1-diabetes-basics.ppt
- 1. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org DIABETES CARE TASKS AT SCHOOL: What Key Personnel Need to Know DIABETES BASICS
- 2. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org 2 Goal: Optimal Student Health and Learning All school staff members should have basic knowledge of diabetes and know who to contact for help.
- 3. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Learning Objectives Participants will be able to understand: • What is diabetes? • Why care at school is required • Basic components of diabetes care at school • Short and long term consequences of diabetes 3
- 4. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org What is Diabetes? In diabetes: Body does not make or properly use insulin Insulin is needed to: Move glucose from blood into cells for energy If insulin isn’t working, high blood glucose results: Energy levels are low Dehydration Complications 4
- 5. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Type 1 Diabetes • Autoimmune disorder • Insulin-producing cells destroyed • Daily insulin replacement necessary • Age of onset: usually childhood, young adulthood • Most common type of diabetes in children and adolescents 5
- 6. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org 6 SYMPTOMS: increased urination tiredness weight loss Type 1 Diabetes CAUSE: uncertain, both genetic and environmental factors increased thirst hunger dry skin blurred vision ONSET: relatively quick
- 7. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Type 2 Diabetes Insulin resistance – first step Age at onset: • Most common in adults • Increasingly common in youth − overweight − inactivity − genes − ethnicity 7
- 8. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org 8 Type 2 Diabetes • some children show no symptoms at diagnosis • others are symptomatic with very high blood glucose levels SYMPTOMS: ONSET: variable timeframe for children tired, thirsty, hunger, increased urination
- 9. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org 9 Diabetes is Managed, But it Does Not Go Away. GOAL: Maintain target blood glucose
- 10. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org 10 Diabetes Management Constant Juggling - 24/7 Insulin/ medication with: Physical activity BG BG BG and Food intake
- 11. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Diabetes Management Routine Care: • Many students will be able to handle all or almost all routine diabetes care by themselves • Some students will need school staff to perform or assist with routine diabetes care Emergency Care: • ALL students with diabetes will need help in the event of an emergency situation 11
- 12. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Care in the Schools: School Nurses and Others A School nurse is most appropriate to: • Coordinate diabetes care • Supervise diabetes care • Provide direct care (when available) • Communicate about health concerns to parent/guardian and health care team However, a school nurse is not always available. Non-medical school staff can be trained to assist students: • For both routine and emergency care • Including insulin and glucagon administration 12
- 13. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Diabetes Medical Management Plan (DMMP) • Basis for all school-based diabetes care plans • Developed by student’s personal health care team and parent/guardian • Signed by a member of student’s personal health care team • Individualized • Implemented collaboratively by the school diabetes team: - School nurse - Student - Parent/guardian - Other school personnel 13
- 14. 1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org Where to Get More Information American Diabetes Association 1-800- DIABETES www.diabetes.org National Diabetes Education Program/NIH www.ndep.nih.gov 14