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Kasia Krakowska

This poster describes using computer simulation software to enhance student learning in a graduate crop modeling course. The course introduced students to modeling crop growth and development. Software programs like CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA were used to allow students to develop their own crop models through hands-on experience for assignments. This enhanced student understanding of crop physiology and the relationship between crops and the environment. The poster compares the advantages and disadvantages of the different software programs and provides an example of the modeling code and outputs. It concludes that using simulation software improved active learning for students.

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PowerPoint as a Powerful Tool Tips for Effective Design and Increased Interactivity Luisa F. Castro Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management
Why PowerPoint? To hold interest To focus attention To guide discussions/overviews To tell a story To support the message being delivered To create a poster for a conference
Tip #1 for Oral Presentations Have only the minimum required text on each slide.
Text on Slide: Too Much When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.
Text on Slide: Better  We hold these truths to be self-evident • that all men are created equal, • that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are: • life, • liberty • the pursuit of happiness
Tip #2 Be consistent and sparing in your use of transitions and animations.
Moving Text • When text appears, we don’t want the audience to be watching the animation. • Use the “Appear effect” Not “FANCY EFFECTS”
Tip #3 Be consistent in your choice of bullets, font, and colors.
COMPOST QUALITY and FOOD SAFETY CONCERNS A recent survey of ‘finished’ compost products produced at 30 California commercial facilities  Found large variation in many characteristics  Indicates highly variable feedstocks and process management Poor process management, curing conditions, and cross-contamination of equipment are most common cause
This is a good title size. Verdana 40 point = sans serif. This is a good subtitle or bullet point size. Times 36 point = serif. This is about as small as you want to go for content at 24 points. This font size is not recommended for content. Verdana 12 point. Font Sizes
This is a good mix of colors. Readable! This is a bad mix of colors. Low contrast. Unreadable! This is a good mix of colors. Readable! This is a bad mix of colors. Avoid bright colors on white. Unreadable! Fonts and Background Colors
Tip #4 Create graphics (such as tables and charts) appropriately.
Inappropriate Use of Tables ID T ask Name Duration 3 SM3B MISSION 12 days 2 BRIGHT EARTH AVOIDANCE (BEA) 12 days 1 HST RELEASE 0 days 41 NCS FILL PROCEDURE 2 hrs 40 8967V1 NCS01 START NCS CPL 0.3 days 6 NICMOS SAFED 0 days 8 8967 NCS01 NCS ACTIVATION & NICMOS COOLDOWN0 days 14 8945 NCIMOS10 - NICMOS COOLDOWN DARKS 8 days 42 BEA COMPLETE 0 days 5 NICMOS COOLDOWN COMPLETE 0 days 7 NICMOS TO OPERATE 0 days 12 8945 NCIMOS10 - NICMOS COOLDOWN DARKS - PART II22 days 35 8944 NICMOS01 FW TESTS 10 days 36 8974 NICMOS03 - FLATS & QE 5 days 13 NICMOS TEMP SET POINT ADJUST 7 days 39 FILTER WHEELS ENABLED 0 days 15 8977 NICMOS06/07 - FINE OPT ALIGN 7 days 37 8973 NICMOS02 FOM OPTICAL OPERATION TEST 1 day 10 NICMOS TEMP SET POINT TECH REVIEW 0 days 9 NICMOS TEMP SET POINT ESTABLISHED 0 days 11 8977 UPLINK ALIGN/TILT PARAMS 0 days 18 NICMOS GO SCIENCE ENAB (BASIC MODES) 0 days 28 9269 NICMOS18 - THERMAL BACKGROUND 1 day 29 9269 NICMOS18 - PARALLEL T HERMAL B/G 60 days 4 NICMOS EROs 6 days 32 8981 NICMOS10 - APERTURE LOCATIONS 1 day 34 8976 NICMOS05 - TRANSFER FUNCTION TEST 1 day 23 8988 NICMOS17 - ASTROM'C PERS'T'CE MEAS 1 day 27 8975 NICMOS04 - DET NOISE, SHADING, & CRs 1 day 24 8991 NICMOS20 - GRISM WAVELENGTH CAL 5 days 22 8985 NICMOS14 - FLAT FIELDS 1 day 25 8986 NICMOS15 - PHOTOMETRY 6 days 26 8987 NICMOS16 - CR PERSISTENCE 1 day 33 8982 NICMOS11 - PLATE SCALE 1 day 16 8980 NICMOS09 - FOCUS MONITOR 1 day 20 PRD SIAF, GAIN TABLE, ROT MATRIX UPDATES 1 day 19 8983 NICMOS12 - MODE2 TRG ACQ 1 day 17 8980 NICMOS09B - FOCUS MONITOR 1 day 31 PDB SIAF U/D & PATCHABLE CONSTS (512) 1 day 30 8979 NICMOS08 - COR'GRAPHIC FOCUS 1 day 21 8984 NICMOS13 - CORONOGRAHIC PERFORMANCE1 day 38 NICMOS C'R'G'PH'C SCI ENABLED 0 days 3/9 3/18 3/18 3/21 4/13 4/19 5/2 5/7 5/9 5/10 5/10 6/7 7/3 8/ 2/24 3/3 3/10 3/17 3/24 3/31 4/7 4/14 4/21 4/28 5/5 5/12 5/19 5/26 6/2 6/9 6/16 6/23 6/30 7/7 7/14 7/21 7/28 8/4 8/11 March April May June July August
Appropriate Use of Tables and Figures Emphasize key parts so that your points are stronger: • Animate the graph or table elements • Use drawing tools to highlight a portion of the table or graph • Use strong contrasting color for drawing element • Use callout box drawing tool
Nutrient concentration tends to decrease from lagoon to ocean side Nutrient Location Concentration Pr>F N Lagoon 0.66 0.27 Center 0.53 Ocean 0.40 P Lagoon 44.8 0.20 Center 34.3 Ocean 15.7 K Lagoon 65.6 0.08 Center 32.5 Ocean 12.2 B Lagoon 0.38 0.19 Center 0.29 Ocean 0.28 Location Lagoon Center Ocean SoilK(mgkg-1 ) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 a ab b Very important
Tip #5 Remember that white space is our friend.
2. The data suggest that the high-level wells tap interconnected, though bounded, aquifers whose rate of water level decline is inversely proportional to its volume. Future well drilling for high-level potable sources must include accurate, well-designed aquifer tests that will aid in the determination of geologic boundaries to provide information on the geometry of the aquifer. 3. The data suggest that there may be more than geological mechanism that created the high-level aquifer. 4. The data suggest that there is a water level pattern observed in the high-level wells with Keopu being the “drain” for the ground-water flow system. The ground-water flux south of Keopu is to the north, and north of Keopu, the ground-water flow is to the south. 5. Some high-level wells do exhibit quasi-stable water levels, and show little variation over time. Use of long-term water level transducers in these wells should continue in conjunction with long-term water level transducers in those wells that show water level decline. Real time correlation between water levels in the wells with climatic conditions measured at Lanihau Rain Gage will provide better insight into the behavior of the potable high-level aquifers. Slide Overkill
Washout Picture 1. Insert a Picture by choosing Insert>Picture>From File 2. Resize it to completely fill the frame 3. Keeping the picture selected, choose Format>Picture>Image Control 4. Under Color, choose Washout
Tip #6 Remember that you are the show --not the PowerPoint slideshow.
What makes the design of a .ppt presentation ineffective? • Slides read word for word (60%) • Text too small (51%) • Full sentences used (48%) Source: Bad PowerPoint Press Release 2003 survey www.communicateusingtechnology.com
Tip #7 Do use some graphics in your slideshow. Nothing is more boring than an all-text slideshow. Choose them carefully, though.
JPG or JPEG  This stands for “Joint Photographic Experts Group”  This is the best file type to use if your image is a photo or a scan  This file type allows for a full range of colors in a small file
Appropriate Use of ImagesResponsibilities of the Specialist Synthesis Leadership Scholarship
GIF  This stands for “Graphical Interface Format”  This is the best file type to use for logos, line art, or other images with limited colors  GIF files only store colors that are actually used in the image
GIF Examples
TIF or TIFF  This stands for “Tagged Image File Format.”  This is the best file type to use if you need transparency in the image  It is the most widely used file format in desktop publishing
TIFF Example
What About Resolution?  “Resolution” = number of pixels per inch in a bitmap image  The more dots per inch (dpi), the higher the resolution  Higher resolution (“high res”) means a better quality image one pixel HOWEVER… PowerPoint only displays at 92 dpi onscreen
What Resolution Should I Use? Can you tell the difference on screen? How about if you print it? 300 dpi 72 dpi
What Resolution Should I Use? So what’s the difference? 300 dpi 72 dpi This image is 1.4 MB This image is 240 K
Tip #8 On Screen vs. Print ON SCREEN 92 dpi PRINTING 300 dpi If showing PowerPoint presentation on screen only, use images at 92 dpi If printing PowerPoint presentation, use images at 300 dpi High res images look better when printed but make presentation file big Never start with a low res image and try to increase it’s res. Result will be a fuzzy picture
Tip#9 Make it Interactive •Be able to jump to any slide •Blank the screen •Draw on the screen •Screen Shots
Screen Shots
Tip #10 Package for CD Package your presentations and all of the supporting files and run them from the CD.
Tip #1 Poster Presentations  Construct the poster to include the title, the author(s), affiliation(s), and a description of the research, highlighting the major elements that are covered in the abstract.
Using computer simulation software to enhance student learning Kent D. Kobayashi Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Introduction Methods Results Conclusions How can the student-learning experience be enhanced using computer simulations? This paper describes the use of several simulation programs to promote active, hands-on learning in a graduate course on crop modeling. TPSS 601 Crop Modeling covers modeling crop growth and development. In the laboratory session, students discuss scientific papers. Software to do crop simulations—CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA—were introduced into the lab session. Using these software, students developed their own crop models for homework and lab assignments, and a term project. Use of computer simulation software in a crop modeling course enabled students to develop crop models, thereby enhancing active learning through hands-on experience. Enhanced understanding of crop physiology and relationship between crop and environment. Students had hands-on experience developing their own crop models. Enabled exploring "what if" scenarios. Software Advantages Disadvantages CSMP Simple coding. Models already available. Crude graphs. Need to run on mainframe computer. BASIC Simple coding. Models already available. Students would have to learn language. Many lines of code needed. STELLA Graphical icon based. Relational diagram approach. Logistics—only Mac version used. Software is expensive. A=INTGRL(IA,GR) GR=RGR*A INCON IA=1. PARAMETER RGR=0.1 Example of lines of CSMP language code. OPEN "I", #1, PS INPUT #1, LAT SM=.45*(24.3 - .264*LAT) SD=SM*(.0186*LAT - .12) Example of lines of BASIC language code. Acknowledgements Support from President’s Educational Improvement Fund Grant, University of Hawaii. STELLA relational diagram showing variables and their relationships. STELLA graph showing simulation output. "Slider" and "knob" icons control values of the variable and parameter. "Run" button runs the model. STELLA is being used this fall in my other TPSS courses—"Computer applications, high technology, and robotics in agriculture" and "Plant growth and development."
Tip #2  Minimize detail and try to use simple, jargon-free statements.
Using computer simulation software to enhance student learning Kent D. Kobayashi Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Introduction Methods Results Conclusions How can the student-learning experience be enhanced using computer simulations? This paper describes the use of several simulation programs to promote active, hands-on learning in a graduate course on crop modeling. TPSS 601 Crop Modeling covers modeling crop growth and development. In the laboratory session, students discuss scientific papers. Software to do crop simulations—CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA—were introduced into the lab session. Using these software, students developed their own crop models for homework and lab assignments, and a term project. Use of computer simulation software in a crop modeling course enabled students to develop crop models, thereby enhancing active learning through hands-on experience. Enhanced understanding of crop physiology and relationship between crop and environment. Students had hands-on experience developing their own crop models. Enabled exploring "what if" scenarios. Software Advantages Disadvantages CSMP Simple coding. Models already available. Crude graphs. Need to run on mainframe computer. BASIC Simple coding. Models already available. Students would have to learn language. Many lines of code needed. STELLA Graphical icon based. Relational diagram approach. Logistics—only Mac version used. Software is expensive. A=INTGRL(IA,GR) GR=RGR*A INCON IA=1. PARAMETER RGR=0.1 Example of lines of CSMP language code. OPEN "I", #1, PS INPUT #1, LAT SM=.45*(24.3 - .264*LAT) SD=SM*(.0186*LAT - .12) Example of lines of BASIC language code. Acknowledgements Support from President’s Educational Improvement Fund Grant, University of Hawaii. STELLA relational diagram showing variables and their relationships. STELLA graph showing simulation output. "Slider" and "knob" icons control values of the variable and parameter. "Run" button runs the model. STELLA is being used this fall in my other TPSS courses—"Computer applications, high technology, and robotics in agriculture" and "Plant growth and development."
Tip #3  Remember that pictures, tables, and figures are amenable to poster display
Using computer simulation software to enhance student learning Kent D. Kobayashi Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Introduction Methods Results Conclusions How can the student-learning experience be enhanced using computer simulations? This paper describes the use of several simulation programs to promote active, hands-on learning in a graduate course on crop modeling. TPSS 601 Crop Modeling covers modeling crop growth and development. In the laboratory session, students discuss scientific papers. Software to do crop simulations—CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA—were introduced into the lab session. Using these software, students developed their own crop models for homework and lab assignments, and a term project. Use of computer simulation software in a crop modeling course enabled students to develop crop models, thereby enhancing active learning through hands-on experience. Enhanced understanding of crop physiology and relationship between crop and environment. Students had hands-on experience developing their own crop models. Enabled exploring "what if" scenarios. Software Advantages Disadvantages CSMP Simple coding. Models already available. Crude graphs. Need to run on mainframe computer. BASIC Simple coding. Models already available. Students would have to learn language. Many lines of code needed. STELLA Graphical icon based. Relational diagram approach. Logistics—only Mac version used. Software is expensive. A=INTGRL(IA,GR) GR=RGR*A INCON IA=1. PARAMETER RGR=0.1 Example of lines of CSMP language code. OPEN "I", #1, PS INPUT #1, LAT SM=.45*(24.3 - .264*LAT) SD=SM*(.0186*LAT - .12) Example of lines of BASIC language code. Acknowledgements Support from President’s Educational Improvement Fund Grant, University of Hawaii. STELLA relational diagram showing variables and their relationships. STELLA graph showing simulation output. "Slider" and "knob" icons control values of the variable and parameter. "Run" button runs the model. STELLA is being used this fall in my other TPSS courses—"Computer applications, high technology, and robotics in agriculture" and "Plant growth and development."
Tip #4  If you can, use color in your visuals.
Using computer simulation software to enhance student learning Kent D. Kobayashi Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Introduction Methods Results Conclusions How can the student-learning experience be enhanced using computer simulations? This paper describes the use of several simulation programs to promote active, hands-on learning in a graduate course on crop modeling. TPSS 601 Crop Modeling covers modeling crop growth and development. In the laboratory session, students discuss scientific papers. Software to do crop simulations—CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA—were introduced into the lab session. Using these software, students developed their own crop models for homework and lab assignments, and a term project. Use of computer simulation software in a crop modeling course enabled students to develop crop models, thereby enhancing active learning through hands-on experience. Enhanced understanding of crop physiology and relationship between crop and environment. Students had hands-on experience developing their own crop models. Enabled exploring "what if" scenarios. Software Advantages Disadvantages CSMP Simple coding. Models already available. Crude graphs. Need to run on mainframe computer. BASIC Simple coding. Models already available. Students would have to learn language. Many lines of code needed. STELLA Graphical icon based. Relational diagram approach. Logistics—only Mac version used. Software is expensive. A=INTGRL(IA,GR) GR=RGR*A INCON IA=1. PARAMETER RGR=0.1 Example of lines of CSMP language code. OPEN "I", #1, PS INPUT #1, LAT SM=.45*(24.3 - .264*LAT) SD=SM*(.0186*LAT - .12) Example of lines of BASIC language code. Acknowledgements Support from President’s Educational Improvement Fund Grant, University of Hawaii. STELLA relational diagram showing variables and their relationships. STELLA graph showing simulation output. "Slider" and "knob" icons control values of the variable and parameter. "Run" button runs the model. STELLA is being used this fall in my other TPSS courses—"Computer applications, high technology, and robotics in agriculture" and "Plant growth and development."
Tip #5  Make sure your fonts are consistent and are large enough to be read from a distance, i.e., do not simply pin up a set of typed pages--reserve these for your handout.
Tip #6  Consider using a flow chart or some other method of providing the viewer with a guide to inspecting your display.
Using computer simulation software to enhance student learning Kent D. Kobayashi Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Introduction Methods Results Conclusions How can the student-learning experience be enhanced using computer simulations? This paper describes the use of several simulation programs to promote active, hands-on learning in a graduate course on crop modeling. TPSS 601 Crop Modeling covers modeling crop growth and development. In the laboratory session, students discuss scientific papers. Software to do crop simulations—CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA—were introduced into the lab session. Using these software, students developed their own crop models for homework and lab assignments, and a term project. Use of computer simulation software in a crop modeling course enabled students to develop crop models, thereby enhancing active learning through hands-on experience. Enhanced understanding of crop physiology and relationship between crop and environment. Students had hands-on experience developing their own crop models. Enabled exploring "what if" scenarios. Software Advantages Disadvantages CSMP Simple coding. Models already available. Crude graphs. Need to run on mainframe computer. BASIC Simple coding. Models already available. Students would have to learn language. Many lines of code needed. STELLA Graphical icon based. Relational diagram approach. Logistics—only Mac version used. Software is expensive. A=INTGRL(IA,GR) GR=RGR*A INCON IA=1. PARAMETER RGR=0.1 Example of lines of CSMP language code. OPEN "I", #1, PS INPUT #1, LAT SM=.45*(24.3 - .264*LAT) SD=SM*(.0186*LAT - .12) Example of lines of BASIC language code. Acknowledgements Support from President’s Educational Improvement Fund Grant, University of Hawaii. STELLA relational diagram showing variables and their relationships. STELLA graph showing simulation output. "Slider" and "knob" icons control values of the variable and parameter. "Run" button runs the model. STELLA is being used this fall in my other TPSS courses—"Computer applications, high technology, and robotics in agriculture" and "Plant growth and development."
Tip #7  Don't overwhelm the viewer with excessive amounts of information; rather, construct a poster display that enhances conversation.
Final Word “The purpose of using visual aids is to enhance your presentation, not upstage it.” Lenny Laskowski PowerPointers.com

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13 using powerpoint

  • 1. PowerPoint as a Powerful Tool Tips for Effective Design and Increased Interactivity Luisa F. Castro Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management
  • 2. Why PowerPoint? To hold interest To focus attention To guide discussions/overviews To tell a story To support the message being delivered To create a poster for a conference
  • 3. Tip #1 for Oral Presentations Have only the minimum required text on each slide.
  • 4. Text on Slide: Too Much When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.
  • 5. Text on Slide: Better  We hold these truths to be self-evident • that all men are created equal, • that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are: • life, • liberty • the pursuit of happiness
  • 6. Tip #2 Be consistent and sparing in your use of transitions and animations.
  • 7. Moving Text • When text appears, we don’t want the audience to be watching the animation. • Use the “Appear effect” Not “FANCY EFFECTS”
  • 8. Tip #3 Be consistent in your choice of bullets, font, and colors.
  • 9. COMPOST QUALITY and FOOD SAFETY CONCERNS A recent survey of ‘finished’ compost products produced at 30 California commercial facilities  Found large variation in many characteristics  Indicates highly variable feedstocks and process management Poor process management, curing conditions, and cross-contamination of equipment are most common cause
  • 10. This is a good title size. Verdana 40 point = sans serif. This is a good subtitle or bullet point size. Times 36 point = serif. This is about as small as you want to go for content at 24 points. This font size is not recommended for content. Verdana 12 point. Font Sizes
  • 11. This is a good mix of colors. Readable! This is a bad mix of colors. Low contrast. Unreadable! This is a good mix of colors. Readable! This is a bad mix of colors. Avoid bright colors on white. Unreadable! Fonts and Background Colors
  • 12. Tip #4 Create graphics (such as tables and charts) appropriately.
  • 13. Inappropriate Use of Tables ID T ask Name Duration 3 SM3B MISSION 12 days 2 BRIGHT EARTH AVOIDANCE (BEA) 12 days 1 HST RELEASE 0 days 41 NCS FILL PROCEDURE 2 hrs 40 8967V1 NCS01 START NCS CPL 0.3 days 6 NICMOS SAFED 0 days 8 8967 NCS01 NCS ACTIVATION & NICMOS COOLDOWN0 days 14 8945 NCIMOS10 - NICMOS COOLDOWN DARKS 8 days 42 BEA COMPLETE 0 days 5 NICMOS COOLDOWN COMPLETE 0 days 7 NICMOS TO OPERATE 0 days 12 8945 NCIMOS10 - NICMOS COOLDOWN DARKS - PART II22 days 35 8944 NICMOS01 FW TESTS 10 days 36 8974 NICMOS03 - FLATS & QE 5 days 13 NICMOS TEMP SET POINT ADJUST 7 days 39 FILTER WHEELS ENABLED 0 days 15 8977 NICMOS06/07 - FINE OPT ALIGN 7 days 37 8973 NICMOS02 FOM OPTICAL OPERATION TEST 1 day 10 NICMOS TEMP SET POINT TECH REVIEW 0 days 9 NICMOS TEMP SET POINT ESTABLISHED 0 days 11 8977 UPLINK ALIGN/TILT PARAMS 0 days 18 NICMOS GO SCIENCE ENAB (BASIC MODES) 0 days 28 9269 NICMOS18 - THERMAL BACKGROUND 1 day 29 9269 NICMOS18 - PARALLEL T HERMAL B/G 60 days 4 NICMOS EROs 6 days 32 8981 NICMOS10 - APERTURE LOCATIONS 1 day 34 8976 NICMOS05 - TRANSFER FUNCTION TEST 1 day 23 8988 NICMOS17 - ASTROM'C PERS'T'CE MEAS 1 day 27 8975 NICMOS04 - DET NOISE, SHADING, & CRs 1 day 24 8991 NICMOS20 - GRISM WAVELENGTH CAL 5 days 22 8985 NICMOS14 - FLAT FIELDS 1 day 25 8986 NICMOS15 - PHOTOMETRY 6 days 26 8987 NICMOS16 - CR PERSISTENCE 1 day 33 8982 NICMOS11 - PLATE SCALE 1 day 16 8980 NICMOS09 - FOCUS MONITOR 1 day 20 PRD SIAF, GAIN TABLE, ROT MATRIX UPDATES 1 day 19 8983 NICMOS12 - MODE2 TRG ACQ 1 day 17 8980 NICMOS09B - FOCUS MONITOR 1 day 31 PDB SIAF U/D & PATCHABLE CONSTS (512) 1 day 30 8979 NICMOS08 - COR'GRAPHIC FOCUS 1 day 21 8984 NICMOS13 - CORONOGRAHIC PERFORMANCE1 day 38 NICMOS C'R'G'PH'C SCI ENABLED 0 days 3/9 3/18 3/18 3/21 4/13 4/19 5/2 5/7 5/9 5/10 5/10 6/7 7/3 8/ 2/24 3/3 3/10 3/17 3/24 3/31 4/7 4/14 4/21 4/28 5/5 5/12 5/19 5/26 6/2 6/9 6/16 6/23 6/30 7/7 7/14 7/21 7/28 8/4 8/11 March April May June July August
  • 14. Appropriate Use of Tables and Figures Emphasize key parts so that your points are stronger: • Animate the graph or table elements • Use drawing tools to highlight a portion of the table or graph • Use strong contrasting color for drawing element • Use callout box drawing tool
  • 15. Nutrient concentration tends to decrease from lagoon to ocean side Nutrient Location Concentration Pr>F N Lagoon 0.66 0.27 Center 0.53 Ocean 0.40 P Lagoon 44.8 0.20 Center 34.3 Ocean 15.7 K Lagoon 65.6 0.08 Center 32.5 Ocean 12.2 B Lagoon 0.38 0.19 Center 0.29 Ocean 0.28 Location Lagoon Center Ocean SoilK(mgkg-1 ) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 a ab b Very important
  • 16. Tip #5 Remember that white space is our friend.
  • 17. 2. The data suggest that the high-level wells tap interconnected, though bounded, aquifers whose rate of water level decline is inversely proportional to its volume. Future well drilling for high-level potable sources must include accurate, well-designed aquifer tests that will aid in the determination of geologic boundaries to provide information on the geometry of the aquifer. 3. The data suggest that there may be more than geological mechanism that created the high-level aquifer. 4. The data suggest that there is a water level pattern observed in the high-level wells with Keopu being the “drain” for the ground-water flow system. The ground-water flux south of Keopu is to the north, and north of Keopu, the ground-water flow is to the south. 5. Some high-level wells do exhibit quasi-stable water levels, and show little variation over time. Use of long-term water level transducers in these wells should continue in conjunction with long-term water level transducers in those wells that show water level decline. Real time correlation between water levels in the wells with climatic conditions measured at Lanihau Rain Gage will provide better insight into the behavior of the potable high-level aquifers. Slide Overkill
  • 18. Washout Picture 1. Insert a Picture by choosing Insert>Picture>From File 2. Resize it to completely fill the frame 3. Keeping the picture selected, choose Format>Picture>Image Control 4. Under Color, choose Washout
  • 19. Tip #6 Remember that you are the show --not the PowerPoint slideshow.
  • 20. What makes the design of a .ppt presentation ineffective? • Slides read word for word (60%) • Text too small (51%) • Full sentences used (48%) Source: Bad PowerPoint Press Release 2003 survey www.communicateusingtechnology.com
  • 21. Tip #7 Do use some graphics in your slideshow. Nothing is more boring than an all-text slideshow. Choose them carefully, though.
  • 22. JPG or JPEG  This stands for “Joint Photographic Experts Group”  This is the best file type to use if your image is a photo or a scan  This file type allows for a full range of colors in a small file
  • 23. Appropriate Use of ImagesResponsibilities of the Specialist Synthesis Leadership Scholarship
  • 24. GIF  This stands for “Graphical Interface Format”  This is the best file type to use for logos, line art, or other images with limited colors  GIF files only store colors that are actually used in the image
  • 26. TIF or TIFF  This stands for “Tagged Image File Format.”  This is the best file type to use if you need transparency in the image  It is the most widely used file format in desktop publishing
  • 28. What About Resolution?  “Resolution” = number of pixels per inch in a bitmap image  The more dots per inch (dpi), the higher the resolution  Higher resolution (“high res”) means a better quality image one pixel HOWEVER… PowerPoint only displays at 92 dpi onscreen
  • 29. What Resolution Should I Use? Can you tell the difference on screen? How about if you print it? 300 dpi 72 dpi
  • 30. What Resolution Should I Use? So what’s the difference? 300 dpi 72 dpi This image is 1.4 MB This image is 240 K
  • 31. Tip #8 On Screen vs. Print ON SCREEN 92 dpi PRINTING 300 dpi If showing PowerPoint presentation on screen only, use images at 92 dpi If printing PowerPoint presentation, use images at 300 dpi High res images look better when printed but make presentation file big Never start with a low res image and try to increase it’s res. Result will be a fuzzy picture
  • 32. Tip#9 Make it Interactive •Be able to jump to any slide •Blank the screen •Draw on the screen •Screen Shots
  • 34. Tip #10 Package for CD Package your presentations and all of the supporting files and run them from the CD.
  • 35. Tip #1 Poster Presentations  Construct the poster to include the title, the author(s), affiliation(s), and a description of the research, highlighting the major elements that are covered in the abstract.
  • 36. Using computer simulation software to enhance student learning Kent D. Kobayashi Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Introduction Methods Results Conclusions How can the student-learning experience be enhanced using computer simulations? This paper describes the use of several simulation programs to promote active, hands-on learning in a graduate course on crop modeling. TPSS 601 Crop Modeling covers modeling crop growth and development. In the laboratory session, students discuss scientific papers. Software to do crop simulations—CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA—were introduced into the lab session. Using these software, students developed their own crop models for homework and lab assignments, and a term project. Use of computer simulation software in a crop modeling course enabled students to develop crop models, thereby enhancing active learning through hands-on experience. Enhanced understanding of crop physiology and relationship between crop and environment. Students had hands-on experience developing their own crop models. Enabled exploring "what if" scenarios. Software Advantages Disadvantages CSMP Simple coding. Models already available. Crude graphs. Need to run on mainframe computer. BASIC Simple coding. Models already available. Students would have to learn language. Many lines of code needed. STELLA Graphical icon based. Relational diagram approach. Logistics—only Mac version used. Software is expensive. A=INTGRL(IA,GR) GR=RGR*A INCON IA=1. PARAMETER RGR=0.1 Example of lines of CSMP language code. OPEN "I", #1, PS INPUT #1, LAT SM=.45*(24.3 - .264*LAT) SD=SM*(.0186*LAT - .12) Example of lines of BASIC language code. Acknowledgements Support from President’s Educational Improvement Fund Grant, University of Hawaii. STELLA relational diagram showing variables and their relationships. STELLA graph showing simulation output. "Slider" and "knob" icons control values of the variable and parameter. "Run" button runs the model. STELLA is being used this fall in my other TPSS courses—"Computer applications, high technology, and robotics in agriculture" and "Plant growth and development."
  • 37. Tip #2  Minimize detail and try to use simple, jargon-free statements.
  • 38. Using computer simulation software to enhance student learning Kent D. Kobayashi Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Introduction Methods Results Conclusions How can the student-learning experience be enhanced using computer simulations? This paper describes the use of several simulation programs to promote active, hands-on learning in a graduate course on crop modeling. TPSS 601 Crop Modeling covers modeling crop growth and development. In the laboratory session, students discuss scientific papers. Software to do crop simulations—CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA—were introduced into the lab session. Using these software, students developed their own crop models for homework and lab assignments, and a term project. Use of computer simulation software in a crop modeling course enabled students to develop crop models, thereby enhancing active learning through hands-on experience. Enhanced understanding of crop physiology and relationship between crop and environment. Students had hands-on experience developing their own crop models. Enabled exploring "what if" scenarios. Software Advantages Disadvantages CSMP Simple coding. Models already available. Crude graphs. Need to run on mainframe computer. BASIC Simple coding. Models already available. Students would have to learn language. Many lines of code needed. STELLA Graphical icon based. Relational diagram approach. Logistics—only Mac version used. Software is expensive. A=INTGRL(IA,GR) GR=RGR*A INCON IA=1. PARAMETER RGR=0.1 Example of lines of CSMP language code. OPEN "I", #1, PS INPUT #1, LAT SM=.45*(24.3 - .264*LAT) SD=SM*(.0186*LAT - .12) Example of lines of BASIC language code. Acknowledgements Support from President’s Educational Improvement Fund Grant, University of Hawaii. STELLA relational diagram showing variables and their relationships. STELLA graph showing simulation output. "Slider" and "knob" icons control values of the variable and parameter. "Run" button runs the model. STELLA is being used this fall in my other TPSS courses—"Computer applications, high technology, and robotics in agriculture" and "Plant growth and development."
  • 39. Tip #3  Remember that pictures, tables, and figures are amenable to poster display
  • 40. Using computer simulation software to enhance student learning Kent D. Kobayashi Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Introduction Methods Results Conclusions How can the student-learning experience be enhanced using computer simulations? This paper describes the use of several simulation programs to promote active, hands-on learning in a graduate course on crop modeling. TPSS 601 Crop Modeling covers modeling crop growth and development. In the laboratory session, students discuss scientific papers. Software to do crop simulations—CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA—were introduced into the lab session. Using these software, students developed their own crop models for homework and lab assignments, and a term project. Use of computer simulation software in a crop modeling course enabled students to develop crop models, thereby enhancing active learning through hands-on experience. Enhanced understanding of crop physiology and relationship between crop and environment. Students had hands-on experience developing their own crop models. Enabled exploring "what if" scenarios. Software Advantages Disadvantages CSMP Simple coding. Models already available. Crude graphs. Need to run on mainframe computer. BASIC Simple coding. Models already available. Students would have to learn language. Many lines of code needed. STELLA Graphical icon based. Relational diagram approach. Logistics—only Mac version used. Software is expensive. A=INTGRL(IA,GR) GR=RGR*A INCON IA=1. PARAMETER RGR=0.1 Example of lines of CSMP language code. OPEN "I", #1, PS INPUT #1, LAT SM=.45*(24.3 - .264*LAT) SD=SM*(.0186*LAT - .12) Example of lines of BASIC language code. Acknowledgements Support from President’s Educational Improvement Fund Grant, University of Hawaii. STELLA relational diagram showing variables and their relationships. STELLA graph showing simulation output. "Slider" and "knob" icons control values of the variable and parameter. "Run" button runs the model. STELLA is being used this fall in my other TPSS courses—"Computer applications, high technology, and robotics in agriculture" and "Plant growth and development."
  • 41. Tip #4  If you can, use color in your visuals.
  • 42. Using computer simulation software to enhance student learning Kent D. Kobayashi Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Introduction Methods Results Conclusions How can the student-learning experience be enhanced using computer simulations? This paper describes the use of several simulation programs to promote active, hands-on learning in a graduate course on crop modeling. TPSS 601 Crop Modeling covers modeling crop growth and development. In the laboratory session, students discuss scientific papers. Software to do crop simulations—CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA—were introduced into the lab session. Using these software, students developed their own crop models for homework and lab assignments, and a term project. Use of computer simulation software in a crop modeling course enabled students to develop crop models, thereby enhancing active learning through hands-on experience. Enhanced understanding of crop physiology and relationship between crop and environment. Students had hands-on experience developing their own crop models. Enabled exploring "what if" scenarios. Software Advantages Disadvantages CSMP Simple coding. Models already available. Crude graphs. Need to run on mainframe computer. BASIC Simple coding. Models already available. Students would have to learn language. Many lines of code needed. STELLA Graphical icon based. Relational diagram approach. Logistics—only Mac version used. Software is expensive. A=INTGRL(IA,GR) GR=RGR*A INCON IA=1. PARAMETER RGR=0.1 Example of lines of CSMP language code. OPEN "I", #1, PS INPUT #1, LAT SM=.45*(24.3 - .264*LAT) SD=SM*(.0186*LAT - .12) Example of lines of BASIC language code. Acknowledgements Support from President’s Educational Improvement Fund Grant, University of Hawaii. STELLA relational diagram showing variables and their relationships. STELLA graph showing simulation output. "Slider" and "knob" icons control values of the variable and parameter. "Run" button runs the model. STELLA is being used this fall in my other TPSS courses—"Computer applications, high technology, and robotics in agriculture" and "Plant growth and development."
  • 43. Tip #5  Make sure your fonts are consistent and are large enough to be read from a distance, i.e., do not simply pin up a set of typed pages--reserve these for your handout.
  • 44. Tip #6  Consider using a flow chart or some other method of providing the viewer with a guide to inspecting your display.
  • 45. Using computer simulation software to enhance student learning Kent D. Kobayashi Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa Introduction Methods Results Conclusions How can the student-learning experience be enhanced using computer simulations? This paper describes the use of several simulation programs to promote active, hands-on learning in a graduate course on crop modeling. TPSS 601 Crop Modeling covers modeling crop growth and development. In the laboratory session, students discuss scientific papers. Software to do crop simulations—CSMP, BASIC, and STELLA—were introduced into the lab session. Using these software, students developed their own crop models for homework and lab assignments, and a term project. Use of computer simulation software in a crop modeling course enabled students to develop crop models, thereby enhancing active learning through hands-on experience. Enhanced understanding of crop physiology and relationship between crop and environment. Students had hands-on experience developing their own crop models. Enabled exploring "what if" scenarios. Software Advantages Disadvantages CSMP Simple coding. Models already available. Crude graphs. Need to run on mainframe computer. BASIC Simple coding. Models already available. Students would have to learn language. Many lines of code needed. STELLA Graphical icon based. Relational diagram approach. Logistics—only Mac version used. Software is expensive. A=INTGRL(IA,GR) GR=RGR*A INCON IA=1. PARAMETER RGR=0.1 Example of lines of CSMP language code. OPEN "I", #1, PS INPUT #1, LAT SM=.45*(24.3 - .264*LAT) SD=SM*(.0186*LAT - .12) Example of lines of BASIC language code. Acknowledgements Support from President’s Educational Improvement Fund Grant, University of Hawaii. STELLA relational diagram showing variables and their relationships. STELLA graph showing simulation output. "Slider" and "knob" icons control values of the variable and parameter. "Run" button runs the model. STELLA is being used this fall in my other TPSS courses—"Computer applications, high technology, and robotics in agriculture" and "Plant growth and development."
  • 46. Tip #7  Don't overwhelm the viewer with excessive amounts of information; rather, construct a poster display that enhances conversation.
  • 47. Final Word “The purpose of using visual aids is to enhance your presentation, not upstage it.” Lenny Laskowski PowerPointers.com

Editor's Notes

  • #3: One of the best reasons to use PowerPoint is the ability it gives you to present content in a qualitatively different way through the use of graphics, charts, animation, and even video or audio. We all learn differently and a presentation using PowerPoint can help those who are Visual as well as Auditory learners
  • #4: Too much text distracts your audience and can be difficult to read.
  • #5: Say you were discussing the Declaration of Independence and wanted your audience to follow along with you.
  • #6: Wouldn’t it be easier for them if you broke down the text to the most basic points? A simple rule of thumb to follow is writing by the number 6 6 words per bullet item 6 bullets per slide 6 word slides in a row Have each bullet point start with a verb or noun, if verbs use all the same tense, use capitalization
  • #7: The rule of thumb is one method of transition and one type of animation for the whole slideshow. Do not have some text flying in, some spiraling, etc. Move from slide to slide with one transition, rather than trying out several.
  • #8: I can tell that you all aren’t focusing on me but are totally fixed on what is on the screen. If you want to use an effect to add a little animation to your text but keep it simple, use the APPEAR effect, which just makes the text appear and is the easiest for your audience to read.
  • #10: This is from a presentation at a conference I went to. The entire PowerPoint was like this and made it difficult to read.
  • #11: FONTS: The larger, the better. Remember, you want your points to be readable even at the back of the venue. As with print documents, using a combination of serif and sans serif fonts--one for headings, the other for body text because it provides contrast and interest to your slides. Sans serif fonts are Verdana, Arial and Helvetica. They have even lines and no appendages Serif fonts are Times and Times New Roman.
  • #12: My own pet peeve is the always used blue background. It’s the one I see most used at conferences. Try something different. That’s why PowerPoint comes with templates. Choose your background based on a room's lighting: While what is most common is to design with a dark background when you plan to project your slideshow onto a screen, in reality, the best background has to do with the presentation location. Although light text on a dark background looks best in a dark or slightly darkened room, in a light room the dark background may look so faded that light text may not show up as well. For this kind of situation, it doesn't hurt to try dark text on a lighter background
  • #14: A bad table, too much information in an unreadable format.
  • #15: Appropriate use of graphs and tables is one way to enhance the message you are delivering. Draw the audience’s attention
  • #17: Too many elements on one slide will simply distract your audience.
  • #20: Never allow the slides to draw attention away from you for long periods of time. Take charge. Be engaging yourself.
  • #21: DO NOT SIMPLY READ WHAT IS ON THE SLIDES. This is the same as passing out handouts and then just reading all of it back to your audience. You should have much more to say than what appears on the slides. If you want your audience to have copies of all that you say, pass out note pages after your presentation. Reveal the KEY IDEA only….a bullet point is a short summation of all you know about the idea Use consistent style: each point start with a verb or noun, if verbs use all the same tense, use capitalization
  • #29: “Resolution” refers to the number of pixels, or dots, per inch in a bitmap image. An image with 1 bit of color information per pixel. (all photos or scans are bitmap images) PowerPoint only displays at 72 dpi onscreen, so a 300 dpi image will look exactly the same as a 72 dpi image while taking up a lot more memory
  • #31: NOTE: Since PowerPoint embeds images into the file, using smaller images will help prevent the PowerPoint file from getting too big and possibly crashing.
  • #32: Recent conference, PPP was 60 MB. Caused computer to crash and the conference to be delayed by 20 minutes. Fuzzy photo. Common error is to enlarge an image that has low resolution. I don’t have a high resolution image of this logo. It looked good when it was smaller and at its proper size but I wanted it bigger for this presentation. I enlarged it but you can see that it is pixelated.
  • #33: Jump: set up links within your presentation so that your PP is non-linear and you can improvise last minute according to your audience’s needs or interests Blank: when you want your audience’s focus hit the “B” key DRAW: Right click, point to Pointer Options, and then click Pen. If you make a mistake just hit the “E” key
  • #34: Use screen shots when you don’t have internet connection and you want to show a web site or when you don’t have the original image but need to use it in your presentation. Be sure to follow all copyright rules. Press the Shift and Print Screen keys at the same time on a Mac or the Print Screen button on a PC keyboard
  • #35: You can now package your presentations and all of the supporting files (including linked files),  and automatically run them from a CD. The updated PowerPoint Viewer is included on the CD when you package your presentations, which lets you to show your presentation on a computer that does not have PowerPoint installed.
  • #37: A poster is like a snapshot of your research
  • #48: Rehearse your show several times before presenting it to a live audience. Know when you will move on and have some sense of the time required. Know how to use the computer. Don't be fumbling about trying to figure out how to move from slide to slide. Avoid standing or sitting right behind your computer when you present. If necessary, have an assistant run the computer while you speak. PowerPoint slideshows are intended to accompany and illustrate your own verbal presentation Check equipment: Turn on all equipment and make sure it all works, especially the hand controller. Batteries good? Equipment: What equipment will be used? Computer? Overhead projector? What are its features? Who is responsible for getting it all to the site and set up? Software: What software (and its version number!) will run the presentation? Does it match what you used to create it? If not, does it matter? Media: How will you transport the presentation to the site? Will your presentation fit on the media you plan to use to transport it?  Can the computer that will run the presentation use that type of media?    (floppy disk, zip disk, USB drive, CD, DVD?) Handouts: Who is bringing? How to distribute and when and by whom?