4. Fragments new.ppt
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This document defines and provides examples of common sentence issues: fragments, run-on sentences, and comma splices. It explains that fragments lack a subject and verb, while run-on sentences and comma splices join two independent clauses without correct punctuation. The document offers ways to fix each issue, such as adding subjects or verbs to fragments, and using coordinators, subordinators, semicolons or periods between independent clauses for run-on sentences. Activities provide practice identifying and correcting these sentence problems.
4. Fragments new.ppt
- 1. Fragment, comma splice, and run on sentences
- 2. FRAGMENT
- 3. Fragment means piece! A sentence fragment is a group of words, only a piece of a sentence, pretending to be a sentence… A sentence needs 3 things: •it must have a subject •It must have a verb •it must be a complete thought.
- 4. Take a look • felt alone in the house • She alone in the house • Although he was alone in the house
- 5. “dependent clauses with subordinators” • which, • because, • although, • before, • while, • after, • when, • whereas • whether, • whenever, • unless, • since, • until, • by, • as long as, • even though,
- 6. • Unless love finds me. • Whenever he leaves the house. • If the world is monolingual. • Even though she is Chinese.
- 7. “ing” and “to” fragments Sometimes using a verb that ends in –ing or begins with “to” can result in a fragment. “He was still in the house. Trying to find his keys.” •You can correct it by putting a comma after house and making the capital letter a small one instead: •“He was still in the house, trying to find his keys.” •Or you can add a subject to the fragment: •“He was still in the house. He was trying to find his keys.”
- 8. • A “to” fragment is similar: • “Juanita went to the store. To buy some bignay wine.” • The easiest way to fix it is to make it one sentence: • “Juanita went to the store to buy some bignay wine.”
- 9. “added detail fragments” An “added detail” fragment lacks a subject and a verb. They often begin with a word like: also especially except for example including such as “My car has problems. Such as, a broken windshield.” To fix it, you can add it to the previous sentence: “My car has problems, such as, a broken windshield.
- 10. “Missing subject fragments” “My dog loves to stick out his tongue. And drool all over the place.” Way to fix this fragment: • make it all one sentence by dropping the period and the capital letter: • “My dog loves to stick out his tongue and drools all over the place.”
- 11. ACTIVITY
- 12. Run-On Sentences & Comma Splices
- 13. • A sentence can be considered a RUN-ON if it joins two independent clauses with a comma or no punctuation at all. • A run-on sentence that has two independent clauses joined by a comma is called a COMMA SPLICE.
- 14. Examples of sentences with comma splices. • My head hurts, I took some Advil. • Jessa went to the market, she bought some sweet potatoes. • I went to the CED acquaintance party last night, I need to sleep this morning.
- 15. Examples of run-on sentences • We showed up late at school and the teacher was mad, but she let us in anyway. • Alyssa picked up the new vampire romance book from the library she read it as soon as she got home. • Gregorio likes basketball all he does is watch basketball all the time.
- 16. How can one fix a run-on sentence? • Join the two independent clauses with a COORDINATOR. For And Nor But Or Yet So • The acronym FANBOYS is an easy way to remember these words. • Always be sure to put a comma before the coordinator.
- 17. examples of run-on sentences joined by a coordinator • Maria needed to tell him the truth she refused to speak a word. • Corrected with a coordinator • Mary needed to tell him the truth, but she refused to speak a word.
- 18. examples of run-on sentences fixed by using a subordinator • Alex can play outside he has to finish his dinner. Alex can play outside, as long as he finishes his dinner. • Mikaela wasn’t paying attention the teacher was looking right at her. Mikaela wasn’t paying attention, even though the teacher was looking right at her.
- 19. Run-on sentences can be separated by a semicolon. Examples: • Michael followed Alyssa into her room he closed the door behind them Stefan had run away Elena refused to follow him Michael followed Alyssa into her room; he closed the door behind them. Stefan had run away; Elena refused to follow him.
- 20. run-on sentence can be broken up by a period • The milkman came earlier he left the milk bottle on the porch. The milkman came earlier. He left the milk on the porch. • I had to pick up my son from daycare he was sick. I had to pick up my son from daycare. He was sick.
- 21. ACTIVITY