Android report.
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Android is an open source operating system developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance. It uses a Linux kernel with Java applications running in a Dalvik virtual machine. The Android architecture includes libraries and APIs for application developers as well as core applications. Developers can create Android apps using Java in the Eclipse IDE along with the Android SDK. While Android offers an open development platform, security and lack of control by Google are potential disadvantages.
Android report.
- 2. 1. History of Android 2. Introduction 3. Architecture 4. Application development 5. Conclusion Main topics
- 3. 1.History of Android •Android Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California, United States •Developed by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears and Cris White – October 2003 •Google acquired Android Inc. August 2005 •The Open Handset Alliance, a group of several companies was formed- November 2007 •Android Beta SDK Released November 2007
- 4. Versions of Android Platform codename ANDROID 1.5 CUPCAKE ANDROID 1.6 DONUT ANDROID 2.1 ECLAIR ANDROID 2.2 FROYO ANDROID 2.3 GINGER BREAD ANDROID 3.0 HONEY COMB ANDROID 4.0 ICECREAM SANDWITCH ANDROID 4.2 JELLY BEAN Coming up…….. KEY LIME PIE
- 5. 2. Introduction (1) What is an Android? Android is an open source mobile operating system that combines and builds upon many different open source projects.
- 6. 2. Introduction (2) • We can write different apps to run on mobile phones • Android is Lightweight and full featured • Android is an Open Source Product, we can download SDK free • A SDK is available to build, compile, test and debug user applications • Android is developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA) • Allows writing managed code in the Java language • Good framework based on Java
- 7. 2. Introduction (3) What is the Open Handset Alliance (OHA)? • It's a large group of companies.
- 9. Linux Kernel • Linux Version 2.6 as - h/w abstraction layer • Proven driver model • Security, Memory & Process Management • Efficient computing resource management • Stable and proven for mobile platform
- 10. LIBRARIES • Written in C/C++ - System C Library(libc) • Surface manager - composing different drawing screens • Display/Graphics(SGL)-for 2D graphics • OpenGLES – 3D Graphics Library • Media Libraries • SQLite –RDB engine-light weight • WebKit–web browser engine–embeddable web view
- 11. Content provider Enable applications access data from other applications ,sharing etc. Resource Manager Providing access to non-code resources Notification Manager Enables all applications to display alerts in the status bar Activity Manager Manages the lifecycle of applications Application Framework
- 12. Android Runtime Core libraries • Includes a set of core libraries that provides most of the functionality-JAVA Dalvik VM • Every Android application runs in its own process • Uses its own bytecode, not Java bytecode. • Dalvik VM executes files in the (.dex) format • Device can run multiple VMs efficiently
- 13. At the top of Android Architecture we have all the applications, which are used by the final user. Application Layer
- 14. Application Building Blocks Activity User interface component, which corresponds to one screen at time. Intent Receiver Wakes up a predefined action through the external event. Service A task, which is done in the background. Content Provider A component, which allows sharing some of the data with other processes and applications. 4. Application development (1)
- 15. Development requirements •Java(jdk). •Android SDK •Eclipse IDE 4. Application development (2)
- 16. Android SDK •Class Library •Developer Tools dx – Dalvik Cross-Assembler aapt – Android Asset Packaging Tool adb – Android Debug Bridge ddms – Dalvik Debug Monitor Service •Emulator and System Images •Documentation and Sample Code Eclipse IDE + ADT (Android Development Tools) •Reduces Development and Testing Time •Makes User Interface-Creation easier •Makes Application Description Easier 4. Application development (3)
- 17. Supported Operating Systems •Windows XP, Vista or later version. •Mac OS X 10.5.8 or later(x86 only). •Linux(tested on Ubuntu Linux, Lucid Lynx). •On Ubuntu Linux, Version 8.04 or later is required. 4. Application development (4)
- 18. Programming Language(s) •Java – officially supported •C/C++ – also possible but not supported 4. Software development (3)
- 19. Open - Android allows you to access core mobile device functionality through standard API calls. All applications are equal - Android does not differentiate between the phone's basic and third-party applications -- even the dialer or home screen can be replaced. Breaking down boundaries - Combine information from the web with data on the phone -- such as contacts or geographic location -- to create new user experiences. Fast and easy development - The SDK contains what you need to build and run Android applications, including a true device emulator and advanced debugging tools. Advantages
- 20. Security - Making source code available to everyone inevitably invites the attention of black hat hackers. Incompetence - Google’s dependence on hardware and carrier partners puts the final product out of their control. Disadvantages
- 21. We can only hope that the next versions of Android have overcome the actual limitations and that the future possibilities became a reality. The first Android based official devices may well be launched sometime in the early half of 2009. Obviously, that's an age away when it comes to handset design, and Android may well find itself competing against the forthcoming Windows touch screen phones and maybe even the iPhone. Conclusion