4_COMMUNITY ARCH. INTRODUCTION.pdf
- 1. PLANNING 2 C O M M U N I T Y A R C H I T E C T U R E Lesson 4.0 - Historical Background
- 2. I. Historical Background Community Architecture became prominent in the different parts of the world, especially in the United States and the United Kingdom, who were the frontrunners of such movement. Misfortune turn of events: 1. Slums and the destruction of homes and environments. 2. Improper planning and wrong assumptions. 3. People learned to assert their rights and voice out their opinions.
- 3. II. Evolution of Community Architecture Industrial Revolution (1760-1840) Development of urban areas so rapid that the people and their voices were neglected by the responsible people and the regulation.
- 4. II. Evolution of Community Architecture United Kingdom - Urban renewal Post-war (WWII) period (1939-1945) when the attention turned to the improvement of the living conditions in poor neighborhoods.
- 5. II. Evolution of Community Architecture Modern Movement (1925 – 1950) Architects like Le Corbusier propagated the notion of high-rise buildings employing industrial construction techniques as the future of urban development. High-rise buildings consisting of apartments in US.
- 6. II. Evolution of Community Architecture 1960 - Debate on community participation in planning and decision-making was the concept of Advocacy Planning in the US. Paul Davidoff, an Urban Planning professor. He believes that advocacy and pluralism in planning is a good thing and works in favor of everyone involved, including governments and communities.
- 7. II. Evolution of Community Architecture 1970 - Rod Hackney, the first community architect in Britain. Hackney achieved major feat by attracting the attention of Prince Charles in 1984. Black Road Area Improvement Project in Macclesfield, Cheshire
- 8. II. Evolution of Community Architecture Democratic system of decision-making that advocates the inclusion of community members in issues concerning their built environment. Advocates to claim that community architecture is “apolitical.”
- 9. II. Evolution of Community Architecture Community Architect - architect working in consultation with local inhabitants in designing housing and other amenities. Involves the study of social condition and condition of people. work directly with architects in the design and building of their own homes and neighborhoods. Rod Hackney, the first community architect.
- 10. II. Evolution of Community Architecture Charles Knevitt with Prince Charles at a community architecture project in Manchester in 1987. Charles Knevitt who coined the term in his article in Building Design. (1975) To band together and self-build to rejuvenate city centers around Britain.
- 11. II. Evolution of Community Architecture Community Architecture by Knevitt and Wates 1. Embraces community planning, community design, community development and other forms of community technical aid. 2. More on functional solutions that benefit the users. 3. Design process, involves the community and/or end users works well/is functional, is of human scale, recognizable and understandable, and nevertheless, looks good.
- 12. 1986 - Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA), described the aim of community architecture as “To improve the quality of environment by involving people in the design and management of the building spaces they inhabit.” II. Evolution of Community Architecture
- 13. II. Conclusion Community Architecture 1. The same as community planning and community development. 2. United Kingdom “community architecture movement” have gained easier acceptance due to the support of his Royal Highness, the Prince of Wales. 3. United States some of the efforts for the advancement of community architecture had been unsuccessful and fruitless due to lack of funding and support from the government as well as from the people. 4. Success of the community architecture will greatly depend upon the support and commitment of the people, the government, and the professionals.
- 14. II. Conclusion Community Architecture Important lesson of this movement is that participation is a better process than anticipation about the users and their environmental needs.
- 15. PLANNING 2 C O M M U N I T Y A R C H I T E C T U R E Lesson 4.1 - Introduction and Background
- 16. What is the difference between Conventional and Community Architecture?
- 17. I. Definition Differences of Conventional and Community Architecture Differences Conventional Community Status of user Users are passive recipients Users are active recipients. They are offered (or take) control of commissioning, designing, developing, managing, and evaluating their environment, and may sometimes be physically involved in construction. User/expert relationship Little if any direct contact. Creative alliance and working partnership.
- 18. I. Definition Differences of Conventional and Community Architecture Differences Conventional Community Expert’s role Remote and inaccessible. Locally based and accessible. Scale of project Determined by pattern of land ownership and the need for efficient mass production and simple management. Large sites generally broken down into manageable packages. Location of project A greenfield site with infrastructure and sometimes constraints. Most likely to be urban, or periphery of urban areas; area of single or multiple deprivation; derelict or decaying environment.
- 19. I. Definition Differences of Conventional and Community Architecture Differences Conventional Community Use of project Likely to be a single function or two or three complimentary activities. Likely to be muti-functional. Design style Self-conscious about style. Unselfconscious about style. Technology/resources Tendency towards mass production, prefabrication, repetition, global supply of materials, machine intensive and capital intensive. Tendency toward: small scale production, on-site construction, individuality, local supply of materials, user-friendly technology, re-use, recycling and conservation, labor and time intensive.
- 20. Community Architecture can be simply defined as, “architecture carried out with the active participation of the end-users” (Wates, Handbook 184) I. Definition
- 21. Understanding the civic framework of a place the agencies, organizations, institutions, and residents that shape places. I. Definition
- 22. “Bring the community into the process” -Alejandro Aravena