooperation • D. Regulating of circulatory and respiratory function during exercise – Pumping action of muscle – Respiratory muscle pressure on large veins – Increase venous return – Increase cardiac output – Increase in CO2 production – Increase heat production – Dilation of capillaries and stimulation of sweat glands