AJ-ch01.intro Zeid.ppt

CAD / CAM
Introductory presentation
by
Ajay Konapala
Asst Prof
MVGR College of Engg
TEXT BOOKS :
CAD/CAM Principles & Applications – 2nd edition , by P N Rao
References:
CAD / CAM A Zimmers & P.Groover/PE/PHI
CAD / CAMTheory and Practice / Ibrahim Zeid /TMH

Preface
 Provide background on basic concepts and
principles underlying the CAD/CAM systems.
 Courses:
 Interactive computer graphics focus
 Geometric modeling focus
 CAD / CAE focus
 CAM focus

1 Introduction
 1.1 CAD/CAM Contents andTools
 1.2 History of CAD/CAM Development
 1.3 CAD/CAM MarketTrends
 1.4 Definitions of CAD/CAMTools
 1.5 Industrial Look at CAD/CAM
 1.6 Book Approach
 1.7 Book Organization

1.1 CAD/CAM Contents and Tools
 2 main process of Industry:
Design + Manufacturing
 2 sub-process of design: Synthesis + Analysis
 The end goal of the synthesis is a conceptual design of the
prospective product
 The analysis evaluate the performance of the expected product
 Computer prototypes: Less expensive and faster
to generate

Fig. 1-1 Typical product cycle

CAD/CAM Contents and Tools . . .
 Manufacturing process begins with the
process planning.
 Process planning is the backbone of the
manufacturing process.
 The outcome of the process planning is a
production plan, tools procurement,
material order, and machine programming.

Fig. 1-2 Implementation of
A typical CAD process on
a CAD/CAM system

CAD/CAM Contents and Tools . . .
 The geometric model to CAD is analogous to
the mathematical model to engineering
analysis
 The core of the CAD tools are geometric
modeling and graphics applications.

Fig. 1-3 Implementation of
A typical CAM process
On a CAD/CAM system

1.2 History of CAD/CAM
 4 major phases of development
 1950s: Start of interactive computer graphics,
 CRT (Cathode RayTube), NC (Numerical Control),
 APT (Automatically ProgrammedTools)
 1960s: Critical research period for interactive computer
graphics
 Sketchpad by Ivan Sutherland, CAD,
 Lockheed initiated CADAM(Computer Aided Design &
Manufacturing),
 Storage tube-based turnkey system

History of CAD/CAM . . .
 1970s: Potential of interactive computer graphics was
realized by industry,
 SIGGRAPH, NCGA, IGES(Initial Graphics Exchange Specification),
 Golden era for computer drafting,
 Wireframe modeling
 1980s: CAD/CAM heady years of research,
 Integration, Solid modeling
 1990s: PDM(Product Data Management),CALS(Computer-Aided
Acquisition and Logistics Support),VR(Virtual Reality),CIM,

1.3 CAD/CAM Market Trends
 Microcomputers and engineering
workstations (EWS).
 Traditional turnkey systems.
 The key factor to the future success of
CAD/CAM is the development of versatile
tools for design and manufacturing
applications

Fig.1-4 CAD/CAM
market by
end-user industry

Fig.1-5 CAD/CAM
market by
application type

1.4 Definition of CAD/CAM Tools
 CAD tools can vary from geometric tools,
such as manipulations of graphics entities
and interference checking, on one extreme,
to customized (domain specific) application
programs, such as developing analysis and
optimization routines, on the other extreme

Fig.1-6 Definition of CAD tools based on constituents

Fig. 1-7 Definition of CAD tools based on implementation

Fig. 1-8 Definition of CAM tools based on constituents

Fig. 1-9 Definition of CAM tools based on implementation

CAM Tools . . .
 2 main factors that determine the success of
CAM implementation
 the link between CAD and CAM must be a two-
way route
 the hardware and software networking of the
various CAM elements
 Timely synchronization among robots, vision
systems, manufacturing cells, material
handling systems, and other shop-floor tasks
is most important

Fig. 1-10 Definition of CAD/CAM tools based on constituents

Fig. 1-11 Definition of CAD/CAM tools based
on implementation in an Engg Environment

1.5 Industrial Look at CAD/CAM
 Thus far, technology driven.
 Learning the generic basic concepts behind
different CAD/CAM systems is valuable.
 3 types of modeling: wireframe, surfaces, solid
 If the system's standard software cannot handle
the problem, a customized software may be
developed using the programming language
(Macro, API programming)

Fig. 1-12 Typical utilization
of typical CAD/CAM systems

2D CAD system
For drawing
AutoCAD of Autodesk, Microstation of Bentley System
Mid-range 3D CAD system
Low performance system for design tech.
Inventor of Autodesk, SolidWorks of SolidWorks
Corporation,
SolidEdge of UGS
High-end 3D CAD system
Contain variable function(design, analysis, manufacturing)
Pro/Engineer of PTC, CATIA of Dassault, Unigraphics NX
of UGS
Commercial CAD systems

PLM(Product Lifecycle Management)
• Lifecycle management or solution. From concept design to detail
component modeling, manufacturing, destroying, and service
• A concept for manufacturing on computer without paper
• CAD information is core information of PLM using whole process
PLM concept

1.6 Book Approach
 1 ) Geometric modeling and computer
graphics concepts
 2) CAM concepts
 Influence of design on manufacturing
 CAD and CAM integration
 3) Problems section
 Test concepts
 Use a CAD/CAM system
 Programming
 4) Bibliography

Book Approach . . .
 Provide students with 3 basic packages
 modeling and graphics
 applications
 programming

1.7 Book Organization
 6 major parts
 First 3 parts: fundamentals
 Last 3 parts: tools and applications

AJ-ch01.intro Zeid.ppt

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