A First Attempt at Describing, Disseminating and Reusing Methodological Knowledge in Archaeology
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The document outlines an initiative to systematically describe and disseminate methodological knowledge in archaeology to facilitate its reuse in various contexts. It discusses the challenges faced by practitioners, proposes a metamodel for organizing archaeological processes, and presents a case study on a megalithic mound intervention. The author concludes that while describing methodologies is challenging, dissemination and reuse are achievable, and further development of the proposed standards is required.
A First Attempt at Describing, Disseminating and Reusing Methodological Knowledge in Archaeology
- 1. A First Attempt at Describing, Disseminating and Reusing Methodological Knowledge in Archaeology Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez Patricia Mar2n-‐Rodilla Ins6tute of Heritage Sciences (Incipit) Spanish Na6onal Research Council (CSIC)
- 2. Research Goal To systema6cally describe methodological knowledge in archaeology so that it can be easily disseminated and reused in different situa6ons. Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 2
- 3. Motivation Prac%%oners § Difficult to communicate ways of doing § Difficult to deal with con6ngencies § Wheel is being reinvented every 6me § One size does not fit all § Poor record of what was done Researchers § No base for the study of cogni6ve processes in archaeology Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 3
- 4. Proposed Approach Requirements Metamodel a d b c g f Repository e b c e g h Methodology b1 c1 c2 g1 Endeavour h c’ New components Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 4
- 5. Conceptual Framework Work Units Producers Processes Tasks Techniques Roles Teams Tools ISO/IEC 24744 metamodel Work Stages Products Phases Milestones Itera6ons Documents Models Things Ideas Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 5
- 6. Case Study § Interven6on on A Romea megalithic mound § Planning, parallel excava6on plus surveying, lab work, repor6ng, results dissemina6on § Descrip6ve approach § Sources: § Interviews with project par6cipants § Project documenta6on Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 6
- 7. Case Study Works on A Romea Preparation Fieldwork Enactment overview Laboratory External Authoriz ation Planning Research design ITR01 ITR02 Excavation Documentation Management Infraestructures Excavation Documentation Management Infraestructures Data acquisition Material/Samples treatment Material/Samples analysis Information processing Interpretation Archaeological Interpretation Results dissemination Infraestructures Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 7
- 8. Case Study Prepara3on phase Research Design process External bibliography R Previous Experience Construct initial hypothesis C E (Initial) Hypothesis R Status = Solid Project Manager Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 8
- 9. Case Study Laboratory phase Data Acquisi3on process R R Status = Accepted M Verify field data Digitize sketch Dataset Harris Matrix Photo R List of material evidences for geometrical representation C C R C Material evidence Image File Archaeo-logical Sketch R Image Scanning Tablet Digitization Archaeo-logical Journal Excavation Forms Excavation Form Carry out geometrical recording Enter data Select entities for geometrical recording M Status = Accepted Previous Experience Hypothesis R C C R R R Geometrical Representa-tion Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 9
- 10. Archaeo-logical Journal Excavation Forms Excavation Form Case Study Verify field data Status = Accepted M M Status = Accepted Laboratory phase Data Acquisi3on process Dataset Harris Matrix Photo Enter data R R R R C Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 10
- 11. Case Study Laboratory phase Data Acquisi3on process Dataset Harris Matrix Status = Accepted Archaeo-logical Journal R M Data Operator Data Operator Verify field data Enter data Excavation Forms Photo Excavation Form R R R C M Status = Accepted Laboratory Team Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 11
- 12. Case Study Database § Network of en66es stored and described in database § Following ISO/IEC 24744 plus extensions § 227 method components, majorly: § Processes and tasks § Work products § Roles § plus the connec6ons between them Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 12
- 13. Case Study Let’s put together a paperless Data Acquisi3on Fieldwork Laboratory Tests process. Data Acquisition Data Validation Enter data Verify field data Dataset Textual Data Harris Matrix Photo Status = Accepted Journal C M Fieldwork Team Data Operator Laboratory Team Excavation Forms Excavation Form New Modified Unnecessary Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 13
- 14. BeneCits § High-‐quality record of what was done § Checks on lifecycle of work products § Facilitates replanning § Reuse of knowledge in new situa6ons § Base for research on cogni6ve processes in archaeology Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 14
- 15. Open Issues § Moving from descrip6on to prescrip6on § High reliance on “previous experience”; lijle coding of knowledge § Very hard to reconstruct methodology employed Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 15
- 16. Conclusions § Descrip6on is not easy but can be done § Dissemina6on and reuse seem possible § ISO/IEC 24744 extensions necessary and in progress § Open issues need to be tackled Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 16
- 17. Thank You César González-‐Pérez cesar.gonzalez-‐perez@incipit.csic.es Copyright © 2013 Cesar Gonzalez-‐Perez 17