A REVIEW ON PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS IN DATA MINING

International Journal of Chaos, Control, Modelling and Simulation (IJCCMS) Vol.5, No.1/2/3, September 2016
DOI:10.5121/ijccms.2016.5301 1
A REVIEW ON PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS IN DATA
MINING
Kavya.V1
, Arumugam.S2
1
M.E.Scholar, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Nandha Engineering
College, Erode-638052, Tamil Nadu, India
2
Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Nandha Engineering
College, Erode-638052, Tamil Nadu, India
ABSTRACT
The data mining its main process is to collect, extract and store the valuable information and now-a-days it’s
done by many enterprises actively. In advanced analytics, Predictive analytics is the one of the branch which is
mainly used to make predictions about future events which are unknown. Predictive analytics which uses
various techniques from machine learning, statistics, data mining, modeling, and artificial intelligence for
analyzing the current data and to make predictions about future. The two main objectives of predictive
analytics are Regression and Classification. It is composed of various analytical and statistical techniques used
for developing models which predicts the future occurrence, probabilities or events. Predictive analytics deals
with both continuous changes and discontinuous changes. It provides a predictive score for each individual
(healthcare patient, product SKU, customer, component, machine, or other organizational unit, etc.) to
determine, or influence the organizational processes which pertain across huge numbers of individuals, like in
fraud detection, manufacturing, credit risk assessment, marketing, and government operations including law
enforcement.
KEYWORDS
Predictive analytics, Credit history, forecasting, Regression techniques
1. INTRODUCTION
Large amount of data available in information databases becomes waste until the useful information
is extracted. Predictive analytics is the roof of advanced analytics which is to predict the future
events. Predictive analytics is capsuled with the data collection and modelling, statistics and
deployment. The figure 1 gives the basis of predictive analysis. Based on the availability of high
quality data and effective sharing, the success of data mining relies.

2
The figure 1 gives the basis of predictive analysis.
The business users allow discovering the predictive intelligence by uncovering patterns and
relationships in both the structured and unstructured data through the data mining and text analytics
along with statistics. The structured data like gender, age, income .etc. Unstructured data are social
media and they are extracted data used in the model building process. The figure 2 explains the cycle
of predictive analytics.
The figure 2 explains the cycle of predictive analytics.
2. OVERVIEW
PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS
Predictive analytics encapsulated with statistical techniques from predictive modelling, data mining
and machine learning which are used to analyse the current and historical facts to found the
predictions about future [15]. In business, predictive analytics are used to identify risks and
opportunities. Predictive analytics are used in various fields such as marketing, finance, travel and
health care [10].
REGRESSION TECHNIQUES
A data mining function is regression which predicts a number. Regression techniques are used to
predict the age, weight, distance, and temperature [7]. In regression task starts with a dataset in that
Understand
the data
Deploy
Monitor
Prepare the
data
ModelEvaluate
Statistics Deploym
ent
Data
collection
and
Predicti
ve

3
the target values are known. Common applications of regression are trend analysis, biomedical and
financial forecasting [4]. There were various regression algorithms which are generalized linear
models and support vector machines [13].
FORECASTING
Forecasting focus towards the predictions of the future based past and present data [3, 14]. The
two terms are focussed on the forecasting are risk and uncertainty.
3. LITERATURE SURVEY
Carlos Márquez-Vera et al [1] A genetic programming algorithm and different data mining
approaches are proposed for solving challenge due to the high number of factors that can affect the
low performance of students and the imbalanced nature. Methodologies used to resolve are Data
Gathering, Pre-Processing, Data Mining, and Interpretation. Interpretable Classification Rule Mining
(ICRM) and SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique) algorithms are used. Student’s
data set from where data’s are collected.WEKA tool is used. Accuracy, True positive rate, True
negative rate and Geometric mean are the parameters for performance measurement. It results in the
accurate and comprehensible classification rules and it achieved the best predictions of student failure
(98.7 %).
Branko G. Celler et al [2] The telemonitoring of vital signs from the home for the management of
patients with chronic conditions. New measurement modalities and signal processing techniques are
proposed for increasing the ions about future.quality and value of vital signs monitoring. Automated
risk stratification algorithm is used. QRS height and width (ECG), PR (Pressure Rate), RR
(Respiratory Rate), QT (Abnormal heart rate) and Body temperature are the parameters. jBoss tool is
used. Data’s are taken from Department of Human Services Medicare databases and Telemonitoring
system data. It results in identifying the key technical performance characteristics of at-home
telemonitoring systems.
Hao-Tsung Yang et al [3] A neural network model to predict the value of playing style information
in predicting match quality. A mix of Sternberg’s thinking style theory and individual histories are
used to categorize League of Legend (LoL) players. The data’s are collected from LoLBase website.
The algorithms used are Feed forward/ feedback propagation algorithm and Match making algorithm.
Win rate, Match duration, Group number (ELO) are the parameters for performance measurement.
PYTHON is used. It finds that the presence of global-liberal (G-L) style players is positively
correlated with match enjoyment.
Jacob R. Scanlon et al [4] To forecast the daily level of cyber-recruitment activity of VE (violent
extremist) groups. LDA-based Topics as predictors within time series models reduce forecast error.
Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) algorithm is used in forecasting. Western jihadist discussion forum
is used as dataset. Number of posts and % of recruitment post (per day) are the parameters for
measurement. RTextTools and tm text mining packages in R are used. It achieves the automatic
forecast of VE cyber recruitment using natural language processing, supervised machine learning,
and time series analysis.
Quanzeng You, Liangliang Cao et al [5] To build a reliable forecasting system for the elections and
its modelled to figure out the inter relationship between social multimedia as image-centric and real-
world entities. Competitive Vector Auto Regression (CVAR) algorithm is used. By the competition
mechanism, CVAR compares the popularity among multiple competing candidates. Data’s are taken
from Flickr. Number of images, Number of users, images uploaded per day (IPD) and users
uploading images per day (UPD) are the parameters for measurement. OpenCV Tool is used. As a

4
result CVAR is able to take prior knowledge which leads to better performance in terms of prediction
accuracy.
Sean M. Arietta et al [6] A method which found and evaluate automatically to figure out predictive
relationships between the optic presence of a city and its non-visual attributes. Scalable distributed
processing framework is implemented that speeds up the main computational barrier by an order of
magnitude. Algorithms used are hard negative mining Algorithm, classification and recognition
algorithm and Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm. Datasets are from 10,000 Google StreetView
panorama projections (2,000 positives, 8,000 negatives) Training dataset. The parameters for
performance measurements are Number of Detections, % of Detections fromPositiveSet. MATLAB
is used. As a result it’s used to define the visual boundary of city neighbourhoods, generate walking
directions that prohibit or find exposure to city attributes and validate user-specified visual elements
for prediction.
Abish Malik, Ross Maciejewski et Al [7] A visual analytics approach that provides decision makers
with a proactive and predictive environment which helps themin making effective resource allocation
and deployment decisions. Analysts are provided with a suite of natural scale templates and methods
that enable them to focus and drill down to appropriate geospatial and temporal resolution levels.
Prediction algorithm is used. Accuracy, Average, Count and Time are the parameters for performance
measurement. This Methodology is applied to Criminal, Traffic and Civil (CTC) incident datasets. It
provides users with a suite of natural scale templates that support analysis at multiple spatiotemporal
granularity levels.
Ronaldo C. Prati et al [8] Various graphical performance evaluation methods are increasingly
drawing the consideration of data mining. Ability to depict the trade-offs between evaluation aspects
in a multidimensional area. Graphical evaluation methods are applicable for binary classification
problems. The predictive models deployed on Classification, Ranking, Probability estimation. The
parameters for performance measurements are True positive and false positive rate, precision and
recall. The Insurance Company (TIC).Benchmark data set includes 86- variables are used and the tool
used is WEKA- 3.5.8 version. ROC graph, ROC curve, cost lines, cost curve Precision-recall curves,
lift curve, Reliability diagram, ROI curve, Discrimination diagram and attribute diagram are different
graphical evaluation methods. It helps on deciding the methods which is well fitted for the situations.
Gang Fang, Gaurav Pandey et al [9]Discriminative patterns can provide valuable insights into
data sets with class labels. Low-support patterns that can be discovered using SupMaxPair. Per
pattern precision, Density, dimension, count and Frequency are the parameters for performance
measurement. Frequent pattern mining algorithm and discriminative pattern mining algorithms are
used. Synthetic and cancer gene expression data sets are used for prediction. This result in exploring
discriminative patterns by speculating patterns with relatively low support from dense and high-
dimensional data sets comparably the other approaches fall to explore within desired amount of time.
Nanlin Jin, Peter Flach et al [10] Data mining methods for exploring incredible consumption
patterns and their associated descriptive models from smart electricity meter data. Target concept,
Target type, Double regression, Coverage and Strategy type are the parameters for performance
measurement. Subgroup discovery algorithms and S-Transform algorithms are used. Data used were
collected by the Energy Demand Research Project (EDRP). Cortana tool is used. This approach
outperforms more conventional data mining methods in terms of their predictive power and
classification accuracy, while consuming similar computational resource.

5
4. COMPARISONS ON DIFFERENT PREDICTIVE ANALYTIC TECHNIQUES
Title Techniques
And
Algorithms
Datasets Parameter Conclusion
Predicting Student
Failure At School
Using Genetic
Programming
And Different
Data Mining
Approaches With
High Dimensional
And Imbalanced
Data
Data Gathering, Pre-
Processing, Data
Mining, And
Interpretation.
Interpretable
Classification Rule
Mining (ICRM) And
SMOTE (Synthetic
Minority Over-
Sampling Technique)
Algorithms
Student’s
Data Set
Accuracy, True
Positive Rate,
True Negative
Rate And
Geometric Mean
Accurate And
Comprehensib
le
Classification
Rules
Home
Telemonitoring
Of Vital Signs
Technical
Challenges And
Future Directions
Automated Risk
Stratification
Algorithm
Departme
nt Of
Human
Services
Medicare
Databases
And
Telemoni
toring
System
Data
QRS Height And
Width (ECG),
PR (Pressure
Rate), RR
(Respiratory
Rate), QT
(Abnormal Heart
Rate) And Body
Temperature
Identifying The
Key Technical
Performance
Characteristics
Of At-Home
Telemonitoring
Systems.
Thinking Style
And Team
Competition
Game
Performance And
Enjoyment
Feed Forward/
Feedback Propagation
Algorithm And Match
Making Algorithm.
Lolbase
Website
Win Rate, Match
Duration, Group
Number (ELO)
Finds That
The Presence
Of Global-
Liberal (G-L)
Style Players
Is Positively
Correlated
With Match
Enjoyment
Forecasting
Violent Extremist
Cyber
Recruitment
Latent Dirichlet
Allocation (LDA)
Algorithm
Western
Jihadist
Discussio
n Forum
Number Of Posts
And % Of
Recruitment Post
(Per Day)
Achieves The
Automatic
Forecast Of
VE Cyber
Recruitment
Using Natural
Language
Processing,
Supervised
Machine
Learning, And
Time Series
Analysis
A Multifaceted
Approach To
Social
Competitive Vector
Auto Regression
(CVAR) Algorithm
Flickr Number Of
Images, Number
Of Users, Images
Better
Performance In
Terms Of

6
Multimedia-
Based Prediction
Of Elections
Uploaded Per
Day (IPD) And
Users Uploading
Images Per Day
(UPD)
Prediction
Accuracy.
City Forensics:
Using Visual
Elements To
Predict Non-
Visual City
Attributes
Hard Negative Mining
Algorithm,
Classification And
Recognition
Algorithm And
Dijkstra’s Shortest
Path Algorithm
Google
Streetvie
w
Panorama
Projectio
ns
Training
Number Of
Detections, % Of
Detections From
Positive Set
Define The
Visual
Boundary Of
City
Neighbourhoo
ds, Generate
Walking
Directions
That Prohibit
Or Find
Exposure To
City Attributes
And Validate
User-Specified
Visual
Elements For
Prediction
Proactive
Spatiotemporal
Resource
Allocation And
Predictive Visual
Analytics For
Community
Policing And Law
Enforcement
Prediction Algorithm Criminal,
Traffic And
Civil
(CTC)
Incident
Datasets.
Accuracy,
Average, Count
And Time
It Provides
Users With A
Suite Of
Natural Scale
Templates That
Support
Analysis At
Multiple
Spatiotemporal
Granularity
Levels.
A Survey On
Graphical Methods
For Classification
Predictive
Performance
Evaluation
Graphical Evaluation
Methods
Insurance
Company
(TIC).Be
nchmark
Data Set
True Positive
And False
Positive Rate,
Precision And
Recall
It Helps On
Deciding The
Methods Which
Is Well Fitted
For The
Situations.
Mining Low-
Support
Discriminative
Patterns From
Dense And
High-
Dimensional
Data
Frequent Pattern
Mining Algorithm
And Discriminative
Pattern Mining
Algorithms
Synthetic
And
Cancer
Gene
Expressio
n Data
Sets
Per Pattern
Precision,
Density,
Dimension,
Count And
Frequency
Exploring
Discriminative
Patterns By
Speculating
Patterns With
Relatively Low
Support From
Dense And
High-
Dimensional
Data Sets
Comparably
The Other

7
Approaches
Fall To Explore
Within Desired
Amount Of
Time.
Subgroup
Discovery In
Smart Electricity
Meter Data
Subgroup Discovery
Algorithms And S-
Transform Algorithms
Energy
Demand
Research
Project
(EDRP)
Target Concept,
Target Type,
Double
Regression,
Coverage And
Strategy Type
Outperforms
More
Conventional
Data Mining
Methods In
Terms Of Their
Predictive
Power And
Classification
Accuracy,
While
Consuming
Similar
Computational
Resource.
5. CONCLUSION
Predictive analytics is the future of data mining .This study focus towards the predictive analytics,
regression techniques and forecasting in knowledge discovery domain. Business intelligence is used
in predictive analytics for modelling and forecasting. Predictive analytics are more efficient in
choosing marketing methods and helpful in social media analytics.
REFERENCES
[1] Carlos Márquez-Vera, Alberto Cano, Cristóbal Romero, Sebastián Ventura,“Predicting student failure at
school using genetic programming and different data mining approaches with high dimensional and
imbalanced data”, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012.
[2] Branko G. Celler, and Ross S. Sparks, “Home Telemonitoring of Vital Signs Technical Challenges and
Future Directions”, IEEE Journal Of Biomedical And Health Informatics, Vol. 19, No. 1, January 2015.
[3] Hao Wang, Hao-Tsung Yang, and Chuen-Tsai Sun,” Thinking Style and Team Competition Game
Performance and Enjoyment”, IEEE Transactions On Computational Intelligence And Ai In Games,
Vol. 7, No. 3, September 2015.
[4] Jacob R. Scanlon and Matthew S. Gerber, “Forecasting Violent Extremist Cyber Recruitment”, IEEE
Transactions On Information Forensics And Security, Vol. 10, No. 11, November 2015.
[5] Quanzeng You, Liangliang Cao, Yang Cong, Xianchao Zhang, and Jiebo Luo” A Multifaceted Approach
to Social Multimedia-Based Prediction of Elections”, IEEE Transactions On Multimedia, Vol. 17, No. 12,
December 2015.
[6] Sean M. Arietta Alexei A. Efros Ravi Ramamoorthi Maneesh Agrawala, “City Forensics: Using Visual
Elements to Predict Non-Visual City Attributes”, IEEE Transactions On Visualization And Computer
Graphics, Vol. 20, No. 12, December 2014.
[7] Abish Malik, Ross Maciejewski, Sherry Towers, Sean McCullough, and David S. Ebert,” Proactive
Spatiotemporal Resource Allocation and Predictive Visual Analytics for Community Policing and Law
Enforcement”, IEEE Transactions On Visualization And Computer Graphics, Vol. 20, No. 12, December
2014.
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8
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Elements to Predict Non-Visual City Attributes”, IEEE Transactions On Visualization And Computer
Graphics, Vol. 20, No. 12, December 2014.
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so many people? Explaining Nonhabitual Transport Overcrowding With Internet Data”, IEEE
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