ADVANCED TELECOM BSNL

A
PRESENTATION
ON
ADVANCED TELECOM
PRESENTATED BY:
ASHISH NANDAN
(EXAMATION ROLL NO.:14800315023)
(UNIVERSITY REGISTRATION NO.:151480110208
OF 2015-16)
UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF
MR. SUBHABRATA BANERJEE
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
FUTURE INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
AND MANAGEMENT

contents
 Introduction
 Overview of Telecommunication Networks
 Digital Switching Principles
 Fiber Optics Communication Principles
 Mobile Communication Principles
 Broadband DSL Technologies
 Intelligent Network
 Next Generation Network
 Conclusion

introduction
 Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited is the world's seventh largest telecommunication company.
 Its responsibilities includes improvement of the quality of already installed telecom services,
expansion of telecom services in rural areas and acquiring confidence among its customers.
 It provides a comprehensive range of services in India, which include wireless connections,
CDMA mobile, GSM lines, Internet, broadband, MPLS-VPN (multi protocol label switching-
virtual private network), VSAT (very small aperture terminal) WIMAX,FTTHand VOIP (voice
over Internet protocol).
 Within this short span of time, it has also become one of the largest public sector companies
in India.

Overview of Telecommunication Networks
 The TELECOM sector plays a key role in modern society.
 Telecommunications has entered a deregulated and fiercely competitive
environment with many vendors, carriers, and services.
 Telecommunication technology is moving towards open, converged and
multiservice digital networks for voice, data, video, and multimedia applications.
 The traditional areas of telecom, Internet, IT, and broadcast TV are rapidly
converged to form a new sector: information and communication technologies
(ICT).
 The result of an implementation of constantly developing technique is co-
existence of multiple network solutions, innovative devices, systems and
applications from different developers and vendors.

Digital Switching Principles
 A Digital switching system, is one in which signals are switched in
digital form. These signals may represent speech or data. The digital
signals of several speech samples are time multiplexed on a common
media before being switched through the system.
 To connect any two subscribers, it is necessary to interconnect the
time-slots of the two speech samples which may be on same or
different PCM highways.
 The digitalised speech samples are switched in two modes, viz., Time
Switching and Space Switching

Signaling in Telecom
Network:
1)Subscriber Signaling: Signaling
systems used between the
exchange and subscriber
equipment
2) Trunk Signaling :Trunk
signaling are signals used
between public exchanges. They
are used to connect exchanges.
Subscriber
Signaling
Trunk
signaling
Subscriber
Signaling
exchg2exchg1

Fiber Optics Communication Principles
Optical Fibre is new medium, in which
information (voice, Data or Video) is
transmitted through a glass or plastic fiber,
in the form of light, following the
transmission sequence give below :
 Information is encoded into electrical
signals.
 Electrical signals are converted into light
signals.
 Light travels down the fibre.
 A detector changes the light signals
into electrical signals.
 Electrical signals are decoded into
information.

ADVANTAGES OF FIBRE OPTICS :
 Optical Fibers are non conductive (Being a
dielectric) - It cannot cause fire, Does not carry
electricity, It cannot cause fire.
 Electromagnetic Immunity
 Large Bandwidth (> 5.0 GHz for 1 km length)
 Low Loss (5 dB/km to < 0.25 dB/km typical)
 Small, Light weight cables
 Available in Long lengths (> 12 kms)
 Security(Highly secure transmission medium)
 Universal medium (Serve all communication
needs)

APPLICATION OF FIBRE OPTICS IN
COMMUNICATIONS :
 Common carrier nationwide
networks.
 Telephone Inter-office Trunk lines.
 Customer premise communication
networks.
 Undersea cables.
 High EMI areas (Power lines, Rails,
Roads).
 Factory communication/
Automation.
 Control systems.
 Expensive environments.
 High lightening areas.
 Military applications.

Transmission
Sequence:
1. Information is
Encoded into
Electrical Signals.
2. Electrical Signals are
Converted into light
Signals.
3. Light Travels Down
the Fiber.
4. A Detector Changes
the Light Signals into
Electrical Signals.
5. Electrical Signals are
Decoded into
Information.

Mobile Communication Principles
 Principles of Mobile Communication provides an authoritative treatment of the fundamentals
of mobile communications, one of the fastest growing areas of the modern
telecommunications industry.
Cellular
Principles:
 More capacity than a single large
transmitter, since the same
frequency can be used for
multiple links as long as they are
in different cells
 Mobile devices use less power
than with a single transmitter or
satellite since the cell towers are
closer
 Larger coverage area than a
single terrestrial transmitter, since
additional cell towers can be
added indefinitely and are not
limited by the horizon

GSM (Global System for Mobile
communications):
 It is a standard developed by the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to
describe the protocols for second-generation
digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such
as tablets.
 GSM" is a trademark owned by the GSM Association It
may also refer to the (initially) most common voice
codec used, Full Rate
 GSM is combination of TDMA (Time Division Multiple
Access), FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)
and Frequency hopping.
CDMA
 Code-division multiple access (CDMA) is a channel
access method used by various radio communication
technologies.
 CDMA is an example of multiple access, where several
transmitters can send information simultaneously over a
single communication channel

 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a packet oriented mobile data standard on the 2G and 3G
cellular communication network's global system for mobile communications(GSM).
 GPRS is a best-effort service, implying variable throughput and latency that depend on the
number of other users sharing the service concurrently.
 In 2G systems, GPRS provides data rates of 56–114 Kbit/sec.
EDGE:
 It is a data system used on top of GSM networks.
 It provides nearly three times faster speeds than the outdated GPRS system.
 The theoretical maximum speed is 473 kbps but it is typically limited to 135 kbps.
 EDGE is standardized also by 3GPP as part of the GSM family.
 EDGE can be used for any packet switched application, such as an Internet connection.
GPRS:

Broadband DSL Technologies
 Digital subscriber line (DSL; originally digital
subscriber loop) is a family of technologies
that are used to transmit digital data
over telephone lines.
 In telecommunications marketing, the term
DSL is widely understood to
mean asymmetric digital subscriber
line(ADSL), the most commonly installed DSL
technology, for Internet access.
 The bit rate of consumer DSL services
typically ranges from 256 kbit/sec to over
100 Mbit/sec
 DSL service can be delivered simultaneously
with wired telephone service on the same
telephone line since DSL uses
higher frequency bands for data

Intelligent Network
 IT PROVIDES DIFFERENT USEFUL SERVICES.
 ALL USEFUL SERVICES ARE CENTRALLIZED IN A SPECIAL PURPOSE COMPUTER.
 FOR NORMAL CALL, SWITCHES DO NOT CONTACT WITH THE SPECIAL
COMPUTER.
The IN is an extension to the existing telephone network. It is an architectural concept for
the operation and provision of new services quickly, flexibly, economically and efficiently.
Different “IN” services:
 Free Phone Service (FPH)
 India Telephone Card (Prepaid card)
 Tele-voting
 Premium Rate Service (PRM)
 Voice VPN
 ACC ( ACCOUNT CARD CALLING )

Users & providers of IN Service:
 Network Provider -The company that is responsible for
the telephony network planning and maintenance.
 Service Provider -The Company or institution that
purchases IN services from the network provider and
provides it to Service subscribers. It is the organisation
which creates, manages and markets the service.
 Service subscriber -The company, institution or
individual that purchases IN services from the Service
provider. One who subscribes for the service and
registers with the service provider.
 Calling Subscriber-A Party or Calling party, the person
who dials IN number.
 Called Subscriber- B party or Called Party, the person
who answers the IN call. Calling and called party are
collectively referred to as users.
 User- One who uses the service. He does NOT require
subscribe to the service.

ISDN
 Integrated Services Digital Network is a set of communication standards for
simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, data, and other network services over the
traditional circuits of the public switched telephone network.
 ISDN is a circuit-switched telephone network system.
 It also provides access to packet switched networks.
 Designed to allow digital transmission of voice and data over ordinary telephone copper wires.

Next Generation Network
 The next-generation
network (NGN) is a body of key
architectural changes
in telecommunication core and ac
cess networks.
 The general idea behind the NGN
is that one network transports all
information and services.
 NGN is a different concept
from Future Internet, which is
more focused on the evolution of
Internet in terms of the variety
and interactions of services
offered.

Conclusion
 Communication is essential for eo-operation, collaboration, co-ordination, monitoring,
managing and messaging.
 Telecom is the basis for good communication, through which user can transmit voice,
data, and ultimately video.
 The history of relationship of telecommunication technology and telecommunication
services has been closely linked.
 Telecom technology becomes a critical element for all information.
 Telecom is considered to be the prime mover at least in the advanced countries for
economy, commerce, social and cultural development.
 The ultimate, benefit of telecom is to distribute development more equitably.
 Indeed, on the average, digital communication capabilities have doubled about every
5years ever since 1850.

ADVANCED TELECOM BSNL

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