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User Stories, Prioritization, Estimation &
Enhanced Process Flow
Rosario Poulraj
INVEST Model
NDEPENDENT EGOTIABLE ALUABLE
STIMABLE MALL
ESTABLE
SMART Tasks
MART EASURABLE CHIEVABLE
EALISTIC IMEBOUND
Functional vs Technical Stories
Spike Story
• Used for activities such as research, design, investigation, exploration,
and prototyping
• Cannot be estimated until a development team runs a time boxed
investigation
• The output of a spike is an estimate for the original story
Definition of Done (Technical Stories)
 Code Review
 Documentation
 Unit Testing
 Demo
Definition of Done (Spike Story)
 Proof Of Concept (POC)
 Review (for the approach)
 Further Story Split up (if feasible)
 Estimation of related Stories
 Documentation
Prioritization - Factors & Models
Kano Model
1. Threshold (Must have)
2. Linear Features
3. Exciters & Delighters
MoSCoW Model
1. Must have
2. Should have
3. Could have
4. Won't have
Risk-Value Model
1. High Risk – High Value
2. Low Risk – High Value
3. Low Risk – Low Value
4. High Risk – Low Value
Core Factors
 Financial Value
 Cost of development
 Amount of Learning while development
 Amount of risk can be removed by developing
Patterns for Splitting User Stories
Strategy 1: Breaking down by workflow steps
Strategy 2: Breaking down by business rules (Special Cases)
Strategy 3: Breaking down by happy / unhappy flow (Validations)
Strategy 4: Breaking down by input options / platform (mobile, desktop, touchscreen)
Strategy 6: Breaking down by operations (CRUD operations - Create, Update or Delete)
Strategy 7: Breaking down by test scenarios / test case
Strategy 8: Break down items based on identified acceptance criteria
Strategy 9: Break Out a Spike
Titel der Präsentation / Abteilung / Datum / Seite 11
Software Estimation - Techniques
 Work Breakdown Structure - WBS (Man Days)
 Function Points (Functional Size Measurement (FSM) of Software)
 Relative Sizing (Story Points / T-shirt)
Titel der Präsentation / Abteilung / Datum / Seite 12
Merits of Relative Estimation (Story Points – High Level Planning)
 Commitment as a “Team” rather than “Individual” (High level plan)
 Story-points estimation is typically faster and Easy to perform
 Story Points reduces fear of commitment (individual)
 Less Pressure on the team, as there is no hourly estimate in the Story level
 Less stress brings better estimates as a Team
 Story Points invites collaboration as team behavior becomes prominent over individuals
 There is credible evidence that humans are good in relative estimation compared to absolute.
Titel der Präsentation / Abteilung / Datum / Seite 13
Merits of Task Estimates (in Hours)
 Absolute Estimates at Lower (Resource) level
 Really feasible (in hours) at the task level rather than the story level (big piece)
 Hourly estimate is more specific to the team member’s ability, hence it differs from person to person
 Individuals can refer the previous tasks, learn from the mistakes to achieve the perfection in upcoming
Task estimates
 Based on the available capacity, the velocity can be re-defined
Titel der Präsentation / Abteilung / Datum / Seite 15
Backlog Grooming - Process
Titel der Präsentation / Abteilung / Datum / Seite 16
Sprint Planning (Project XXXXXX)
Project : XXXXXXX
Problem : Too big stories could
not be completed in single sprint
End-goal :Refined Stories
Solution : Altered workflow with
enhanced backlog grooming

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Agile processpresentation-for-my-project-xxxxxxxx

  • 1. User Stories, Prioritization, Estimation & Enhanced Process Flow Rosario Poulraj
  • 2. INVEST Model NDEPENDENT EGOTIABLE ALUABLE STIMABLE MALL ESTABLE
  • 3. SMART Tasks MART EASURABLE CHIEVABLE EALISTIC IMEBOUND
  • 5. Spike Story • Used for activities such as research, design, investigation, exploration, and prototyping • Cannot be estimated until a development team runs a time boxed investigation • The output of a spike is an estimate for the original story
  • 6. Definition of Done (Technical Stories)  Code Review  Documentation  Unit Testing  Demo
  • 7. Definition of Done (Spike Story)  Proof Of Concept (POC)  Review (for the approach)  Further Story Split up (if feasible)  Estimation of related Stories  Documentation
  • 8. Prioritization - Factors & Models Kano Model 1. Threshold (Must have) 2. Linear Features 3. Exciters & Delighters MoSCoW Model 1. Must have 2. Should have 3. Could have 4. Won't have Risk-Value Model 1. High Risk – High Value 2. Low Risk – High Value 3. Low Risk – Low Value 4. High Risk – Low Value Core Factors  Financial Value  Cost of development  Amount of Learning while development  Amount of risk can be removed by developing
  • 9. Patterns for Splitting User Stories Strategy 1: Breaking down by workflow steps Strategy 2: Breaking down by business rules (Special Cases) Strategy 3: Breaking down by happy / unhappy flow (Validations) Strategy 4: Breaking down by input options / platform (mobile, desktop, touchscreen) Strategy 6: Breaking down by operations (CRUD operations - Create, Update or Delete) Strategy 7: Breaking down by test scenarios / test case Strategy 8: Break down items based on identified acceptance criteria Strategy 9: Break Out a Spike
  • 10. Titel der Präsentation / Abteilung / Datum / Seite 11 Software Estimation - Techniques  Work Breakdown Structure - WBS (Man Days)  Function Points (Functional Size Measurement (FSM) of Software)  Relative Sizing (Story Points / T-shirt)
  • 11. Titel der Präsentation / Abteilung / Datum / Seite 12 Merits of Relative Estimation (Story Points – High Level Planning)  Commitment as a “Team” rather than “Individual” (High level plan)  Story-points estimation is typically faster and Easy to perform  Story Points reduces fear of commitment (individual)  Less Pressure on the team, as there is no hourly estimate in the Story level  Less stress brings better estimates as a Team  Story Points invites collaboration as team behavior becomes prominent over individuals  There is credible evidence that humans are good in relative estimation compared to absolute.
  • 12. Titel der Präsentation / Abteilung / Datum / Seite 13 Merits of Task Estimates (in Hours)  Absolute Estimates at Lower (Resource) level  Really feasible (in hours) at the task level rather than the story level (big piece)  Hourly estimate is more specific to the team member’s ability, hence it differs from person to person  Individuals can refer the previous tasks, learn from the mistakes to achieve the perfection in upcoming Task estimates  Based on the available capacity, the velocity can be re-defined
  • 13. Titel der Präsentation / Abteilung / Datum / Seite 15 Backlog Grooming - Process
  • 14. Titel der Präsentation / Abteilung / Datum / Seite 16 Sprint Planning (Project XXXXXX)
  • 15. Project : XXXXXXX Problem : Too big stories could not be completed in single sprint End-goal :Refined Stories Solution : Altered workflow with enhanced backlog grooming