APA 7th edition - Referencing the basics (2021)
- 1. APA Referencing: The Basics Library https://unihub.mdx.ac.uk/study/library
- 2. Learn: • Why you need to use references in your academic work • What are references and citations • The differences between quoting and paraphrasing • How to create references on Library Search • How to check that your references are correct • Creating references using the APA style.
- 3. Why reference? • Highlight and back-up relevant points and facts • Demonstrate that you have read widely • Give credit to the author/creator • Achieve a better mark or grade • Reader can locate original source used • Avoid plagiarism. Adapted from: https://www.citethemrightonline.com/Basics/what-is-referencing
- 4. How do I know which referencing style to use? • Most students at Middlesex University are expected to use the Harvard referencing style • However some programmes such as engineering, psychology and law use different styles • Your module or programme handbook will tell you which style to use • If you are not sure, ask you Module Leader or Student Learning Assistant • This guide covers APA 7th ed.
- 5. What are citations and references? Citations are used in the text of your essay and show the reader where you have got your information or facts from i.e. from a book, journal article or web page. They should be used whenever you quote or paraphrase information in your work. There are two main ways of using citations in your work. References are located at the end of your essay (i.e. the reference list) and will be an alphabetical list (by author) of all the items you have cited. You can see examples of APA citations and reference lists on the following slides.
- 6. Using citations and references (APA) Citations: According to Chapman & Dixon (2009) recent development in multimedia technology have led to a ten-fold increase in the ownership of………. Ownership of hand-held digital devices has increased ten-fold due to recent developments in multimedia technology (Chapman & Dixon, 2009). Reference list: Arundal, T. (2016, July 7). Ignore new technology at your peril. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/media-network/2016/jul/07/ignore-new- technology-at-your-peril Chapman, N., & Dixon, J. (2009). Digital multimedia (3rd ed.). John Wiley. Foster, B. (2017). Developments in multimedia. Addison-Wesley. Wright, P. (2005). Rapid prototyping in consumer product design. Communications of the ACM, 48(6), 36-41.
- 7. Quoting and Paraphrasing (APA) Original text as found in a book: The massive collection of data by the AML technologies that populate the intelligent environment enables extensive profiling, which in turn is necessary to deliver the benefits delivered by AML. Quoted in your essay: According to Hart, Smith, et al. “the massive collection of data by the AML technologies that populate the intelligent environment enables extensive profiling, which in turn is necessary to deliver the benefits delivered by AML” (2008). Paraphrased in your essay: In order for AML technologies to perform correctly they must collect profiles. As a result, it is necessary for them to collect a large amount of data (Hart, Smith, et al. 2008). Reference: Hart, N., Smith, G., & Wilson, J. (2008) Technologies for fraud detection and prevention (3rd ed.). John Wiley.
- 8. Click on ‘Sign-in’, choose ‘Middlesex University’ and use your University email address and IT password. Create references with Library Search myUniHub > My Study > My Library > Library Search Search for information on Library Search. Once you have a list of useful items you can start to create references which you can use in your academic work.
- 9. To create a reference… …click on the quotation mark (“” ) and select the referencing style that you require i.e. APA. You MUST use Cite Them Right Online, to check that the reference created is correct. You will probably need to make a few small changes. Access: myUniHub > MyStudy > MyLibrary > Databases > C > Cite Them Right Online. See example on next slide. A reference is created. ‘Copy’ the reference into the reference list in your essay or email it to yourself.
- 10. Ashby, M., & Johnson, K. (2010). Materials and design the art and science of material selection in product design (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. Book reference created by Library Search (APA) Book reference corrected using Cite Then Right (APA) Ashby, M., & Johnson, K. (2010). Materials and design the art and science of material selection in product design (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. References created on Library Search sometimes need a few changes to make them perfect. Journal article reference created by Library Search (APA) Myers, D. (2012). Presenting the whole world of psychology to students worldwide: Challenges and promises. International Journal Of Psychology, 47, 752–752. Journal article reference corrected using Cite Then Right (APA) Myers, D. (2012). Presenting the whole world of psychology to students worldwide: Challenges and promises. International Journal of Psychology, 47, 752–752.
- 11. Other ways to create references It is often possible to create references on other resources such as Google Scholar and journal databases. Always check that your references are correct using Cite Them Right Online (next slide).
- 12. Cite Them Right Online myUniHub > My Study > My Library > Databases > C Choose the type of information that you need to reference and then select the reference style e.g. APA. Use Cite Them Right to ensure your references are correct.
- 13. Cottrell, S. (2019). The study skills handbook (5th ed.). Red Globe Press. Title Author Date Edition Publisher This is how to reference a book (APA)
- 14. Frosch, A. (2012). Transference: Psychic reality and material reality. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 19(4), 797-813. Volume/issue number Author Title of article Date Pages This is how to reference a journal article (APA) Title of journal
- 15. Web page with organisation as author British Psychological Association. (2012). How to become a psychologist. bps.org.uk. http://www.bps.org.uk/careers-education- training/how-become-psychologist/how-become-psychologist Title of web page Author Date URL This is how to reference web pages (APA) Web page with individual author(s) Kompany, J.B. (2012, January 19). Learn to code. Medium. https://medium.com/lifeofcode/learn-to-code-53cd2864 Author Date web page last updated Title of web page URL Website name Website name
- 16. Sample APA reference list All sources are listed alphabetically. Note that the first line of the reference is not indented, but subsequent lines are, so that the authors’ names are easily identifiable • Bradley, C. H. (2015). Evidential issues concerning patients of homeopathy. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 28(4), 122–141. https://doi- org.ezproxy.mdx.ac.uk/10.1037/0736-9735.25.1.122 • British Homeopathic Association. (2015). Homeopathy - a healthcare choice for everyone. https://www.britishhomeopathic.org/testimonials • Carmichael, B. (2014). Homeopathy. Oat Publishing. https://www.amazon.co.uk/DU1029z • Department of Health. (2017). Government response to the Science and Technology Committee report ‘Evidence check 2: Homeopathy’. The Stationery Office Limited. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/file/216053 /dh_117811.pdf • Farrow, P. S., & Morgan, L. (Eds.). (2009–2012). Homeopathic medicine: A history and study (Vols. 1–4). Greenlife Books. • Harvey, A. (2016). Homeopathy: New evidence for and against. Medicine Today, 29(4), 503–543.
- 17. Referencing top tips • Create references using Library Search • Use Cite Them Right Online to Check your references • Be consistent
- 18. Need further help? Your Librarian is: Susannah Parry: s.parry@mdx.ac.uk https://libguides.mdx.ac.uk/Susannah_Parry Cite them right APA the basics https://www-citethemrightonline-com.ezproxy.mdx.ac.uk/Basics/american- psychological-association-apa-7th-edition Referencing http://libguides.mdx.ac.uk/plagiarismreferencing
Editor's Notes
- #4: Highlight and back-up relevant points and facts that you have made in your assignment (i.e. establish the credibility and authority of your ideas and arguments) by quoting, paraphrasing or summarising from the original text. Demonstrate that you have read widely on the subject by providing evidence of your research Give credit to the original author/creator i.e. Distinguish between your own ideas and opinions and those of others. Achieve a better mark or grade: marks are often awarded for the accuracy of your references. Enable the reader (your tutor) to locate the original material you used. Avoid plagiarism.
- #8: Quoting: Use when the original wording conveys the idea perfectly Use author’s exact words Put “quotation marks” around the author’s words Refer to the author in text and include book/journal in reference list Paraphrasing: Present the author’s ideas in your own words Still need to refer to the author….the words are yours, but the idea is theirs
- #10: Everyone do a search and try creating some references.
- #11: Bits that needed changing are highlighted in colour.
- #19: More help available at the link.