Android operating system
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Android is an open-source, Linux-based operating system originally designed for touchscreen mobile devices. It was developed by Android Inc., which was acquired by Google in 2005. The Open Handset Alliance was formed in 2007 to develop open standards for Android. The first Android phone, the HTC Dream, was released in 2008. Android uses the Linux kernel and is designed to manage processes and power usage for battery-powered devices. It allows extensive customization and has a large selection of third-party apps available. Some key features of Android include its customizable interface, virtual reality support through Daydream, and its use in various other fields through later versions like Android Auto for cars and Android Wear for smartwatches.
Android operating system
- 2. INTRODUCTION • Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on the Linux kernel and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices. • It was initially developed by Android inc. which later become a part of google.
- 3. HISTORY OF ANDROID • Android Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California in October 2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears, and Chris White. • In July 2005, Google acquired Android Inc. for at least $50 million . Its key employees, including Rubin, Miner and White, joined Google as part of the acquisition.
- 4. ANDROID INC. FOUNDERS • Andy Rubin • Rich Miner • Nick Sears • Chris White
- 5. OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE • The Open Handset Alliance (OHA) is a consortium of 34 firms to develop open standards for mobile devices. • The OHA was established on 5 November 2007, led by Google with 34 members, including mobile handset makers, application developers, some mobile carriers and chip makers.
- 6. MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS OF OHA
- 7. FIRST ANDROID PHONE • HTC Dream or T-Mobile G1, the first commercially released device running Android (2008).
- 9. ARCHITECTURE OF ANDROID • Dalvik virtual machine(DVM) • Linux kernel 2.6 or 3.4 • C/C++ libraries • Interface through java
- 10. APPLICATIONS OF ANDROID Android provide a set a core applications :- • Email client • SMS program • Calendar • Maps • Browser • Contacts etc.
- 11. MAJOR FEATURES OF ANDROID • Interface • Application Software • Memory Management • Virtual Reality • Customization
- 12. INTERFACE Android's default user interface is mainly based on direct manipulation, using touch inputs that loosely correspond to real-world actions, like swiping, tapping, pinching, and reverse pinching to manipulate on-screen objects, along with a virtual keyboard.
- 13. APPLICATION SOFTWARE Android has a growing selection of third-party applications, which can be acquired by users by downloading and installing the application's APK (Android application package) file, or by downloading them using an application store program that allows users to install, update, and remove applications from their devices.
- 14. MEMORY MANAGEMENT Since Android devices are usually battery-powered, Android is designed to manage processes to keep power consumption at a minimum. When an application is not in use the system suspends its operation so that, while available for immediate use rather than closed, it does not use battery power or CPU resources.
- 15. VIRTUAL REALITY Google announced Daydream, a virtual reality platform that relies on a smartphone and provides VR capabilities through a virtual reality headset and controller designed by Google itself. The platform is built into Android starting with Android Nougat.
- 16. CUSTOMIZATION • Android allows its user to customize itself in many ways to suit the user needs. It provides its user to change the look and feel of user interface, to add several developer feature to gain more control on their smartphone. • Rooting an Android smartphone gives the user almost full control over there device but it can be dangerous as it could damage the device permanently.
- 17. ROOTING IN ANDROID • Rooting is a process to gain access to special control over android subsystem. As android uses linux kernel it gives user the same privileged as a superuser in Linux or any other Unix like system. • It is often done to gain permission to remove those limitations posed by manufacturers on devices to perform system level changes in the device.
- 18. ADVANTAGES OF ROOTING • Full control over internal working of system like making changes in kernel of OS • Gain control over the visual appearance of system from theme to battery icon • Full application control from backup to remove to remove bloatware • Flash a custom rom on your phone like LineageOS
- 19. DISADVANTAGES OF ROOTING • It can cause permanent damage to your phone • Disabling the warranty • Problems with updates • Vulnerable for novice users
- 20. OTHER FEATURES OF ANDROID • Supports wireless communication • Supports all audio/video/still media formats • Database for storage(SQLite) • Messaging services • Web browser(safari webkit)
- 21. GAMING ON ANDROID • Android is one of the popular platform for handheld gaming • It uses 2D & 3D graphic accelerators for better gaming performance • Games are developed on android using game engines like Unity, BOX2D etc.
- 22. ONE OF THE POPULAR GAMES ON ANDROID ARE MADE IN UNITY GAME ENGINE
- 23. ANDROID VS IOS • Interface : Both have similar interface in comparison but android provide widgets on its home screen where iOS fails to do so. • UserXperience : In terms of UX iOS has better ratings then android, as iOS has a single UX for all its devices while in android it varies with manufacturer. • Apps available : In terms of 3rd party applications android has roughly 600,00 apps while iOS has roughly more than 700,000 apps on its store. • Stability : android has stability issues in previous versions but now it is fully functional for heavy performance without a scratch.
- 24. • Cost price : android has been able to reduce its cost so it is much cheaper than iOS. • Device selection : android is tied up with number of manufacturers, so a large pool of devices is available for purchasing ; whereas iOS only come along with its home model. • Email client : Default email client of android and Gmail provide far better UX than any other email client • Voice assistant : google assistant is better in understanding the need of user than any other assistant like Siri which is packed with iOS. • No. of users : A number of manufacturers built devices with android which are cheap and affordable so android has more than of half of the mobile OS market share than combining all others together.
- 25. ADVANTAGES OF ANDROID • Easy multitasking • Can install Custom ROM • Huge array of apps for free • Ease of notification • Widgets • Highly Customizable
- 26. DISADVANTAGES OF ANDROID • Battery life is not long • Internet connection is most of the time required • Heck of advertising • Risk of viruses through unknown app installation
- 27. FUTURE OF ANDROID Google after developing android for mobile platforms started developing the android further to use in various other fields like automobile, fitness and entertainment. Google in 2014 announces it new projects on android in its annual conference Google i/o 2014 which were Android Auto, Android wear and Android TV
- 28. ANDROID AUTO • Android auto is a smartphone projection which allows user to control the smartphone from cars dashboards • The device must run on android version 5.0 or higher to support this. • Major functions which are supported by android auto are maps navigation, music playback, telephony, web search etc.
- 29. ANDROID AUTO • Hyundai was the first manufacturer to produce a car supporting android auto.
- 30. ANDROID WEAR • It is the smartwatch version of android by google for wristwatches and other wearables. • It requires android 4.3 or higher for support. • It allows user to download application from play store as per requirement. • It supports a range of features like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and calling features. Main use for the smartwatches is to provide real time notification to the users.
- 31. ANDROID WEAR • Major manufacturers of android wear are Samsung , LG, Huawei and Motorola etc.
- 32. ANDROID TV • Android tv is a Smart tv platform developed by google, powered by android. • Users are allowed to download apps from play store also to surf streaming services like Netflix. • It emphasizes on voice search for quick searching of content or to answer queries. • It support Chromecast.
- 33. ANDROID TV • Major manufacturers of android tv are Sony, Sharp and Philips.
- 34. PRESENTED BY : AYUSH AGARWAL