6 responses neededeach set of 2 has its own set of instructions.docx

6 responses needed
each set of 2 has its own set of instructions
Guided Response:
Consider ways in which you might like to interact with your
peers. For example, what similarities or differences do you
observe regarding how your peers perceive culture? Can you
elaborate on the examples shared by your peers with your own
examples or insight? Please be courteous and adhere to the rules
of respectful engagement throughout your replies.
MONICA’S POST:
I used to think that culture was the values and beliefs of a group
of people. But our text helps to understand what culture is.
According to our text “culture is defined as the relatively
specialized lifestyle of a group of people that is passed on from
one generation to the next through communication not through
genes” (Devito, J.A., 2016, Sec. 2.1). In order to understand
culture we can look at values, beliefs, language, and their way
of communicating. We must look at the differences from culture
to culture such as is it individualistic or collectivist orientation,
the power structure, masculinity and femininity, their tolerance
for ambiguity, orientation and indulgence and restraint. (Devito,
J.A., 2016). All of these factors influence communication. “One
reason why culture is so important is that interpersonal
competence is culture specific, what proves effective in one
culture may prove ineffective in another” (Devito, J.A., 2016,
Sec. 2.1). We may have certain attitudes about things based on
the culture we were raised in. In order to communicate
effectively these attitudes and beliefs must be set aside. We

have to have an open mind and see things from others
perspectives. I was raised in a family that instilled good morals
and values in me, I am a spiritual person not a religious one and
I find all religions have one thing in common putting others
needs before our own. I see everyone as my equal and have a
positive outlook on life. I am mindful and considerate of others
perspectives.
Cultural orientation is important for interpersonal
communication when working as a human service professional
for many reasons. First what is effective in one culture may be
ineffective in another. Understanding the values that other
cultures hold helps to promote effective communication.
Understanding the religious beliefs of others is beneficial as
well. For example if I was working with a client with SUD who
was an Atheist and told them to look into spirituality or religion
to help them find sobriety this might be offensive to them. So
knowing their religious beliefs would be helpful in
communicating with this client. The more we understand other
cultures the better we will be at interpersonal communication
with those individuals.
References
Devito, J.A. (2016).
The interpersonal communication book
(14th ed) Retreived from https://content.ashford.edu
TAMEKA’S POST:
Culture is a set of values, beliefs, and attitudes (DeVito, 2019).
It is passed down from one generation to the next and teaches
how to act, think, and feel through enculturation (DeVito,
2019). People develop an ethnic identity, which is a
commitment to beliefs, and the philosophies held by a culture.
Culture is a learned behavior (DeVito, 2019).

Individual and Collective Orientation is one of the examples of
an impact on the culture as a whole. High- and Low-Context
Cultures are another, and finally, Power Distance is a third. All
three describe cultural differences and how different cultures
behave given the frameworks of the examples. Whether a
society believes an individual is more important than the
collective society is a cultural value. Power distances focus on
communication and the ability to form relationships between
statuses. High context cultures are identified as collectivist
cultures. Low context cultures are known by all members
(DeVito, 2019).
As a human service worker, I will need to recognize the
differences between myself and others from different cultures.
The differences will be assuming there are no differences when
there are, and how to understand how those differences can
affect communication. A Catholic will show signs of grief when
someone dies by crying and surround themselves with family.
Another culture might separate themselves from everyone to
grieve in private. A Jewish person will sit "Shiva" with a dead
person right after death, whereas another culture would never
sit with a dead person. Confronting stereotypes is important
when communicating with different cultures (Understanding
Cultural Competency 2020). It is essential to be aware of
personal biases and work toward cultural competency. Internal
belief systems should be analyzed to confront biases toward
other cultures that challenge those beliefs and hamper
communication. Knowing that we have blind spots toward other
cultures can help people learn to communicate more efficiently
with people different from ourselves.
Reference
DeVito, J. A. (2019). The interpersonal communication
book(14th ed.). Pearson Education, Inc.

Understanding Cultural Competency. (2020).
https://www.humanservicesedu.org/cultural-competency/.
Guided Response:
Consider ways in which you might like to interact with your
peers. For example, did you learn about the communication
theories from the responses of your peers? Please be courteous
and adhere to the rules of respectful engagement throughout
your replies.
ALICIA’S POST:
Constructivism is a learning theory found in psychology which
explains how people might acquire knowledge and learn. It
therefore has direct application to education. The theory
suggests that humans construct knowledge and meaning from
their experiences. Constructivism's central idea is that human
learning is constructed, that learners build new knowledge upon
the foundation of previous learning. This prior knowledge
influences what new or modified knowledge an individual will
construct from new learning experiences.
Communication accommodation theory elaborates the human
tendency to adjust their behavior while interacting. The reason
behind this behavior is explained as to control the social
differences between the people interacting. People
accommodate their communication activities to get approval and
to set a positive image in front of the other person. The
environment in which they are interacting also affects the
communication behavior.
Attribution theory is concerned with how individuals interpret
events and how this relates to their thinking and behavior.
Attribution theory assumes that people try to determine why
people do what they do and attribute causes to behavior. A

person seeking to understand why another person did something
may attribute one or more causes to that behavior.
The two communication theories that I feel can be applied best
to the human service field is Constructivism and
Communication Accommodation theories. The Constructivism
theory discusses ways people acquire knowledge and learn. As a
human service professional, you would use this theory to best
understand how your clients learn from the experience or the
issue they may be dealing with. Knowing that knowledge and
their learning will help you help them build on what they need
to do to experience a new learning experience and not fall into
the same dilemma. By building a new way of learning, it may
help your client to not repeat the same issue twice, or find a
better way to handle any situations that may arise. You can also
use this theory to help the community or society understand the
human service field a little more and be more comfortable and
willing to participate in the human service field. By knowing
how the community absorbs information, you may be able to
reach out to them better. The Communication Accommodation
theory I believe would help the professional in the human
service field. As a professional it is important to know when
you need to adjust your behavior, actions, words, etc. while
speaking with your clients. When speaking with your clients
your actions and words can make them either talk with you and
open up or not. If we are using negative words and actions it
can cause the client to put up a barrier and feel uncomfortable.
When your client is uncomfortable, you will not be able to get
information from them or have any willing communication from
them as well, thus it will make your job impossible.
References
Delia, J. (1977). Constructivism and the study of human
communication. Quarterly Journal of

Speech, 63(1), 66-83.
ALIYAH’S POST:
Constructivism- is often applied to fields as psychology and
education to describe how we understand things and how we see
the world. Stated by Jesse Delia professor and developer of
constructions as it relates to interpersonal communication. The
core idea that people have experiences in their worlds.
Communication theory is many scholars that have provided
insight into this perspective some of the major contributors to
constructivism include Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky.
Communication Accommodation Theory- When we talk to other
people we will attend to change our style of speech (accent,
rate, types of words) towards the style used by the listener. This
will allow your clients to open up to you more by gaining trust.
Trust is the number one key to communication because you
always allow the client to talk first while you be the listener.
Attribution theory- We all have the need to express the world to
ourselves and others. This gives a greater sense of control when
explaining a behavior it can affect the standing of people within
a group. When others have erred we often use internal
attribution saying it is due to internal personality factors. Our
attributions are driven by our emotional and motivational
drives. We tend to blame others and avoiding personal
recrimination is very self-serving.
Levels of attachment, as related to the attachment theory, be
used by human service professionals to understand client needs
by being able to help yourself first before helping others. You
have to know your culture and other culture so you will know
the right commutation to hold to help others. Never talk over
the client you are helping always be an open ear by letting them
talk and use good eye contact to let them know you are

listening.
http://changingminds.org/explanations/theories/attribution_theo
ry.htm (Links to an external site.)
http://changingminds.org/explanations/theories/communication_
accomodation.htm (Links to an external site.)
file:///C:/Users/Shadae'/Downloads/Constuctivism%20[PDF%20
file].%20(2017).%20(1).pdf
Respond to at least two of your classmates
TAMMY’S POST:
Confidentiality – ORG6520 Week 3 Discussion
A scenario:
Lucy, a Social Services Worker in Economic Assistance,
reviews an alert for an application received for LIHEAP. While
scanning the narratives and documenting images, Lucy sees that
I recently entered that per previous narratives and residency
verification, the mother, Annie, is currently incarcerated at the
Lancaster County Correctional Center for prostitution
allegations Methamphetamine possession. The children are in
state custody. The children's program case has been closed to
initiate a new case while the children are in an active placement
outside of the home. Other notations that I authorized Medicaid
from CHIP to MAGI Child to provide extended care for the
children as allegations of gross neglect and sexual abuse have
arisen. Later while grocery shopping, Lucy discusses the
situation with Susie, her best friend from Doane University.
Although names are unmentioned, Jane, another customer
standing in line behind Lucy, overhears Lucy's phone
conversation. Lucy is showing no regard for confidentiality or

privacy. Lucy is also unaware that Jane is the client's sister,
where the children have been in care. With Jane, is Timmy and
Tommy, the children involved.
As Social Services at DHHS, the agency is represented by
multiple divisions collaborating to best serve those in crisis or
vulnerable to poverty or enduring abuse. The scope of
information necessary to engage services and determine
eligibility is a collaborative art. The plethora of highly
confidential information revolving sustainable living, poverty,
and disparity can be generalized or reveal intimate and
disturbing observations and correspondence. To determine
initial eligibility, a continuation of eligibility, and resources to
aid the public need, the agency coordinates within state and
federal guidelines and specific poverty levels. Medicaid,
Medicare, and healthcare funding are complicated, requiring the
warranting of financial status to substantiate health insurance's
necessity.
Confidentiality
Confidentiality ensures that access to information of any type is
kept among the essential parties involved unless otherwise
mandated to report or pertinent information is imminent for
legal reasons, including abuse or fraud. The matters must
remain within the agency rather than straying into personal
conversations within the home or public.
Privacy
Privacy includes discretion in receiving, handling, and storing
personal information for a case or client. Measures include
password protection, locking of monitors and files while away
even if momentarily, and securing all correspondence on secure
networks and firewalls and secured clearance for access.

Privileged Communication
Privileged Communication is specific; for instance, behavioral
health and rehabilitation services are protected under HIPAA. In
contacting third parties, I do have to identify myself as The
State of Nebraska, the Department of Health of Human
Services; however, I do not divulge the client's case-specific
details. Another scenario commonly found in the cross-
communication within the agency, including the clinical
findings or court proceedings about (a) child(ren), the elderly,
or a disabled client, or the dynamics or diagnosis revolving
their case(s).
Duty to Warn
Duty to Warn is a cautionary measure and effort to advise
potential. In my position, a duty to warn advises state and
federal policy, the requirements and timely and adequate notice
of action for and against the client, and failure to provide
resulting in denial or closure of benefits. If the safety or welfare
of any person is threatened, I must report.
Duty to Protect
Duty to protect is the active intervention to prevent harm to
another. Mandatory reporting as standard practice within the
medical and clinical settings or a law enforcement official's
obligations is an excellent example of this duty. These
stipulations are part of the details I may encounter in sex
trafficking, domestic violence, and abuse, which are escalated
to authorities, and measures to restrict the case are in place
immediately.
KORIE’S POST:
Discuss the differences between confidentiality, privacy, and

privileged communication, as well as the differences between
the duty to warn and duty to protect.
Confidentiality communication is when you speak of a clients in
private, keep files safe from eyes, use case numbers instead of
names, only speak of clinets to people who are within the
offfice, not to use any clients names, do not give out names,
dob, address or details of case or persons involved in the case.
Privacy communication is when a persons information is given
to someone and to be kept private.
privileged communication is a private statement that must be
kept in confidence by the recipient for the benefit of the
communicator. Even if it is relevant to a case, a privileged
communication cannot be used as evidence in court. Privileged
communications are controversial because they exclude relevant
facts from the truth-seeking process. Privileged communications
exist because society values the privacy or purpose of certain
relationships. The established privileged communications are
those between wife and husband, clergy and communicant,
psychotherapist and patient, physician and patient, and attorney
and client.
The duty to warn refers to a counselor’s obligation to warn
identifiable victims. The duty to protect is a counselor’s duty to
reveal confidential client information in the event that the
counselor has reason to believe that a third party may be
harmed.
The understanding of a counselor’s duty to warn begins with
acknowledgment of the difference between the ethical
responsibility of confidentiality and the legal term of privileged
communication.
What would you think is the most important aspect of

confidentiality as it relates to your profession?
SInce I work in the medical field all information that is given to
me from a patient from name to when I take vitals and history
that is all confidentiality. Anything that the patient writes down
to telling us we have to keep in the office. We are not allowed
to speak of patient information or history as that would be a
breach of contract and we can get in big trouble for doing so.
https://legal-
dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/privileged+communication
https://psychology.iresearchnet.com/counseling-
psychology/counseling-skills-training/duty-to-warn-and-
protect/#:~:text=Duty%20to%20Warn%20and%20Protect.%20T
he%20duty%20to,believe%20that%20a%20third%20party%20m
ay%20be%20harmed.

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