![Bartley Secondary School
Upper Secondary Geography
Sec 4N
Core Assignment 2
- 2 -
1a. Differentiate between weather and climate. [2]
1b. Fig. 4 shows rainfall at a location in the Sahel region, on the southern edge of
the Sahara desert in Africa.
Rainfall (mm)
Month Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Jan - - - - -
Feb - - - - -
Mar - 2 - - -
Apr - - 50 - -
May 22 - 1 18 -
June 7 2 20 1 -
July 11 58 61 9 22
Aug 36 67 26 51 14
Sept 21 26 8 3 4
Oct - - - - -
Nov - - - - -
Dec - - - - -
Fig. 4
(i) Describe the rainfall distribution over the 5 years as shown in Fig. 4. [3]
(ii) With the aid of diagrams, explain the formation of convectional rain. [5]
1c. Study the climatic data for a weather station in an Asian city shown below.
Station 2m above sea level, latitude 13oN
Ja
n
Fe
b
Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Temperatur
e (oC)
26 28 29 30 29 29 28 28 28 28 26 25
Rainfall
(mm)
8 20 36 58 198 160 160 175 305 206 66 5
Fig. 5
(i) Calculate the mean annual temperature and the annual temperature
range for the weather station. [2]
(ii) Describe the climate as illustrated by the climatic data above and the
information provided in your answer to 2(ci). [5]
1d. Latitude is the most important factor affecting temperature. How far do you
agree with this statement? [6]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/coreassignment2wc-160301072633/85/4N-Term1-Core-assignment-2-answer-2-320.jpg)
4N Term1 Core assignment 2 answer
- 1. Bartley Secondary School Upper Secondary Geography Sec 4N Core Assignment 2 - 1 - Name: ________________________________ ( ) Class: _____ Date: ___________ Marks Topic: Weather & Climate Skills/Knowledge: Describe formation of rainfall Using given data, describe and explain climate Teacher’s General Feedback: Observation Tick and/or Comments Lack content knowledge or incorrect referencing Misconception of knowledge Misinterpretation of question Mis-analysis of question marks Awkward expression of answer Mismanagement of time / effort Student Reflection: 1 Star (what way you did well) 1 Wish (what you could improve on based on teacher’s feedback) This has to do with how you answered. Do not just blindly copy the observation above! Additional comments from student: 25
- 2. Bartley Secondary School Upper Secondary Geography Sec 4N Core Assignment 2 - 2 - 1a. Differentiate between weather and climate. [2] 1b. Fig. 4 shows rainfall at a location in the Sahel region, on the southern edge of the Sahara desert in Africa. Rainfall (mm) Month Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Jan - - - - - Feb - - - - - Mar - 2 - - - Apr - - 50 - - May 22 - 1 18 - June 7 2 20 1 - July 11 58 61 9 22 Aug 36 67 26 51 14 Sept 21 26 8 3 4 Oct - - - - - Nov - - - - - Dec - - - - - Fig. 4 (i) Describe the rainfall distribution over the 5 years as shown in Fig. 4. [3] (ii) With the aid of diagrams, explain the formation of convectional rain. [5] 1c. Study the climatic data for a weather station in an Asian city shown below. Station 2m above sea level, latitude 13oN Ja n Fe b Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Temperatur e (oC) 26 28 29 30 29 29 28 28 28 28 26 25 Rainfall (mm) 8 20 36 58 198 160 160 175 305 206 66 5 Fig. 5 (i) Calculate the mean annual temperature and the annual temperature range for the weather station. [2] (ii) Describe the climate as illustrated by the climatic data above and the information provided in your answer to 2(ci). [5] 1d. Latitude is the most important factor affecting temperature. How far do you agree with this statement? [6]
- 3. Bartley Secondary School Upper Secondary Geography Sec 4N Core Assignment 2 - 3 - Answer: 1a) Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular place and time whereas climate is the average condition of the atmosphere of a specific place over a long period of time, usually over 30 years. 1bi) This region experiences low total annual rainfall over the five years. The highest total annual rainfall was in Year 3 at 166mm and the lowest total annual rainfall was in Year 5 at 40mm. This region only experiences rainfall mostly in the middle of the year from April to September. 1bii) Refer to TB Pg 81 Convectional Rainfall The sun heats the ground and warm air rises. As the air rises it cools and water vapour condenses to form clouds. When the condensation point is reached large cumulonimbus clouds are formed. When the water droplets are too heavy, they fall to the ground as convectional rainfall. 1ci) Mean annual temperature: 27.80C, Annual temperature range: 30-25 = 50C 1cii) This place experiences a high mean annual temperature of 27.80C and a low annual temperature range of 50C. The hottest month is in April at 300C and the coolest month is in December at 50C. It also experiences a high total annual rainfall of 1397mm. The wettest month is in September at 305mm and the driest month is in December at 5mm. 1d)
- 4. Bartley Secondary School Upper Secondary Geography Sec 4N Core Assignment 2 - 4 - I agree to a certain extent that latitude is the most important factor affecting temperature. Latitudes are imaginary horizontal lines running from east to west around the earth. Temperatures are lower at higher latitudes. This is because the sun’s rays strike at a lower angle and the solar energy is spread out over a wider area. The temperature is higher when the angle of incidence is high. Heat from the sun is concentrated on a small area. For example, Singapore is on a lower latitude than Russia and it has a higher mean annual temperature than Russia.Kartini12 However, there are other factors such as altitude, distance from sea and cloud cover that affect temperature. Temperature decreases with increasing altitude. It generally decreases by 6.50C with every 1000m increase in altitude. This is because air that is nearer to the earth’s surface absorbs more heat from longwave radiation than air at higher altitude. Another reason is that air is less dense at higher altitude. Less dense air has less ability to absorb heat. For example, temperature is lower on the peak of Mount Everest. The amount of cloud cover also affects temperature. More cloud cover results in a smaller difference between day and night temperatures. This is because during the day, the clouds reflect a large portion of the sun’s energy back to space. This keeps the earth’s surface cool. During the night, the cloud absorbs more of the heat that is radiated from the earth’s surface and prevents it from escaping to space. This keeps the temperature warm at night.