After the LAMP, it's time to get MEAN
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The document discusses the MEAN stack, consisting of MongoDB, Express, AngularJS, and Node.js, emphasizing its power for real-time web applications and flexible development. It highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each technology while also outlining their use cases, such as in RESTful APIs, real-time applications, and dynamic web tools. Additionally, it compares MEAN components with traditional technologies like Java and suggests resources for further learning.
![We all know
LAMP is a combination of four of the most popular open
source technologies that form one of the most popular
and ubiquitous platform stacks used on the web. It’s
estimated that 82% of web sites run on some version of
PHP [1]
[1] Source: http://www.w3techs.com/technologies/details/pl-php/all/all](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afterlamptime2getmean-160919150307/85/After-the-LAMP-it-s-time-to-get-MEAN-4-320.jpg)
![LAMP is popular
Wordpress hosted blogs
and sites alone account
for some 4.5% of all web
sites [1]
[1] http://www.codeinwp.com/blog/mesmerizing-wordpress-stats/
[2] http://expandedramblings.com/index.php/wordpress-statistics/
[3] https://www.hostt.com/wordpress-stats-for-2015/
[4] https://managewp.com/14-surprising-statistics-about-wordpress-usage
• 74.6 Million Sites Depend on WordPress [2]
• 22% of New U.S. Registered Domains Run on
WordPress [3]
• WordPress.com Gets More Unique US Visitors
(126M) per month Than Amazon (96M) [4]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afterlamptime2getmean-160919150307/85/After-the-LAMP-it-s-time-to-get-MEAN-6-320.jpg)
![About MongoDB
• An open source, cross platform database
• Stores data in JSON like documents with dynamic
schemas (called BSON)
• Fourth most popular database system worldwide
as of Jan 2016 [1]
• A “no sql” database
without relational
connections, search
an API
[1] http://db-engines.com/en/ranking](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afterlamptime2getmean-160919150307/85/After-the-LAMP-it-s-time-to-get-MEAN-29-320.jpg)
After the LAMP, it's time to get MEAN
- 1. It’s time to get After the
- 2. About Jeff Fox (@jfox015) Assoc.Dir.,DigitalExperienceTechLead StarwoodHotelsandResorts • Nineteen year web development veteran • (Almost) entirely self-taught in programming, web and related technologies • Front end specialist with full stack skills/experience, main core capability used to be Flash • Background in Graphic Design and art, music production & engineering and “entertainment services” • Experience working for fortune 100 companies down to creative agencies with as few as 10 people
- 3. Agenda •Quickie LAMP Review •Four Components of the MEAN stack (and a fifth bonus item too) •Wrap-up (with use cases) •Questions •Shatner
- 4. We all know LAMP is a combination of four of the most popular open source technologies that form one of the most popular and ubiquitous platform stacks used on the web. It’s estimated that 82% of web sites run on some version of PHP [1] [1] Source: http://www.w3techs.com/technologies/details/pl-php/all/all
- 5. LAMP is popular Some popular sites using PHP:
- 6. LAMP is popular Wordpress hosted blogs and sites alone account for some 4.5% of all web sites [1] [1] http://www.codeinwp.com/blog/mesmerizing-wordpress-stats/ [2] http://expandedramblings.com/index.php/wordpress-statistics/ [3] https://www.hostt.com/wordpress-stats-for-2015/ [4] https://managewp.com/14-surprising-statistics-about-wordpress-usage • 74.6 Million Sites Depend on WordPress [2] • 22% of New U.S. Registered Domains Run on WordPress [3] • WordPress.com Gets More Unique US Visitors (126M) per month Than Amazon (96M) [4]
- 7. What is M.E.A.N? Mean is a combination of four technologies that also form a single platform stack. The common element between them is JavaScript.
- 9. About NodeJS “Node's goal is to provide an easy way to build scalable network programs.” -- nodejs.org
- 10. Components of NodeJs • NodeJs runs on the V-8 Engine. • The V-8 Engine is an open source JavaScript engine created and developer by Google which also powers the Chrome browser. • V8 compiles JavaScript to native machine code (IA-32, x86-64, ARM, or MIPS ISAs) before executing it, instead of more traditional techniques such as executing byte code or interpreting it. • Node uses CommonJS specifications for common modular package management format • Uses NPM (Node Package Manager) to manage dependencies
- 11. How does Node work? • Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model, which makes it lightweight • It makes use of event-loops via JavaScript’s callback functionality to implement a non- blocking I/O • While time consuming file and disk operations block script execution in PHP, Node JS commands execute in parallel, and use callbacks to signal completion or failure)
- 13. Node in the Wild How is Node being used? API Servers Mobile backends and full-stack JavaScript hybrid apps Internet of things (IoT) Web – HTTP servers and single page apps
- 14. Node Pros and Cons Pros Fast – Execution speed Faster to market – development speed Less lines of code Great community Proven with high volume systems Most suited for networking, I/O intensive applications Cons Writing a large business logic centric system is cumbersome Callback hell Exception handling is not straight forward Writing event driven code is complex compared to synchronous code Source: NodeJS - Server Side JS
- 15. Node vs Java • 20+ years development testing making a rock solid foundation • Not as fast and Node, but absolutely a more trustworthy environment • Well know coding and debugging support in all major IDEs • True multi-threaded server support • No, XML used for Ant and Maven builds for example MATURITY SPEED TOOLS THREADING UNIFIED LANGUAGE • Younger player (launched in 2009) with less real world battle testing • Blazing fast execution, but sacrifices overall server safety for it • Modern IDE tools support via add-ons for code-completion and some debugging • Node simulated multi- threading via an event loop • Node uses JavaScript in all aspects of the development Source: Java vs. Node.js: An epic battle for developer mind share
- 16. EXPRESS About…
- 17. About Express • Popular NodeJS Server framework library • Inspired by the Sinatra framework for Ruby • Minimal and flexible application design • Handles many operations through HTTP helper utilities and the use of middleware • Easy to set up a working Express server in just few lines of code • Supports single page, multi-page and hybrid web applications
- 18. A basic Express app
- 19. Express Middleware Middleware is any number of functions that are invoked by the Express.js routing layer before the final request handler is called • Express Middleware is simply a function with three arguments • req – The HTTP Request • res – HTTP Response • next – Another Middleware to forward to after the function completes • Middleware is always invoked in the order added. • You can have multiple middleware for the same path. • Middleware has full access to the request and response objects. • Be mindful of middleware overriding fields of other middleware. • Middleware can be skipped by using the next function.
- 21. Components of Express • Runs using NodeJs • App is the web application runtime • Middleware modules handle many routine operations: • Connect is a set of middleware that includes many helper modules • logger • csrf Cross-site request forgery protection • compress Gzip compression basicAuth http authentication • bodyParser extensible request body parser • json application/json parser • multipart multipart/form-data parser • timeout request timeouts • cookieParser cookie parser • session session management support with bundled MemoryStore • cookieSession cookie-based session support • methodOverride faux HTTP method support • favicon efficient favicon server (with default icon) • query automatic querystring parser, populating req.query • errorHandler flexible error handler
- 22. Express Routing • Handles HTTP and RESTful calls over HTTP • Can direct to Middleware, MVC controllers, use templates or return files
- 23. JADE TEMPLATES About… Soon to be re- released as PUG
- 24. About Jade • High performance template engine heavily influenced by Haml and implemented with JavaScript for Node • No need to worry about closing tags • Significant white space enforces clear coding convention between team members • Layout Inheritance • Allows for full JavaScript expressions but makes it just awkward enough to discourage full blown logic in the views • Support for inline Markdown and CoffeeScript Source: Comparing JavaScript Templating Engines: Jade, Mustache, Dust and More
- 25. Jade Example
- 26. Jade vs other Node templates Jade Mustache Dust NunJucks EJS No Closing Tags Async Layout Inheritance Streaming Custom tags High Learning Curve White Space Significance Easy Includes/ Partials Source: Comparing JavaScript Templating Engines: Jade, Mustache, Dust and More
- 27. MONGODB About…
- 28. Not that Mongo
- 29. About MongoDB • An open source, cross platform database • Stores data in JSON like documents with dynamic schemas (called BSON) • Fourth most popular database system worldwide as of Jan 2016 [1] • A “no sql” database without relational connections, search an API [1] http://db-engines.com/en/ranking
- 30. Data Design Comparison Traditional Data Design • Static, uniform, scalar data • Data “looks” like rectangles • Low level physical representation Document Data Design • Flexible and capable of rich shapes • Based on objects • High level business representation
- 31. Advantages of No-SQL Design • Agility • Start developing without an extremely long ER (entry- relationship) model design • Flexible for schema changes as you go without penalty • Polymorphic schema models variable structure with ease • Scalability • Shared-nothing architecture vs centrally controlled system (eliminates any single point of failure, allows self-healing capabilities and non-disruptive upgrades) • Scales horizontally, linearly • Sharding and load balancing • Auto-balance ensures a balances cluster Source: MongoDB and the Internet of Things
- 32. Mongo and Relational DB
- 33. Major Use Cases… …and Major Users • Big Data (Github) • Internet of Things (Bosch) • Complex Data Management (Cushman & Wakefield) • Mobile Apps (Twitter, Foursquare) • Customer Data Management (Intuit) • Social Networking and Collaboration (Cisco, Eventbright) • Content Management (New York Times, Adobe AEM, eBay) • Embedded (Sitecore)
- 34. Oracle vs MongoDB • Oranges • Created in 2009 • Document SQL-Less Model • Supports Replication, Horizontal scale and Sharding • Queries using JavaScript • MIT License • Free for commercial use • JSON (with BSON) • Supported by multiple cloud platforms • Apples • Created in 1936 • Relational Model • Supports Replication and Horizontal scale • Queries using SQL • Proprietary License • Large Price tag • Multiple data Types • Cloud Ready on Oracle Cloud Platform
- 35. ANGULARJS About…
- 36. About AngularJS • “Super heroic” framework created and developed by Google • Highly suited to single page front end web applications • Version 1.x attempted to solve many web application shortcomings in HTML 5 and JavaScript • Version 2.x tightly incorporates the latest improvements in JavaScript and modular front end design methodologies
- 37. Anatomy of Angular 1.x
- 38. Anatomy of an Angular 1.x App Index html App.js Angular BootstrapJquery Plugins CSS CSS CSS CSS HTML Partial REST API HTML Partial HTML Partial $http Controller Routing Controller Controller ServicesServicesServices/ Providers Directives Filters Angular Module $rootScopeJquery
- 39. About Angular 2 • Angular 2 went final on 9/15! • Version 2 sheds the non-standard 1.x conventions and embraces forward looking web standards like ECMAScript 6, Web Components as well as JS supersets like TypeScript • Component based architectural style • Highly Improved routing • Carries forward the ideology of Angular 1.x though the code will look very different • Focus on performance, transparency of Angular “internals” Change Detection and Rendering • Angular 2 has a simplified API for injecting dependencies into components via ES6 Modules
- 40. Anatomy of an Angular 2 App
- 41. Angular 1 vs 2 Components
- 42. Big Changes in Angular 2 • Embraces ES6 Modules/Component Design • Goodbye $scope (we hardly knew you) and DDO • Ultra-Fast Change detection • Changes in state managed through new Zones concept instead of “dirty checking” • Uses the new Object.observe property • Major Routing Improvements • Uni-Directional data flow (Similar to Facebook’s React) • Angular 1.x’s popular 2-way data binding is removed • ng-model replaced by new Form Directives • Improved Template syntax with Property and Event bindings instead of overuse of directives
- 43. $scope no more
- 44. One Framework, many langs • Angular 2 supports multiple variants of vanilla JavaScript Including: • TypeScript • Dart • ES6 • ES5 • TypeScript is a strongly typed superset of JavaScript currently in development at Microsoft. Angular 2 uses it after an agreement between Google and Microsoft • Pros • Strong typed for larger codebases/teams • Cons • Learning curve over traditional JavaScript • Must be compiled • Complicated to setup (requires definition files)
- 45. So can we use it in production yet? • Angular 2 went gold YESTERDAY so yes • Consider, however, that supporting technologies like ECMAScript 6, TypeScript and Web Components will require compilers and polyfills until native support is universally achieved
- 46. WRAP UP Tying it all together
- 47. Summary • The MEAN stack is comprised of four JavaScript based technologies • It can provide a flexible and powerful web development environment to quickly build fast and scalable web apps • Leverages a single language allowing for development using resources with a similar coding toolset • Node is a powerful platform for real-time, I/O web applications and APIs • Express is a flexible server platform capable of complex MVC development • Mongo is a SQL-less document driven database technology • Angular is a front end framework that allows development of dynamic single page web application front-ends
- 48. MEAN at work • Best case scenarios for using Node: • Backend for RESTful data APIs • Streaming or real time app servers, like chat or associate communication servers • Apps/sites with small budget and tight timelines • Internal dynamic web based tools (Call Centers, Employee Support, Knowledge bases, etc.) • Monitoring Dashboards • Avoid for: • Business logic centric systems (Java outperforms) • Heavy server side computation
- 49. Want a more thorough look? • Take a hands on deep dive into the design of a simple MEAN based CRUD app • Github/jfox015 – Coming soon!
- 51. Recommended Resources • NodeJS - Server Side JS • Best practices for Express app structure • Express.js Middleware Demystified • How to test your MongoDB models under Node & Express • Unit Testing Express Middleware • Unit Testing Express Middleware / TDD with Express and Mocha • Test driven Development of Web Apps in Node.Js • Node.js frameworks • Oracle vs. MongoDB • Angular 2 vs Angular 1
- 52. Connect with or stalk me (Entirelyuptoyou) •Web Site: jfox015.com •Twitter: @jfox015 •Github: Github.com/jfox015 •Slideshare: Slideshare.net/jfox015 •LinkedIn: Linkedin.com/in/jfox015
- 53. Thank you!