1e physics (meas-basic quantities)
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The document discusses units of measurement in physics. It describes the early use of body parts for measurement and the development of standardized systems. It then outlines the two major systems - the English and metric systems. The rest of the document defines the seven SI base units - meter, kilogram, second, kelvin, ampere, candela, and mole - and provides the historical definitions and standards for each unit.
1e physics (meas-basic quantities)
- 1. The World of PHYSICS… UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS: Ever since in the past, people has existed to utilize measurements as a way of quantifying things. Parts of the body were the immediate instruments used. But due to the inconsistencies acquired due to individual body differences and a lot of discrepancies, systems of measurements were adopted. These
- 2. The World of PHYSICS… UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS 1.English System – this is considered as the systems of weights and measures that is not well planned and mainly based on traditions. 2.Metric System – this system was based on the concept of multiples of tens. In later years, a convention of all
- 3. The World of PHYSICS… THE SEVEN (7) SI FUNDAMENTAL UNITS OF MEASUREMENTSQuantityQuantity SymbSymb olol UnitUnit UnitUnit SymbolSymbol LengthLength ll MeterMeter mm MassMass mm KilogramKilogram kgkg TimeTime tt SecondSecond ss TemperatureTemperature TT KelvinKelvin KK CurrentCurrent II AmpereAmpere AA LuminousLuminous II CandelaCandela cdcd
- 4. The World of PHYSICS… Definitions of Fundamental Units… Meter: the length of a platinum bar in the Archives of Paris (m e tre de s archive s). 1,650,763.73 wavelengths of radiation corresponding to the transition between the 2p10 and 5d5 energy levels, or the orange-red light of the krypton-86 nuclei.
- 5. The World of PHYSICS… Definitions of Fundamental Units… Gram: the mass of a cubic centimeter of water (1971). Kilogram: the mass equivalent to a cylinder of platinum-iridium alloy (kno wn as Inte rnatio nalPro to type Kilo g ram ) kept at the International Bureau of Weights &
- 6. The World of PHYSICS… Definitions of Fundamental Units… Second: equivalent to 1/86,400th of a mean solar day (pre -1 96 0 ). 1/31,556,925.847th of the duration of a tropical year 1900. (1 96 0 ) duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine
- 7. The World of PHYSICS… Definitions of Fundamental Units… Ampere: the current needed to produce a force of 2x10 -7 Newton per meter of length between two infinitely long parallel conductors spaces one meter apart.
- 8. The World of PHYSICS… Definitions of Fundamental Units… Kelvin: is 1/273.16th of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water.
- 9. The World of PHYSICS… Definitions of Fundamental Units… Candela: luminous intensity in the direction perpendicular to a black body surface measuring 1/600,000th of a square meter area, under a temperature of 2,042 Kelvin and a pressure of 101,325 Newton per square meter.
- 10. The World of PHYSICS… Definitions of Fundamental Units… Mole: amount of substance of a system which is equivalent to 0.012 kg of the element Carbon-12.