A Minimalist’s Attempt at Building a Distributed Application
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The document presents a minimalist approach to building distributed applications, focusing on simplicity, easy setup, and low dependency for deployment. It highlights the differences between using ASP.NET MVC and the Nancy framework, emphasizing intuitive routing and configuration. The author discusses performance metrics and future directions for integrating Nancy with other ASP.NET components, including Katana and SignalR.
![Get Quotes in Nancy
public class QuoteModule : NancyModule {
private readonly IQuoteRepository _repo;
public QuoteModule(IQuoteRepository repo) {
_repo = repo;
Here’s my route and method
Get["/quote"] = _ =>
{
var quotes = _repo.GetAll();
return View["Index.cshtml", quotes];
};
Returning dictionary with
template and model
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/aminimalistsattemptatbuildingadistributedapplication-131101195055-phpapp02/85/A-Minimalist-s-Attempt-at-Building-a-Distributed-Application-11-320.jpg)
![Modules and Routing
Modules are like Controllers
Contain routes and route rules
public class QuoteModule : NancyModule {
private readonly QuoteRepository _repo;
public QuoteModule() {
_repo = new QuoteRepository();
Get["/quote"] = _ =>
{
var quotes = _repo.GetAll();
return View["Index.cshtml", quotes];
};
Essentially all defined in Module constructor
Watch that business logic doesn’t creep in
Modules could get unwieldy
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/aminimalistsattemptatbuildingadistributedapplication-131101195055-phpapp02/85/A-Minimalist-s-Attempt-at-Building-a-Distributed-Application-13-320.jpg)
![Modules and Routing
In MVC, what’s my action?
Needs to be part of the route, unless default
What happens here?
http://localhost/quote/100 (GET)
http://localhost/quote/100 (GET)
http://localhost/quote/delete/100 (DELETE)
http://localhost/quote/100 (DELETE)
Nancy has dictionaries for actions
Get[“/quote/{id}”] = args => { … }
Delete [“/quote/{id}”] = args => { … }](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/aminimalistsattemptatbuildingadistributedapplication-131101195055-phpapp02/85/A-Minimalist-s-Attempt-at-Building-a-Distributed-Application-14-320.jpg)
![Modules and Routing
Nancy’s routing is based on
Method
Get[“/quote/{id}”] = args => { … }
Delete [“/quote/{id}”] = args => { … }
Pattern
Action
Condition (routes can have conditions)
/quote/getall
/quote/{id?} (optional capture segment)
/quote/(?<id>[a..zA..Z]*) (regex)
Post[“/quote”, x => x.id > 0] = args => {…}
Post[“/quote”, x => x.id < 0] = args => {…}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/aminimalistsattemptatbuildingadistributedapplication-131101195055-phpapp02/85/A-Minimalist-s-Attempt-at-Building-a-Distributed-Application-15-320.jpg)
![Content Negotiation
Nancy detects the Accept header on a request
If applicable, will return data in that form
Default formats are
JSON
XML
View
Get["/api/quote"] = _ =>
{
return _repo.GetAll()
.Quotes
.ToList();
};
Also configurable via Bootstrapper
Gotcha! XML needs to be materialized, not deferred (List<> vs. IEnumerable<>)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/aminimalistsattemptatbuildingadistributedapplication-131101195055-phpapp02/85/A-Minimalist-s-Attempt-at-Building-a-Distributed-Application-20-320.jpg)
A Minimalist’s Attempt at Building a Distributed Application
- 2. ControlFreak’s Simplist’s A Minimalist’s Attempt at Building a Distributed Application David Hoerster
- 3. About Me C# MVP (Since April 2011) Sr. Director of Web Solutions at RGP Conference Director for Pittsburgh TechFest Co-Founder of BrainCredits (braincredits.com) Past President of Pittsburgh .NET Users Group and organizer of recent Pittsburgh Code Camps and other Tech Events Twitter - @DavidHoerster Blog – http://geekswithblogs.net/DavidHoerster Email – david@agileways.com
- 4. The Minimalist’s Goals Easy setup and install Able to deploy almost anywhere (low dependency) Contained intent Anti-Scavenger Hunt Development Convention favored over heavy configuration But I have control if needed No significant performance hit Improvement preferred! PhD not required
- 5. What Do These Have in Common? Run from a console Full featured web app aspects No need for IIS or installed web server Jenkins/Solr are JVM; Raven is .NET
- 6. My Project Have a demo app for using Solr in .NET Solr Works great, but dependent on IIS Want to make it more like Solr Install anywhere Client Nancy IIS (.EXE) (WP) Easy to set up and get running Very configurable Multiple instances running SQL
- 7. Is IIS Evil? No! But… Not everything requires a hammer
- 8. Basic ASP.NET MVC Operation Controller derives from Controller public class QuoteController : Controller { Specific return types private readonly QuoteRepository _repo; public ActionResult Index() { var quotes = _repo.GetAll(); return View(quotes); } } Helpers that do help… But what’s the route?? (Have to look in global.asax.) Web API improves on this with declared return types (e.g. List<T>) and Web API 2 will have annotated routes (which takes a lot from Nancy).
- 9. What About Bottle (Python)? Here’s my route Intuitive method name @bottle.route('/quote') def get_all_quotes(): l = solr.query(‘*:*’) # do some Python projection here to get ll Tells I’m returning a template, what the template is, and what model(s) return bottle.template(‘quotes_template', dict(myquotes=ll))
- 10. Simplicity over Power ASP.NET MVC (and Web API) has a lot of power With power comes great responsibility Conform Sometimes lose intuitiveness of code Routes defined elsewhere Changing in Web API Other configuration throughout app
- 11. Get Quotes in Nancy public class QuoteModule : NancyModule { private readonly IQuoteRepository _repo; public QuoteModule(IQuoteRepository repo) { _repo = repo; Here’s my route and method Get["/quote"] = _ => { var quotes = _repo.GetAll(); return View["Index.cshtml", quotes]; }; Returning dictionary with template and model } }
- 12. Nancy Differences with ASP.NET MVC Simple design to create web methods No method names – dictionary of routes and funcs Route configuration right in with method definitions Good or bad? Hmmm…. Bare bones distributed service environment Low overhead / low ceremony service definitions Not heavy on configuration However, full async/await support not there…yet
- 13. Modules and Routing Modules are like Controllers Contain routes and route rules public class QuoteModule : NancyModule { private readonly QuoteRepository _repo; public QuoteModule() { _repo = new QuoteRepository(); Get["/quote"] = _ => { var quotes = _repo.GetAll(); return View["Index.cshtml", quotes]; }; Essentially all defined in Module constructor Watch that business logic doesn’t creep in Modules could get unwieldy } }
- 14. Modules and Routing In MVC, what’s my action? Needs to be part of the route, unless default What happens here? http://localhost/quote/100 (GET) http://localhost/quote/100 (GET) http://localhost/quote/delete/100 (DELETE) http://localhost/quote/100 (DELETE) Nancy has dictionaries for actions Get[“/quote/{id}”] = args => { … } Delete [“/quote/{id}”] = args => { … }
- 15. Modules and Routing Nancy’s routing is based on Method Get[“/quote/{id}”] = args => { … } Delete [“/quote/{id}”] = args => { … } Pattern Action Condition (routes can have conditions) /quote/getall /quote/{id?} (optional capture segment) /quote/(?<id>[a..zA..Z]*) (regex) Post[“/quote”, x => x.id > 0] = args => {…} Post[“/quote”, x => x.id < 0] = args => {…}
- 16. Finding Modules Nancy scans app for NancyModules Loads them No need to define routes in config or global Nancy favors convention over configuration generally
- 17. Changing Behavior Nancy is a pipeline Series of events for each request Request Want forms authentication? Add it to the pipeline Auth Error Handler Custom Before Actions Want custom error page Add it to the pipeline Steps can be added at application, module and route level Allows fine grain control for distributed app dev Module
- 18. Changing Behavior Creating a custom bootstrapper allows for custom behavior at app level Before and After Hooks for application and module Logging and events Page Handlers for page type specific behavior Handle custom 404’s Static files If outside of /Content, need to configure in Bootstrapper pipelines.BeforeRequest += (ctx) => { Logger.Log("starting…"); Command.Enqueue(new Command()); return null; }; pipelines.AfterRequest += (ctx) => { Logger.Log("ending request"); };
- 19. Authentication By default, none Somewhat bare bones, but gets the job done var formsAuthCfg = new FormsAuthenticationConfiguration() { RedirectUrl = "~/login", UserMapper = container.Resolve<IUserMapper>(), }; Configure through Bootstrapper FormsAuthentication.Enable(pipelines, formsAuthCfg); Forms Authentication module is available Get it from NuGet
- 20. Content Negotiation Nancy detects the Accept header on a request If applicable, will return data in that form Default formats are JSON XML View Get["/api/quote"] = _ => { return _repo.GetAll() .Quotes .ToList(); }; Also configurable via Bootstrapper Gotcha! XML needs to be materialized, not deferred (List<> vs. IEnumerable<>)
- 21. Dependency Injection By default, TinyIoc is built in private readonly IQuoteRepository _repo; public QuoteModule(IQuoteRepository repo) { _repo = repo; Nancy co-developer’s project Works well – rated as average on IoC Benchmark by Daniel Palme Able to use IoC of choice Configure through Bootstrapper Example with Ninject Built in IoC allows automatic (magic?) injection of instances into Modules How did this get here?
- 22. Performance (Requests/Second) NancyFX and IIS 8.5 Requests/Second 160.00 140.00 120.00 100.00 80.00 60.00 40.00 20.00 SU-20-1 SU-100-1 SU-500-1 MU-50-5 NancyFX IIS 8.5 MU-100-10 MU-500-5 MU-1000-10
- 23. Performance (Time/Request) NancyFX and IIS 8.5 Time (ms)/Request 50.00 45.00 40.00 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 5.00 SU-20-1 SU-100-1 SU-500-1 MU-50-5 NancyFX IIS 8.5 MU-100-10 MU-500-5 MU-1000-10
- 24. The Minimalist’s Goals - Recap Easy setup and install Able to deploy almost anywhere (low dependency) Contained intent Anti-Scavenger Hunt Development Convention favored over heavy configuration But I have control if needed No significant performance hit PhD not required
- 25. What’s Next? Nancy + Katana (OWIN) Other ASP.NET components moving to pipeline model Be able to plug in SignalR and other pieces into Katana Great article in MSDN Magazine about Nancy + Katana + SignalR + WebApi Custom view renderers Custom pipeline components
- 26. Resources NancyFx Site: http://nancyfx.org/ Documentation: https://github.com/NancyFx/Nancy/wiki/Documentation Howard Dierking on Nancy and Katana: http://msdn.microsoft.com/enus/magazine/dn451439.aspx Dependency Injection Rankings: http://www.palmmedia.de/Blog/2011/8/30/ioccontainer-benchmark-performance-comparison Session Code: https://github.com/DavidHoerster/Minimalist.Solr Slides: http://www.slideshare.net/dhoerster/a-minimalists-attempt-at-building-adistributed-application