Final EIS Appendix J

Appendix J
This appendix includes a summary of the Project’s relationship to land use plans, policies, and controls as
documented in the Final EIS and technical reports completed for the Project.

June 2010 Honolulu High-Capacity Transit Corridor Project Environmental Impact Statement

Table of Contents
1 State of Hawai‘i .......................................................................................................... 2
1.1 Environmental Impact Statement Law, Chapter 343, Hawai‘i Revised
Statutes ............................................................................................................ 2
1.2 State Environmental Policy, Chapter 344, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes ............... 2
1.3 Coastal Zone Management Program, Chapter 205A, Hawai‘i Revised
Statutes ............................................................................................................ 5
1.4 Hawai‘i State Plan, Chapter 226, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes ........................... 10
1.5 Hawai‘i State Functional Plans ....................................................................... 33
1.6 Kaiāulu ‘O Kaka‘ako Master Plan (2008)........................................................ 39
2 City and County of Honolulu .................................................................................... 42
2.1 General Plan .................................................................................................. 42
2.2 ‘Ewa Development Plan ................................................................................. 56
2.3 Central O‘ahu Sustainable Communities Plan ............................................... 61
2.4 Primary Urban Center Development Plan ...................................................... 66
2.5 Land Use Ordinance ...................................................................................... 77
2.6 Special Management Area ............................................................................. 78

Tables
Table 1. State Environmental Policy, Chapter 344, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes ................ 3
Table 2. Coastal Zone Management Act, Chapter 205A, Hawai‘i Revised
Statutes ........................................................................................................... 7
Table 3. Hawai‘i State Plan, Chapter 226, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes – Part I:
Overall Theme, Goals, Objectives, and Policies ........................................... 11
Table 4. Hawai‘i State Plan, Chapter 226, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes – Part III:
Priority Guidelines ......................................................................................... 26
Table 5. Hawai‘i State Functional Plans ........................................................................ 33
Table 6. Kaiāulu ‘o Kaka‘ako Master Plan ..................................................................... 41
Table 7. City and County of Honolulu General Plan—Objectives and Policies ............. 42
Table 8. Potential Visual Effects on Protected Views and Vistas—‘Ewa
Development Plan ......................................................................................... 57
Table 9. ‘Ewa Development Plan—Objectives and Policies .......................................... 58
Table 10. Potential Visual Effects on Protected Views and Vistas—Central O‘ahu
Sustainable Communities Plan ..................................................................... 62
Table 11. Central O‘ahu Sustainable Communities Plan—Objectives and Policies ...... 63
Table 12. Potential Visual Effects on Protected Views and Vistas—Primary Urban
Center Development Plan ............................................................................. 67
Table 13. Primary Urban Center Development Plan—Objectives and Policies ............. 69

June 2010 Honolulu High-Capacity Transit Corridor Project Environmental Impact Statement i

Appendix J
Relationship to Land Use Plans, Policies, and Controls
This appendix discusses the relationship of the Honolulu High-Capacity Transit
Corridor Project Airport Alternative (Project), as described in this Final Environ-
mental Impact Statement (EIS), to State of Hawai’i and City and County land use
plans, policies, and controls for the Project’s study corridor. It has been included
in this Final EIS, after coordination with the Hawai’i Office of Environmental
Quality Control (OEQC), to expound upon the land use discussion included in the
Draft EIS. This Final EIS documents the Federal permits and approvals required
for the Project, and Table 4-40 summarizes permits, certificates, and/or
approvals anticipated to be required for project implementation. The City
Department of Transportation Services (DTS) will be responsible for obtaining all
permits, approvals, and agreements unless otherwise noted. The City will ensure
that all permit, approval, and agreement conditions are met.
The purpose of the Project is to provide high-capacity rapid transit in the highly
congested east-west transportation corridor between Kapolei and UH Mānoa, as
specified in the O‘ahu Regional Transportation Plan 2030 (ORTP) (O‘ahu MPO
2007). The Project is intended to provide faster, more reliable public transpor-
tation service in the study corridor than can be achieved with buses operating in
congested mixed-flow traffic, to provide reliable mobility in areas of the study
corridor where people of limited income and an aging population live, and to
serve rapidly developing areas of the study corridor. The Project also will provide
additional transit capacity, an alternative to private automobile travel, and
improved transit links within the study corridor. Implementation of the Project, in
conjunction with other improvements included in the ORTP, will moderate
anticipated traffic congestion in the study corridor. The Project also supports the
goals of the Honolulu General Plan and the ORTP by serving areas designated
for urban growth.
The goals of the Project are as follows:
• Improve corridor mobility
• Improve corridor travel reliability
• Improve access to planned development to support City policy to develop
a second urban center
• Improve transportation equity
The Project is consistent with the objectives outlined in the land use plans and
policies discussed below. Land use plans, policies, and guidelines are in tabular
form and are addressed with text and/or the following letter code:
S = Supportive, N/S = Not Supportive, N/A = Not Applicable

June 2010 Honolulu High-Capacity Transit Corridor Project Environmental Impact Statement 1

1 State of Hawai‘i
1.1 Environmental Impact Statement Law, Chapter 343, Hawai‘i
Revised Statutes
This Final EIS has been prepared in compliance with the requirements of
Chapter 343 of the Hawai‘i Revised Statutes (HRS) (HRS 2008) and imple-
menting regulations contained in Title 11, Chapter 200 (HAR 1996a) of the
Hawai‘i Administrative Rules (HAR). Its preparation included consultation with
agencies, citizen groups, and concerned individuals.
The EIS preparation notice for this Project was published in OEQC’s
Environmental Notice on December 8, 2005, thus beginning the 30-day comment
period under HRS Chapter 343 for the Project. Comments received are
contained in the Honolulu High Capacity Transit Corridor Project Scoping Report
(DTS 2006c) located in Appendix G. HRS Chapter 343, and its implementing
regulations contained in Chapter 11-200, HAR, require that agencies, citizen
groups, and concerned individuals be consulted for input. Interested parties may
request consulted party status to receive ongoing project and coordination
information. Written responses were prepared and sent to all commenters who
provided either a mailing address or an e-mail address for responses. The Draft
EIS addressed comments and issues raised during the EIS preparation notice
comment period and during the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
scoping process in 2007.

1.2 State Environmental Policy, Chapter 344, Hawai‘i Revised
Statutes
State Environmental Policy, Chapter 344, HRS establishes a State policy to
encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between people and their
environment, promote efforts that will prevent or eliminate damage to the
environment and biosphere and stimulate the health and welfare of humanity,
and enrich the understanding of the ecological systems and natural resources
important to the people of Hawai‘i. A discussion of the policy guidelines are listed
in Table 1.
The Project is supportive of State Environmental Policy as documented in this
Final EIS. Chapter 3 of this Final EIS discusses the transportation system
conditions, service characteristics, and performance of the Project. Chapter 4 of
this Final EIS discusses the environmental analysis, consequences, and
mitigation for the Project. The analysis is based on Federal and State regulatory
requirements and guidelines.
Chapter 8 of this Final EIS documents how agencies, organizations, and the
public were involved in the public decision-making process. It also describes how
community input was incorporated into the Project as required by Federal and
State regulations and policies.

2 Appendix J

Table 1. State Environmental Policy, Chapter 344, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes
§344-4 Guidelines S N/S N/A
In pursuance of the state policy to conserve the natural resources and enhance the quality of life, all
agencies, in the development of programs, shall, insofar as practicable, consider the following
guidelines.
(1) Population
(A) Recognize population impact as a major factor in environmental degradation X
and adopt guidelines to alleviate this impact and minimize future degradation;
(B) Recognize optimum population levels for counties and districts within the X
State, keeping in mind that these will change with technology and circumstance,
and adopt guidelines to limit population to the levels determined.
(2) Land, Water, Mineral, Air, and Other Natural Resources
(A) Encourage management practices which conserve and fully utilize all natural X
resources;
(B) Promote irrigation and waste water management practices which conserve X
and fully utilize vital water resources;
(C) Promote the recycling of waste water; X
(D) Encourage management practices which conserve and protect watersheds X
and water sources, forest, and open space areas;
(E) Establish and maintain natural area preserves, wildlife preserves, forest X
reserves, marine preserves, and unique ecological preserves;
(F) Maintain an integrated system of state land use planning which coordinates X
the state and county general plans.
(G) Promote the optimal use of solid wastes through programs of waste X
prevention, energy resource recovery, and recycling so that all our wastes
become utilized.
(3) Flora and Fauna
(A) Protect endangered species of indigenous plants and animals and introduce X
new plants or animals only upon assurance of negligible ecological hazard;
(B) Foster the planting of native as well as other trees, shrubs, and flowering X
plants compatible to the enhancement of our environment.
(4) Parks, Recreation, and Open Space
(A) Establish, preserve and maintain scenic, historic, cultural, park and recreation X
areas, including the shorelines, for public recreational, educational, and scientific
uses;
(B) Protect the shorelines of the State from encroachment of artificial X
improvements, structures, and activities;
(C) Promote open space in view of its natural beauty not only as a natural X
resource but as an ennobling, living environment for its people.
(5) Economic Development
(A) Encourage industries in Hawaii which would be in harmony with our X
environment;
(B) Promote and foster the agricultural industry of the State; and preserve and X
conserve productive agricultural lands;
(C) Encourage federal activities in Hawaii to protect the environment; X


Table 1. State Environmental Policy, Chapter 344, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes
(continued)
§344-4 Guidelines S N/S N/A
(D) Encourage all industries including the fishing, aquaculture, oceanography, X
recreation, and forest products industries to protect the environment;
(E) Establish visitor destination areas with planning controls which shall include X
but not be limited to the number of rooms;
(F) Promote and foster the aquaculture industry of the State; and preserve and X
conserve productive aquacultural lands.
(6) Transportation
(A) Encourage transportation systems in harmony with the lifestyle of the people X
and environment of the State;
(B) Adopt guidelines to alleviate environmental degradation caused by motor X
vehicles;
(C) Encourage public and private vehicles and transportation systems to X
conserve energy, reduce pollution emission, including noise, and provide safe
and convenient accommodations for their users.
(7) Energy
(A) Encourage the efficient use of energy resources. X
(8) Community Life and Housing
(A) Foster lifestyles compatible with the environment; preserve the variety of X
lifestyles traditional to Hawaii through the design and maintenance of
neighborhoods which reflect the culture and mores of the community;
(B) Develop communities which provide a sense of identity and social satisfaction X
in harmony with the environment and provide internal opportunities for shopping,
employment, education, and recreation;
(C) Encourage the reduction of environmental pollution which may degrade a X
community;
(D) Foster safe, sanitary, and decent homes; X
(E) Recognize community appearances as major economic and aesthetic assets X
of the counties and the State; encourage green belts, plantings, and landscape
plans and designs in urban areas; and preserve and promote mountain-to-ocean
vistas.
(9) Education and Culture
(A) Foster culture and the arts and promote their linkage to the enhancement of X
the environment;
(B) Encourage both formal and informal environmental education to all age X
groups.
(10) Citizen Participation
(A) Encourage all individuals in the State to adopt a moral ethic to respect the X
natural environment; to reduce waste and excessive consumption; and to fulfill
the responsibility as trustees of the environment for the present and succeeding
generations; and
(B) Provide for expanding citizen participation in the decision making process so X
it continually embraces more citizens and more issues.

4 Appendix J

1.3 Coastal Zone Management Program, Chapter 205A, Hawai‘i
Revised Statutes
All lands of the State are included within the Coastal Zone Management (CZM)
Area, as defined in Chapter 205A, HRS. As such, the Petition Area is within the
CZM Area; however, it is not located along a shoreline.
The Project is consistent with the following objectives and policies of the State’s
CZM program:
Recreational Resources—The Project will not affect existing coastal recreational
resources or their uses by the public. Overall, the Project will improve the
availability of access to existing and future parks and recreational facilities along
the alignment.
Historic Resources—Section 4.16 of this Final EIS provides the regulatory
context that governs archaeological, cultural, and historic resources and
identifies the historic properties eligible for the National Register of Historic
Places (NRHP). The City will comply with Federal and State archaeological,
cultural, and historic preservation laws and regulations. There are 33 adverse
effects on historic properties. A draft Programmatic Agreement (PA) was prepared in
coordination with the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) and the Section
106 consulting parties to outline measures to minimize and mitigate the Project’s
effects on these resources (Appendix H of this Final EIS).
Scenic and Open Space Resources—Section 4.8 of this Final EIS identifies the
protected mauka and makai views in the study corridor and identifies impacts
and mitigation to those views. The Project will introduce a new elevated linear
visual feature to the corridor and, as a result, changes to some views will be
unavoidable. Depending on the degree of view obstruction or blockage, some
view changes will be significant. View changes will be less notable from view-
points where the project elements are smaller components of wider vistas or
panoramic views that include the larger landscape. Generally, the project
elements will not be dominant features in these views, which include the
shoreline.
The Coastal View Study (DLU 1987) inventories coastal views around O‘ahu and
recommends ways for the City to better manage development in order to
preserve and enhance those views. It also considers the creation of new views.
Transit users on the elevated guideway will have expansive panoramic views of
the shoreline, except where disrupted by trains traveling in the opposite direction,
station structures, and multi-story buildings. These views will be similar to those
from the street below but may be considered better due to the elevated
perspective (as described in Section 4.8).
Coastal Ecosystems—Portions of the study corridor are located in the Special
Management Area (SMA). An SMA permit will be obtained from the Department
of Planning and Permitting (DPP) for four areas, as described in Section 4.21 of
the Final EIS and in Section 2.6, Special Management Area, of this appendix.


The only project element in the Shoreline Setback Area will be the stormwater
outfall from the maintenance and storage facility preferred site option near
Leeward Community College that will drain into Pearl Harbor. Stormwater
discharge into Pearl Harbor will meet water quality requirements for the estuary.
Permanent impacts are discussed in Section 4.14.3 of this Final EIS, and
temporary impacts during construction that could affect coastal water quality will
be mitigated, as described in Section 4.18 of this Final EIS.
Economic Uses—To accomplish the economic development objectives for
O‘ahu’s urban corridor, suitable infrastructure must be developed, as described
in Section 4.3 of this Final EIS.
Coastal Hazards—The Project is not located in a tsunami evacuation zone and is
being designed to applicable standards and specifications regarding storm
weather, seismic events, and associated risks. The Project will not affect coastal
erosion (RTD 2008m).
Managing Development—The Project will require Federal, State, and City
permits and approvals that include provisions for public participation and ensure
protection of coastal resources, as described in Section 4.21 of this Final EIS.
The Project will also provide necessary infrastructure to accommodate existing
and planned future travel demand. The Project is consistent with the transpor-
tation and land use elements of adopted State and Local government plans.
Public Participation—Agencies, non-governmental groups, and the public have
been engaged throughout the project planning process, as required by Federal
and State laws, which are described in Chapter 8 of this Final EIS.
Beach Protection—The Project will not have a direct impact on O‘ahu’s beaches
and will not affect coastal erosion.
Marine Resources—The Project does not affect the sustainability of marine and
coastal resources.
The Projects relationship to the Coastal Zone Management Act is listed in
Table 2.

6 Appendix J

Table 2. Coastal Zone Management Act, Chapter 205A, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes
Objectives and Policies S N/S N/A
Recreational Resources
Objective—(A) Provide coastal recreational opportunities accessible to the public.
Policies
(A) Improve coordination and funding of coastal recreational planning and X
management; and
(B) Provide adequate, accessible, and diverse recreational opportunities in the X
coastal zone management area by:
(i) Protecting coastal resources uniquely suited for recreational activities that X
cannot be provided in other areas;
(ii) Requiring replacement of coastal resources having significant recreational X
value including, but not limited to, surfing sites, fishponds, and sand beaches,
when such resources will be unavoidably damaged by development; or requiring
reasonable monetary compensation to the State for recreation when replacement
is not feasible or desirable;
(iii) Providing and managing adequate public access, consistent with X
conservation of natural resources, to and along shorelines with recreational
value;
(iv) Providing an adequate supply of shoreline parks and other recreational X
facilities suitable for public recreation;
(v) Ensuring public recreational uses of county, state, and federally owned or X
controlled shoreline lands and waters having recreational value consistent with
public safety standards and conservation of natural resources;
(vi) Adopting water quality standards and regulating point and nonpoint X
sources of pollution to protect, and where feasible, restore the recreational value
of coastal waters;
(vii) Developing new shoreline recreational opportunities, where appropriate, X
such as artificial lagoons, artificial beaches, and artificial reefs for surfing and
fishing; and
(viii) Encouraging reasonable dedication of shoreline areas with recreational X
value for public use as part of discretionary approvals or permits by the land use
commission, board of land and natural resources, and county authorities; and
crediting such dedication against the requirements of section 46-6.
Historic Resources
Objective—(A) Protect, preserve, and, where desirable, restore those natural and manmade historic and
prehistoric resources in the coastal zone management area that are significant in Hawaiian and American history
and culture.
Policies
(A) Identify and analyze significant archaeological resources; X
(B) Maximize information retention through preservation of remains and artifacts X
or salvage operations; and
(C) Support state goals for protection, restoration, interpretation, and display of X
historic resources.


(continued)
Scenic and Open Space Resources
Objective—(A) Protect, preserve, and, where desirable, restore or improve the quality of coastal scenic and
open space resources.
Policies
(A) Identify valued scenic resources in the coastal zone management area; X
(B) Ensure that new developments are compatible with their visual environment X
by designing and locating such developments to minimize the alteration of natural
landforms and existing public views to and along the shoreline;
(C) Preserve, maintain, and, where desirable, improve and restore shoreline X
open space and scenic resources; and
(D) Encourage those developments that are not coastal dependent to locate in X
inland areas.
Coastal Ecosystems
Objective—(A) Protect valuable coastal ecosystems, including reefs, from disruption and minimize adverse
impacts on all coastal ecosystems.
Policies
(A) Exercise an overall conservation ethic, and practice stewardship in the X
protection, use, and development of marine and coastal resources;
(B) Improve the technical basis for natural resource management; X
(C) Preserve valuable coastal ecosystems, including reefs, of significant X
biological or economic importance;
(D) Minimize disruption or degradation of coastal water ecosystems by effective X
regulation of stream diversions, channelization, and similar land and water uses,
recognizing competing water needs; and
(E) Promote water quantity and quality planning and management practices that X
reflect the tolerance of fresh water and marine ecosystems and maintain and
enhance water quality through the development and implementation of point and
nonpoint source water pollution control measures.
Economic Uses
Objective—(A) Provide public or private facilities and improvements important to the State's economy in suitable
locations.
Policies
(A) Concentrate coastal dependent development in appropriate areas; X
(B) Ensure that coastal dependent development such as harbors and ports, and X
coastal related development such as visitor industry facilities and energy
generating facilities, are located, designed, and constructed to minimize adverse
social, visual, and environmental impacts in the coastal zone management area;
and

8 Appendix J

(continued)
(C) Direct the location and expansion of coastal dependent developments to
areas presently designated and used for such developments and permit
reasonable long-term growth at such areas, and permit coastal dependent
development outside of presently designated areas when:
(i) Use of presently designated locations is not feasible; X
(ii) Adverse environmental effects are minimized; and X
(iii) The development is important to the State's economy. X
Coastal Hazards
Objective—(A) Reduce hazard to life and property from tsunami, storm waves, stream flooding, erosion,
subsidence, and pollution.
Policies
(A) Develop and communicate adequate information about storm wave, tsunami, X
flood, erosion, subsidence, and point and nonpoint source pollution hazards;
(B) Control development in areas subject to storm wave, tsunami, flood, erosion, X
hurricane, wind, subsidence, and point and nonpoint source pollution hazards;
(C) Ensure that developments comply with requirements of the Federal Flood X
Insurance Program; and
(D) Prevent coastal flooding from inland projects. X
Managing Development
Objective—(A) Improve the development review process, communication, and public participation in the
management of coastal resources and hazards.
Policies
(A) Use, implement, and enforce existing law effectively to the maximum extent X
possible in managing present and future coastal zone development;
(B) Facilitate timely processing of applications for development permits and X
resolve overlapping or conflicting permit requirements; and
(C) Communicate the potential short and long-term impacts of proposed X
significant coastal developments early in their life cycle and in terms
understandable to the public to facilitate public participation in the planning and
review process.
Public Participation
Objective—(A) Stimulate public awareness, education, and participation in coastal management.
Policies
(A) Promote public involvement in coastal zone management processes; X
(B) Disseminate information on coastal management issues by means of X
educational materials, published reports, staff contact, and public workshops for
persons and/or organizations concerned with coastal issues, developments, and
government activities; and
(C) Organize workshops, policy dialogues, and site-specific mediations to X
respond to coastal issues and conflicts.


(continued)
Beach Protection
Objective—(A) Protect beaches for public use and recreation.
Policies
(A) Locate new structures inland from the shoreline setback to conserve open X
space, minimize interference with natural shoreline processes, and minimize loss
of improvements due to erosion;
(B) Prohibit construction of private erosion-protection structures seaward of the X
shoreline, except when they result in improved aesthetic and engineering
solutions to erosion at the sites and do not interfere with existing recreational and
waterline activities; and
(C) Minimize the construction of public erosion-protection structures seaward of X
the shoreline.
Marine Resources
Objective—(A) Promote the protection, use, and development of marine and coastal resources to assure their
sustainability.
Policies
(A) Ensure that the use and development of marine and coastal resources are X
ecologically and environmentally sound and economically beneficial;
(B) Coordinate the management of marine and coastal resources and activities to X
improve effectiveness and efficiency;
(C) Assert and articulate the interests of the State as a partner with federal X
agencies in the sound management of ocean resources within the United States
exclusive economic zone;
(D) Promote research, study, and understanding of ocean processes, marine life, X
and other ocean resources in order to acquire and inventory information
necessary to understand how ocean development activities relate to and impact
upon ocean and coastal resources; and
(E) Encourage research and development of new, innovative technologies for X
exploring, using, or protecting marine and coastal resources.

1.4 Hawai‘i State Plan, Chapter 226, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes
The Hawai‘i State Plan (Chapter 226, HRS), is the guide for the long-range
growth and development of the State and establishes a set of goals, objectives,
policies, and priorities. The Hawai‘i State Plan is divided into three parts: Part I
(Overall Theme, Goals, Objectives, and Policies); Part II (Planning, Coordination,
and Implementation); and Part III (Priority Guidelines). The Project’s relationship
to the Hawai‘i State Plan is listed in Table 3 and Table 4.
While the Project does not create incentives to encourage affordable housing, it
supports the City and County of Honolulu’s affordable housing program
requirements in the construction of affordable housing units by providing
increased access to public transit.

10 Appendix J

Table 3. Hawai‘i State Plan, Chapter 226, Hawai‘i Revised Statutes – Part I: Overall
Theme, Goals, Objectives, and Policies
Overall Theme, Goals, Objectives, and Policies S N/S N/A
HRS § 226-4: State Goals. In order to guarantee, for the present and future generations, those
elements of choice and mobility that insure that individuals and groups may approach their desired
levels of self-reliance and self-determination, it shall be the goal of the State to achieve:
1) A strong, viable economy, characterized by stability, diversity and growth that X
enable fulfillment of the needs and expectations of Hawaii’s present and future
generations.
2) A desired physical environment, characterized by beauty, cleanliness, quiet, X
stable natural systems, and uniqueness, that enhances the mental and physical
well-being of the people.
3) Physical, social and economic well-being, for individuals and families in X
Hawaii, that nourishes a sense of community responsibility, of caring and of
participation in community life.
HRS § 226-5: Objectives and policies for population
(a) It shall be the objective in planning for the State’s population to guide population growth to be
consistent with the achievement of physical, economic and social objectives contained in this chapter;
(b) To achieve the population objective, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Manage population growth statewide in a manner that provides X
increased opportunities for Hawaii’s people to pursue their physical, social and
economic aspirations while recognizing the unique needs of each County.
(2) Encourage an increase in economic activities and employment X
opportunities on the neighbor islands consistent with community needs and
desires.
(3) Promote increased opportunities for Hawaii's people to pursue their X
socio-economic aspirations throughout the islands.
(4) Encourage research activities and public awareness programs to foster X
an understanding of Hawaii's limited capacity to accommodate population
needs and to address concerns resulting from an increase in Hawaii's
population.
(5) Encourage federal actions and coordination among major governmental X
agencies to promote a more balanced distribution of immigrants among the
states, provided that such actions do not prevent the reunion of immediate
family members.
(6) Pursue an increase in federal assistance for states with a greater X
proportion of foreign immigrants relative to their state’s population.
(7) Plan the development and availability of land and water resources in a X
coordinated manner so as to provide for the desired levels of growth in each
geographic area.
HRS § 226-6: Objectives and policies for the economy in general
(a) Planning for the State's economy in general shall be directed toward achievement of the following
objectives:
(1) Increased and diversified employment opportunities to achieve full X
employment, increased income and job choice, and improved living standards
for Hawaii's people.


Theme, Goals, Objectives, and Policies (continued)
(2) A steadily growing and diversified economic base that is not overly X
dependent on a few industries, and includes the development and expansion of
industries on the neighbor islands.
(b) To achieve the general economic objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Expand Hawaii's national and international marketing, communication, X
and/or organizational ties, to increase the State's capacity to adjust to and
capitalize upon economic changes and opportunities occurring outside the
State.
(2) Promote Hawaii as an attractive market for environmentally and socially X
sound investment activities that benefit Hawaii's people.
(3) Seek broader outlets for new or expanded Hawaii business investments. X
(4) Expand existing markets and penetrate new markets for Hawaii's X
products and services.
(5) Assure that the basic economic needs of Hawaii's people are maintained X
in the event of disruptions in overseas transportation.
(6) Strive to achieve a level of construction activity responsive to, and X
consistent with, state growth objectives.
(7) Encourage the formation of cooperatives and other favorable marketing X
arrangements at the local or regional level to assist Hawaii's small scale
producers, manufacturers, and distributors.
(8) Encourage labor-intensive activities that are economically satisfying and X
which offer opportunities for upward mobility.
(9) Foster greater cooperation and coordination between the government X
and private sectors in developing Hawaii's employment and economic growth
opportunities.
(10) Stimulate the development and expansion of economic activities which X
will benefit areas with substantial or expected employment problems.
(11) Maintain acceptable working conditions and standards for Hawaii's X
workers.
(12) Provide equal employment opportunities for all segments of Hawaii's X
population through affirmative action and nondiscrimination measures.
(13) Encourage businesses that have favorable financial multiplier effects X
within Hawaii's economy.
(14) Promote and protect intangible resources in Hawaii, such as scenic X
beauty and the aloha spirit, which are vital to a healthy economy.
(15) Increase effective communication between the educational community X
and the private sector to develop relevant curricula and training programs to
meet future employment needs in general, and requirements of new, potential
growth industries in particular.
(16) Foster a business climate in Hawaii--including attitudes, tax and X
regulatory policies, and financial and technical assistance programs--that is
conducive to the expansion of existing enterprises and the creation and
attraction of new business and industry.

12 Appendix J

HRS § 226-7: Objectives and policies for the economy—agriculture
(a) Planning for the State's economy with regard to agriculture shall be directed towards achievement
of the following objectives:
(1) Viability of Hawaii's sugar and pineapple industries. X
(2) Growth and development of diversified agriculture throughout the State. X
(3) An agriculture industry that continues to constitute a dynamic and X
essential component of Hawaii's strategic, economic, and social well-being.
(b) To achieve the agriculture objectives, is shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Establish a clear direction for Hawaii's agriculture through stakeholder X
commitment and advocacy.
(2) Encourage agriculture by making best use of natural resources. X
(3) Provide the governor and the legislature with information and options X
needed for prudent decision making for the development of agriculture.
(4) Establish strong relationships between the agricultural and visitor X
industries for mutual marketing benefits.
(5) Foster increased public awareness and understanding of the X
contributions and benefits of agriculture as a major sector of Hawaii's economy.
(6) Seek the enactment and retention of federal and state legislation that X
benefits Hawaii's agricultural industries.
(7) Strengthen diversified agriculture by developing an effective promotion, X
marketing, and distribution system between Hawaii's producers and consumer
markets locally, on the continental United States, and internationally.
(8) Support research and development activities that provide greater X
efficiency and economic productivity in agriculture.
(9) Enhance agricultural growth by providing public incentives and X
encouraging private initiatives.
(10) Assure the availability of agriculturally suitable lands with adequate X
water to accommodate present and future needs.
(11) Increase the attractiveness and opportunities for an agricultural X
education and livelihood.
(12) Expand Hawaii's agricultural base by promoting growth and X
development of flowers, tropical fruits and plants, livestock, feed grains,
forestry, food crops, aquaculture, and other potential enterprises.
(13) Promote economically competitive activities that increase Hawaii's X
agricultural self-sufficiency.
(14) Promote and assist in the establishment of sound financial programs X
for diversified agriculture.
(15) Institute and support programs and activities to assist the entry of X
displaced agricultural workers into alternative agricultural or other employment.
(16) Facilitate the transition of agricultural lands in economically nonfeasible X
agricultural production to economically viable agricultural uses.


HRS § 226-8: Objectives and policies for the economy—visitor industry
(a) Planning for the State's economy with regard to the visitor industry shall be directed towards the
achievement of the objective of a visitor industry that constitutes a major component of steady growth
for Hawaii's economy.
(b) To achieve the visitor industry objective, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Support and assist in the promotion of Hawaii's visitor attractions and X
facilities.
(2) Ensure that visitor industry activities are in keeping with the social, X
economic, and physical needs and aspirations of Hawaii's people.
(3) Improve the quality of existing visitor destination areas. X
(4) Encourage cooperation and coordination between the government and X
private sectors in developing and maintaining well-designed, adequately
serviced visitor industry and related developments which are sensitive to
neighboring communities and activities.
(5) Develop the industry in a manner that will continue to provide new job X
opportunities and steady employment for Hawaii's people.
(6) Provide opportunities for Hawaii's people to obtain job training and X
education that will allow for upward mobility within the visitor industry.
(7) Foster a recognition of the contribution of the visitor industry to Hawaii's X
economy and the need to perpetuate the aloha spirit.
(8) Foster an understanding by visitors of the aloha spirit and of the unique X
and sensitive character of Hawaii's cultures and values.
HRS § 226-9: Objective and policies for the economy—Federal expenditures
(a) Planning for the State’s economy with regard to federal expenditures shall be directed towards
achievement of the objective of a stable federal investment base as an integral component of
Hawaii’s economy.
(b) To achieve the federal expenditures objective, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Encourage the sustained flow of federal expenditures in Hawaii that X
generates long-term government civilian employment.
(2) Promote Hawaii’s supportive role in national defense. X
(3) Promote the development of federally supported activities in Hawaii that X
respect state-wide economic concerns, are sensitive to community needs, and
minimize adverse impacts on Hawaii’s environment.
(4) Increase opportunities for entry and advancement of Hawaii’s people X
into federal government service.
(5) Promote federal use of local commodities, services, and facilities X
available in Hawaii.
(6) Strengthen federal-state-county communication and coordination in all X
federal activities that affect Hawaii.
(7) Pursue the return of federally controlled lands in Hawaii that are not X
required for either the defense of the nation or for other purposes of national
importance, and promote the mutually beneficial exchanges of land between
federal agencies, the State, and the counties.

14 Appendix J

HRS § 226-10: Objectives and policies for the economy—potential growth activities
(a) Planning for the State's economy with regard to potential growth activities shall be directed
towards achievement of the objective of development and expansion of potential growth activities that
serve to increase and diversify Hawaii's economic base.
(b) To achieve the information industry objective, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Facilitate investment and employment in economic activities that have X
the potential for growth such as diversified agriculture, aquaculture, apparel and
textile manufacturing, film and television production, and energy and marine-
related industries.
(2) Expand Hawaii's capacity to attract and service international programs X
and activities that generate employment for Hawaii's people.
(3) Enhance and promote Hawaii's role as a center for international X
relations, trade, finance, services, technology, education, culture, and the arts.
(4) Accelerate research and development of new energy-related industries X
based on wind, solar, ocean, and underground resources and solid waste.
(5) Promote Hawaii's geographic, environmental, social, and technological X
advantages to attract new economic activities into the State.
(6) Provide public incentives and encourage private initiative to attract new X
industries that best support Hawaii's social, economic, physical, and
environmental objectives.
(7) Increase research and the development of ocean-related economic X
activities such as mining, food production, and scientific research.
(8) Develop, promote, and support research and educational and training X
programs that will enhance Hawaii's ability to attract and develop economic
activities of benefit to Hawaii.
(9) Foster a broader public recognition and understanding of the potential X
benefits of new, growth-oriented industry in Hawaii.
(10)Encourage the development and implementation of joint federal and X
state initiatives to attract federal programs and projects that will support
Hawaii's social, economic, physical, and environmental objectives.
HRS § 226-10.5: Objectives and policies for the economy—information industry
(a) Planning for the State's economy with regard to the information industry shall be directed toward
the achievement of the objective of positioning Hawaii as the leading dealer in information businesses
and services in the Pacific Rim.
(b) To achieve the information industry objective, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Encourage the continued development and expansion of the X
telecommunications infrastructure serving Hawaii to accommodate future
growth in the information industry;
(2) Facilitate the development of new business and service ventures in the X
information industry which will provide employment opportunities for the people
of Hawaii;
(3) Encourage greater cooperation between the public and private sectors in X
developing and maintaining a well- designed information industry;


(4) Ensure that the development of new businesses and services in the X
industry are in keeping with the social, economic, and physical needs and
aspirations of Hawaii's people;
(5) Provide opportunities for Hawaii's people to obtain job training and X
education that will allow for upward mobility within the information industry;
(6) Foster a recognition of the contribution of the information industry to X
Hawaii's economy; and
(7) Assist in the promotion of Hawaii as a broker, creator, and processor of X
information in the Pacific.
HRS § 226-11: Objectives and policies for the physical environment—land-based, shoreline,
and marine resources
(a) Planning for the State's physical environment shall be directed towards achievement of the
objective of enhancement of Hawaii's scenic assets, natural beauty, and multi-cultural/historical
resources.
(1) Prudent use of Hawaii's land-based, shoreline, and marine resources. X
(2) Effective protection of Hawaii's unique and fragile environmental X
resources.
(b) To achieve the land-based, shoreline, and marine resources objectives, it shall be the policy of
this State to:
(1) Exercise an overall conservation ethic in the use of Hawaii's natural X
resources.
(2) Ensure compatibility between land-based and water-based activities and X
natural resources and ecological systems.
(3) Take into account the physical attributes of areas when planning and X
designing activities and facilities.
(4) Manage natural resources and environs to encourage their beneficial X
and multiple use without generating costly or irreparable environmental
damage.
(5) Consider multiple uses in watershed areas, provided such uses do not X
detrimentally affect water quality and recharge functions.
(6) Encourage the protection of rare or endangered plant and animal X
species and habitats native to Hawaii.
(7) Provide public incentives that encourage private actions to protect X
significant natural resources from degradation or unnecessary depletion.
(8) Pursue compatible relationships among activities, facilities, and natural X
resources.
(9) Promote increased accessibility and prudent use of inland and shoreline X
areas for public recreational, educational, and scientific purposes.
HRS § 226-12: Objectives and policies for the physical environment—scenic, natural beauty,
and historic resources
(a) Planning for the State's physical environment shall be directed towards achievement of the
objective of enhancement of Hawaii's scenic assets, natural beauty, and multi-cultural/historical
resources.

16 Appendix J

(b) To achieve the scenic, natural beauty, and historic resources objectives, it shall be the policy of
this State to:
(1) Promote the preservation and restoration of significant natural and X
historic resources.
(2) Provide incentives to maintain and enhance historic, cultural, and scenic X
amenities.
(3) Promote the preservation of views and vistas to enhance the visual and X
aesthetic enjoyment of mountains, ocean, scenic landscapes, and other natural
features.
(4) Protect those special areas, structures, and elements that are an integral X
and functional part of Hawaii's ethnic and cultural heritage.
(5) Encourage the design of developments and activities that complement X
the natural beauty of the islands.
HRS § 226-13: Objectives and policies for the physical environment—land, air, and water
quality
(a) Planning for the State’s physical environment with regard to land, air, and water quality shall be
directed towards achievement of the following objectives:
(1) Maintenance and pursuit of improved quality in Hawaii's land, air, and X
water resources.
(2) Greater public awareness and appreciation of Hawaii's environmental X
resources.
(b) To achieve the land, air, and water quality objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Foster educational activities that promote a better understanding of X
Hawaii’s limited environmental resources.
(2) Promote the proper management of Hawaii’s land and water resources. X
(3) Promote effective measures to achieve desired quality in Hawaii's X
surface, ground, and coastal waters.
(4) Encourage actions to maintain or improve aural and air quality levels to X
enhance the health and well-being of Hawaii's people.
(5) Reduce the threat to life and property from erosion, flooding, tsunamis, X
hurricanes, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and other natural or man-induced
hazards and disasters.
(6) Encourage design and construction practices that enhance the physical X
qualities of Hawaii's communities.
(7) Encourage urban developments in close proximity to existing services X
and facilities.
(8) Foster recognition of the importance and value of the land, air, and water X
resources to Hawaii’s people, their cultures and visitors.
HRS § 226-14: Objective and policies for facility systems—in general
(a) Planning for the State's facility systems in general shall be directed towards achievement of the
objective of water, transportation, waste disposal, and energy and telecommunication systems that
support statewide social, economic, and physical objectives.


(b) To achieve the general facility systems objective, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Accommodate the needs of Hawaii's people through coordination of X
facility systems and capital improvement priorities in consonance with state and
county plans.
(2) Encourage flexibility in the design and development of facility systems to X
promote prudent use of resources and accommodate changing public demands
and priorities.
(3) Ensure that required facility systems can be supported within resource X
capacities and at reasonable cost to the user.
(4) Pursue alternative methods of financing programs and projects and cost- X
saving techniques in the planning, construction, and maintenance of facility
systems.
HRS § 226-15: Objectives and policies for facility systems—solid and liquid wastes
(a) Planning for the State’s facility systems with regard to solid and liquid wastes shall be directed
towards the achievement of the following objectives:
(1) Maintenance of basic public health and sanitation standards relating to X
treatment and disposal of solid and liquid wastes.
(2) Provision of adequate sewerage facilities for physical and economic X
activities that alleviate problems in housing, employment, mobility, and other
areas.
(b) To achieve the solid and liquid waste objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Encourage the adequate development of sewerage facilities that X
complement planned growth.
(2) Promote re-use and recycling to reduce solid and liquid wastes and X
employ a conservation ethic.
(3) Promote research to develop more efficient and economical treatment X
and disposal of solid and liquid wastes.
HRS § 226-16: Objectives and policies for facility systems—water
(a) Planning for the State’s facility systems with regard to water shall be directed towards
achievement of the objective of the provision of water to adequately accommodate domestic,
agricultural, commercial, industrial, recreational, and other needs within resource capacities.
(b) To achieve the facility systems water objective, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Coordinate development of land use activities with existing and potential X
water supply.
(2) Support research and development of alternative methods to meet future X
water requirements well in advance of anticipated needs.
(3) Reclaim and encourage the productive use of runoff water and X
wastewater discharges.
(4) Assist in improving the quality, efficiency, service, and storage X
capabilities of water systems for domestic and agricultural use.
(5) Support water supply services to areas experiencing critical water X
problems.

18 Appendix J

(6) Promote water conservation programs and practices in government, X
private industry, and the general public to help ensure adequate water to meet
long-term needs.
HRS § 226-17: Objectives and policies for facility systems—transportation
(a) Planning for the State's facility systems with regard to transportation shall be directed toward the
achievement of the following objectives, giving due consideration to all:
(1) An integrated multi-modal transportation system that services statewide X
needs and promotes the efficient, economical, safe, and convenient movement
of people and goods.
(2) A statewide transportation system that is consistent with and will X
accommodate planned growth objectives throughout the State.
(b) To achieve the transportation objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Design, program, and develop a multi-modal system in conformance X
with desired growth and physical development as stated in this chapter;
(2) Coordinate state, county, federal, and private transportation activities X
and programs toward the achievement of statewide objectives;
(3) Encourage a reasonable distribution of financial responsibilities for X
transportation among participating governmental and private parties;
(4) Provide for improved accessibility to shipping, docking, and storage X
facilities;
(5) Promote a reasonable level and variety of mass transportation services X
that adequately meet statewide and community needs;
(6) Encourage transportation systems that serve to accommodate present X
and future development needs of communities;
(7) Encourage a variety of carriers to offer increased opportunities and X
advantages to interisland movement of people and goods;
(8) Increase the capacities of airport and harbor systems and support X
facilities to effectively accommodate transshipment and storage needs;
(9) Encourage the development of transportation systems and programs X
which would assist statewide economic growth and diversification;
(10) Encourage the design and development of transportation systems X
sensitive to the needs of affected communities and the quality of Hawaii's
natural environment;
(11) Encourage safe and convenient use of low-cost, energy-efficient, non- X
polluting means of transportation;
(12) Coordinate intergovernmental land use and transportation planning X
activities to ensure the timely delivery of supporting transportation infrastructure
in order to accommodate planned growth objectives; and
(13) Encourage diversification of transportation modes and infrastructure to X
promote alternate fuels and energy efficiency.
Discussion: The Project is designed to accommodate an integrated multi-modal transportation
system, including high capacity (elevated rail) transit, bus, automobile, bicycle and pedestrian modes
of travel.


HRS § 226-18: Objectives and policies for facility systems—energy
(a) Planning for the State's facility systems with regard to energy shall be directed toward the
achievement of the following objectives, giving due consideration to all:
(1) Dependable, efficient, and economical statewide energy systems X
capable of supporting the needs of the people;
(2) Increased energy self-sufficiency where the ratio of indigenous to X
imported energy use is increased;
(3) Greater energy security in the face of threats to Hawaii's energy supplies X
and systems; and
(4) Reduction, avoidance, or sequestration of greenhouse gas emissions X
from energy supply and use.
(b) To achieve the energy objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to ensure the provision of
adequate, reasonably priced, and dependable energy services to accommodate demand.
(c) To further achieve the energy objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Support research and development as well as promote the use of X
renewable energy sources;
(2) Ensure that the combination of energy supplies and energy-saving X
systems is sufficient to support the demands of growth;
(3) Base decisions of least-cost supply-side and demand-side energy X
resource options on a comparison of their total costs and benefits when a least-
cost is determined by a reasonably comprehensive, quantitative, and qualitative
accounting of their long-term, direct and indirect economic, environmental,
social, cultural, and public health costs and benefits;
(4) Promote all cost-effective conservation of power and fuel supplies X
through measures including:
(A) Development of cost-effective demand-side management programs; X
(B) Education; and X
(C) Adoption of energy-efficient practices and technologies; X
(5) Ensure to the extent that new supply-side resources are needed, the X
development or expansion of energy systems utilizes the least-cost energy
supply option and maximizes efficient technologies;
(6) Support research, development, and demonstration of energy efficiency, X
load management, and other demand-side management programs, practices,
and technologies;
(7) Promote alternate fuels and energy efficiency by encouraging X
diversification of transportation modes and infrastructure;
(8) Support actions that reduce, avoid, or sequester greenhouse gases in X
utility, transportation, and industrial sector applications; and
(9) Support actions that reduce, avoid, or sequester Hawaii's greenhouse X
gas emissions through agriculture and forestry initiatives.

20 Appendix J

HRS § 226-18.5: Objectives and policies for facility systems—telecommunications
(a) Planning for the State's telecommunications facility systems shall be directed towards the
achievement of dependable, efficient, and economical statewide telecommunications systems
capable of supporting the needs of the people.
(b) To achieve the telecommunications objective, it shall be the policy of this State to ensure the
provision of adequate, reasonably priced, and dependable telecommunications services to
accommodate demand.
(c) To further achieve the telecommunications objective, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Facilitate research and development of telecommunications systems and X
resources;
(2) Encourage public and private sector efforts to develop means for X
adequate, ongoing telecommunications planning;
(3) Promote efficient management and use of existing telecommunications X
systems and services; and
(4) Facilitate the development of education and training of X
telecommunications personnel.
HRS § 226-19: Objectives and policies for socio-cultural advancement—housing
(a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural advancement with regard to housing shall be directed
toward the achievement of the following objectives:
(1) Greater opportunities for Hawaii's people to secure reasonably priced, X
safe, sanitary, and livable homes, located in suitable environments that
satisfactorily accommodate the needs and desires of families and individuals,
through collaboration and cooperation between government and nonprofit and
for-profit developers to ensure that more affordable housing is made available
to very low-, low- and moderate-income segments of Hawaii's population.
(2) The orderly development of residential areas sensitive to community X
needs and other land uses.
(3) The development and provision of affordable rental housing by the State X
to meet the housing needs of Hawaii's people.
(b) To achieve the housing objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Effectively accommodate the housing needs of Hawaii's people. X
(2) Stimulate and promote feasible approaches that increase housing X
choices for low-income, moderate-income, and gap-group households.
(3) Increase homeownership and rental opportunities and choices in terms X
of quality, location, cost, densities, style, and size of housing.
(4) Promote appropriate improvement, rehabilitation, and maintenance of X
existing housing units and residential areas.
(5) Promote design and location of housing developments taking into X
account the physical setting, accessibility to public facilities and services, and
other concerns of existing communities and surrounding areas.
(6) Facilitate the use of available vacant, developable, and underutilized X
urban lands for housing.


(7) Foster a variety of lifestyles traditional to Hawaii through the design and X
maintenance of neighborhoods that reflect the culture and values of the
community.
(8) Promote research and development of methods to reduce the cost of X
housing construction in Hawaii.
HRS § 226-20: Objectives and policies for socio-cultural advancement— health
(a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural advancement with regard to health shall be directed towards
achievement of the following objectives:
(1) Fulfillment of basic individual health needs of the general public. X
(2) Maintenance of sanitary and environmentally healthful conditions in X
Hawaii's communities.
(b) To achieve the health objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Provide adequate and accessible services and facilities for prevention X
and treatment of physical and mental health problems, including substance
abuse.
(2) Encourage improved cooperation among public and private sectors in X
the provision of health care to accommodate the total health needs of
individuals throughout the State.
(3) Encourage public and private efforts to develop and promote statewide X
and local strategies to reduce health care and related insurance costs.
(4) Foster an awareness of the need for personal health maintenance and X
preventive health care through education and other measures.
(5) Provide programs, services, and activities that ensure environmentally X
healthful and sanitary conditions.
(6) Improve the State's capabilities in preventing contamination by X
pesticides and other potentially hazardous substances through increased
coordination, education, monitoring, and enforcement.
HRS § 226-21: Objectives and policies for socio-cultural advancement—education
(a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural advancement with regard to education shall be directed
towards achievement of the objective of the provision of a variety of educational opportunities to
enable individuals to fulfill their needs, responsibilities, and aspirations.
(b) To achieve the education objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Support educational programs and activities that enhance personal X
development, physical fitness, recreation, and cultural pursuits of all groups.
(2) Ensure the provision of adequate and accessible educational services X
and facilities that are designed to meet individual and community needs.
(3) Provide appropriate educational opportunities for groups with special X
needs.
(4) Promote educational programs which enhance understanding of X
Hawaii's cultural heritage.
(5) Provide higher educational opportunities that enable Hawaii's people to X
adapt to changing employment demands.

22 Appendix J

(6) Assist individuals, especially those experiencing critical employment X
problems or barriers, or undergoing employment transitions, by providing
appropriate employment training programs and other related educational
opportunities.
(7) Promote programs and activities that facilitate the acquisition of basic X
skills, such as reading, writing, computing, listening, speaking, and reasoning.
(8) Emphasize quality educational programs in Hawaii's institutions to X
promote academic excellence.
(9) Support research programs and activities that enhance the education X
programs of the State.
HRS § 226-22: Objective and policies for socio-cultural advancement—social services
(a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural advancement with regard to social services shall be directed
towards the achievement of the objective of improved public and private social services and activities
that enable individuals, families, and groups to become more self-reliant and confident to improve
their well-being.
(b) To achieve the social service objective, it shall be the policy of the State to:
(1) Assist individuals, especially those in need of attaining a minimally X
adequate standard of living and those confronted by social and economic
hardship conditions, through social services and activities within the State's
fiscal capacities.
(2) Promote coordination and integrative approaches among public and X
private agencies and programs to jointly address social problems that will
enable individuals, families, and groups to deal effectively with social problems
and to enhance their participation in society.
(3) Facilitate the adjustment of new residents, especially recently arrived X
immigrants, into Hawaii's communities.
(4) Promote alternatives to institutional care in the provision of long-term X
care for elder and disabled populations.
(5) Support public and private efforts to prevent domestic abuse and child X
molestation, and assist victims of abuse and neglect.
(6) Promote programs which assist people in need of family planning X
services to enable them to meet their needs.
HRS § 226-23: Objectives and policies for socio-cultural advancement—leisure
(a) Planning for the State’s socio-cultural advancement with regard to leisure shall be directed
towards the achievement of the objective of the adequate provision of resources to accommodate
diverse cultural, artistic, and recreational needs for present and future generations.
(b) To achieve the leisure objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Foster and preserve Hawaii's multi-cultural heritage through supportive X
cultural, artistic, recreational, and humanities-oriented programs and activities.
(2) Provide a wide range of activities and facilities to fulfill the cultural, X
artistic, and recreational needs of all diverse and special groups effectively and
efficiently.


(3) Enhance the enjoyment of recreational experiences through safety and X
security measures, educational opportunities, and improved facility design and
maintenance.
(4) Promote the recreational and educational potential of natural resources X
having scenic, open space, cultural, historical, geological, or biological values
while ensuring that their inherent values are preserved.
(5) Ensure opportunities for everyone to use and enjoy Hawaii's recreational X
resources.
(6) Assure the availability of sufficient resources to provide for future X
cultural, artistic, and recreational needs.
(7) Provide adequate and accessible physical fitness programs to promote X
the physical and mental well-being of Hawaii's people.
(8) Increase opportunities for appreciation and participation in the creative X
arts, including the literary, theatrical, visual, musical, folk, and traditional art
forms.
(9) Encourage the development of creative expression in the artistic X
disciplines to enable all segments of Hawaii's population to participate in the
creative arts.
(10)Assure adequate access to significant natural and cultural resources in X
public ownership.
HRS § 226-24: Objective and policies for socio-cultural advancement—individual rights and
personal well-being
(a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural advancement with regard to individual rights and personal
well-being shall be directed towards achievement of the objective of increased opportunities and
protection of individual rights to enable individuals to fulfill their socio-economic needs and
aspirations.
(b) To achieve the individual rights and personal well-being objective, it shall be the policy of this
State to:
(1) Provide effective services and activities that protect individuals from X
criminal acts and unfair practices and that alleviate the consequences of
criminal acts in order to foster a safe and secure environment.
(2) Uphold and protect the national and state constitutional rights of every X
individual.
(3) Assure access to, and availability of, legal assistance, consumer X
protection, and other public services which strive to attain social justice.
(4) Ensure equal opportunities for individual participation in society. X
Discussion: While the State’s policies related to an individual’s rights and personal well-being are
not directly applicable to the Project, the City supports the State’s objectives.
HRS § 226-25: Objectives and policies for socio-cultural advancement—culture
(a) Planning for the State’s socio-cultural advancement with regard to culture shall be directed toward
the achievement of the objective of enhancement of cultural identities, traditions, values, customs,
and arts of Hawaii's people.

24 Appendix J

(b) To achieve the culture objective, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Foster increased knowledge and understanding of Hawaii's ethnic and X
cultural heritages and the history of Hawaii.
(2) Support activities and conditions that promote cultural values, customs, X
and arts that enrich the lifestyles of Hawaii's people and which are sensitive and
responsive to family and community needs.
(3) Encourage increased awareness of the effects of proposed public and X
private actions on the integrity and quality of cultural and community lifestyles in
Hawaii.
(4) Encourage the essence of the aloha spirit in people's daily activities to X
promote harmonious relationships among Hawaii's people and visitors.
HRS § 226-26: Objectives and policies for socio-cultural advancement—public safety
(a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural advancement with regard to public safety shall be directed
(1) Assurance of public safety and adequate protection of life and property X
for all people.
(2) Optimum organizational readiness and capability in all phases of X
emergency management to maintain the strength, resources, and social and
economic well-being of the community in the event of civil disruptions, wars,
natural disasters, and other major disturbances.
(3) Promotion of a sense of community responsibility for the welfare and X
safety of Hawaii's people.
(b) To achieve the public safety objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Ensure that public safety programs are effective and responsive to X
community needs.
(2) Encourage increased community awareness and participation in public X
safety programs.
(c) To further achieve public safety objectives related to criminal justice, it shall be the policy of this
State to:
(1) Support criminal justice programs aimed at preventing and curtailing X
criminal activities.
(2) Develop a coordinated, systematic approach to criminal justice X
administration among all criminal justice agencies.
(3) Provide a range of correctional resources which may include facilities X
and alternatives to traditional incarceration in order to address the varied
security needs of the community and successfully reintegrate offenders into the
community.
(d) To further achieve public safety objectives related to emergency management, it shall be the
policy of this State to:
(1) Ensure that responsible organizations are in a proper state of readiness X
to respond to major war-related, natural, or technological disasters and civil
disturbances at all times.
(2) Enhance the coordination between emergency management programs X
throughout the State.


HRS § 226-27: Objectives and policies for socio-cultural advancement—government
(a) Planning the State's socio-cultural advancement with regard to government shall be directed
(1) Efficient, effective, and responsive government services at all levels in X
the State.
(2) Fiscal integrity, responsibility, and efficiency in the state government and X
county governments.
(b) To achieve the government objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to:
(1) Provide for necessary public goods and services not assumed by the X
private sector.
(2) Pursue an openness and responsiveness in government that permits the X
flow of public information, interaction, and response.
(3) Minimize the size of government to that necessary to be effective. X
(4) Stimulate the responsibility in citizens to productively participate in X
government for a better Hawaii.
(5) Assure that government attitudes, actions, and services are sensitive to X
community needs and concerns.
(6) Provide for a balanced fiscal budget. X
(7) Improve the fiscal budgeting and management system of the State. X
(8) Promote the consolidation of state and county governmental functions to X
increase the effective and efficient delivery of government programs and
services and to eliminate duplicative services wherever feasible.

Priority Guidelines
Priority Guidelines S N/S N/A
HRS § 226-101: Purpose. The purpose of this part is to establish overall priority guidelines to
address areas of statewide concern.
HRS § 226-103: Economic priority guidelines
(a) Priority guidelines to stimulate economic growth and encourage business expansion and
development to provide needed jobs for Hawaii’s people and achieve a stable and diversified
economy:
(1) Seek a variety of means to increase the availability of investment capital for new and
expanding enterprises.
(A) Encourage investments which:
(i) Reflect long term commitments to the State; X
(ii) Rely on economic linkages within the local economy; X
(iii) Diversify the economy; X
(iv) Reinvest in the local economy; X

26 Appendix J

Priority Guidelines (continued)
(v) Are sensitive to community needs and priorities; and X
(vi) Demonstrate a commitment to provide management opportunities to X
Hawaii residents.
(2) Encourage the expansion of technological research to assist industry X
development and support the development and commercialization of
technological advancements.
(3) Improve the quality, accessibility, and range of services provided by X
government to business, including data and reference services and assistance
in complying with governmental regulations.
(4) Seek to ensure that state business tax and labor laws and administrative X
policies are equitable, rational, and predictable.
(5) Streamline the building and development permit and review process, X
and eliminate or consolidate other burdensome or duplicative governmental
requirements imposed on business, where public health, safety and welfare
would not be adversely affected.
(6) Encourage the formation of cooperatives and other favorable marketing X
or distribution arrangements at the regional or local level to assist Hawaii’s
small-scale producers, manufacturers, and distributors.
(7) Continue to seek legislation to protect Hawaii from transportation X
interruptions between Hawaii and the continental United States.
(8) Provide public incentives and encourage private initiative to develop and attract industries
which promise long-term growth potentials and which have the following characteristics:
(A) An industry that can take advantage of Hawaii’s unique location and X
available physical and human resources.
(B) A clean industry that would have minimal adverse effects on Hawaii's X
environment.
(C) An industry that is willing to hire and train Hawaii’s people to meet the X
industry's labor needs at all levels of employment.
(D) An industry that would provide reasonable income and steady X
employment.
(9) Support and encourage, through educational and technical assistance X
programs and other means, expanded opportunities for employee ownership
and participation in Hawaii business.
(10) Enhance the quality of Hawaii’s labor force and develop and maintain career opportunities for
Hawaii's people through the following actions:
(A) Expand vocational training in diversified agriculture, aquaculture, X
information industry, and other areas where growth is desired and feasible.
(B) Encourage more effective career counseling and guidance in high X
schools and post-secondary institutions to inform students of present and future
career opportunities.
(C) Allocate educational resources to career areas where high employment X
is expected and where growth of new industries is desired.
(D) Promote career opportunities in all industries for Hawaii’s people by X
encouraging firms doing business in the State to hire residents.


(E) Promote greater public and private sector cooperation in determining X
industrial training needs and in developing relevant curricula and on- the-job
training opportunities.
(F) Provide retraining programs and other support services to assist entry of X
displaced workers into alternative employment.
(b) Priority guidelines to promote the economic health and quality of the visitor industry:
(1) Promote visitor satisfaction by fostering an environment which enhances X
the Aloha Spirit and minimizes inconveniences to Hawaii's residents and
visitors.
(2) Encourage the development and maintenance of well-designed, X
adequately serviced hotels and resort destination areas which are sensitive to
neighboring communities and activities and which provide for adequate
shoreline setbacks and beach access.
(3) Support appropriate capital improvements to enhance the quality of X
existing resort destination areas and provide incentives to encourage
investment in upgrading, repair, and maintenance of visitor facilities.
(4) Encourage visitor industry practices and activities which respect, X
preserve, and enhance Hawaii's significant natural, scenic, historic, and cultural
resources.
(5) Develop and maintain career opportunities in the visitor industry for X
Hawaii's people, with emphasis on managerial positions.
(6) Support and coordinate tourism promotion abroad to enhance Hawaii's X
share of existing and potential visitor markets.
(7) Maintain and encourage a more favorable resort investment climate X
consistent with the objectives of this chapter.
(8) Support law enforcement activities that provide a safer environment for X
both visitors and residents alike.
(9) Coordinate visitor industry activities and promotions to business visitors X
through the state network of advanced data communication techniques.
(c) Priority guidelines to promote the continued viability of the sugar and pineapple industries:
(1) Provide adequate agricultural lands to support the economic viability of X
the sugar and pineapple industries.
(2) Continue efforts to maintain federal support to provide stable sugar X
prices high enough to allow profitable operations in Hawaii.
(3) Support research and development, as appropriate, to improve the X
quality and production of sugar and pineapple crops.
(d) Priority guidelines to promote the growth and development of diversified agriculture and
aquaculture:
(1) Identify, conserve, and protect agricultural and aquacultural lands of X
importance and initiate affirmative and comprehensive programs to promote
economically productive agricultural and aquacultural uses of such lands.
(2) Assist in providing adequate, reasonably priced water for agricultural X
activities.

28 Appendix J

(3) Encourage public and private investment to increase water supply and to X
improve transmission, storage, and irrigation facilities in support of diversified
agriculture and aquaculture.
(4) Assist in the formation and operation of production and marketing X
associations and cooperatives to reduce production and marketing costs.
(5) Encourage and assist with the development of a waterborne and X
airborne freight and cargo system capable of meeting the needs of Hawaii's
agricultural community.
(6) Seek favorable freight rates for Hawaii's agricultural products from X
interisland and overseas transportation operators.
(7) Encourage the development and expansion of agricultural and X
aquacultural activities which offer long-term economic growth potential and
employment opportunities.
(8) Continue the development of agricultural parks and other programs to X
assist small independent farmers in securing agricultural lands and loans.
(9) Require agricultural uses in agricultural subdivisions and closely monitor X
the uses in these subdivisions.
(10) Support the continuation of land currently in use for diversified X
agriculture.
(e) Priority guidelines for water use and development:
(1) Maintain and improve water conservation programs to reduce the overall X
water consumption rate.
(2) Encourage the improvement of irrigation technology and promote the X
use of nonpotable water for agricultural and landscaping purposes.
(3) Increase the support for research and development of economically X
feasible alternative water sources.
(4) Explore alternative funding sources and approaches to support future X
water development programs and water system improvements.
(f) Priority guidelines for energy use and development:
(1) Encourage the development, demonstration, and commercialization of X
renewable energy sources.
(2) Initiate, maintain, and improve energy conservation programs aimed at X
reducing energy waste and increasing public awareness of the need to
conserve energy.
(3) Provide incentives to encourage the use of energy conserving X
technology in residential, industrial, and other buildings.
(4) Encourage the development and use of energy conserving and cost- X
efficient transportation systems.
(g) Priority guidelines to promote the development of the information industry:
(1) Establish an information network that will serve as the catalyst for X
establishing a viable information industry in Hawaii.


(2) Encourage the development of services such as financial data X
processing, a products and services exchange, foreign language translations,
telemarketing, teleconferencing, a twenty-four-hour international stock
exchange, international banking, and a Pacific Rim management center.
(3) Encourage the development of small businesses in the information field X
such as software development, the development of new information systems
and peripherals, data conversion and data entry services, and home or cottage
services such as computer programming, secretarial, and accounting services.
(4) Encourage the development or expansion of educational and training X
opportunities for residents in the information and telecommunications fields.
(5) Encourage research activities, including legal research in the information X
and telecommunications fields.
(6) Support promotional activities to market Hawaii's information industry X
services.
HRS § 226-104: Population growth and land resources priority guidelines
(a) Priority guidelines to effect desired statewide growth and distribution:
(1) Encourage planning and resource management to insure that population X
growth rates throughout the State are consistent with available and planned
resource capacities and reflect the needs and desires of Hawaii's people.
(2) Manage a growth rate for Hawaii's economy that will parallel future X
employment needs for Hawaii's people.
(3) Ensure that adequate support services and facilities are provided to X
accommodate the desired distribution of future growth throughout the State.
(4) Encourage major state and federal investments and services to promote X
economic development and private investment to the neighbor islands, as
appropriate.
(5) Explore the possibility of making available urban land, low-interest loans, X
and housing subsidies to encourage the provision of housing to support
selective economic and population growth on the neighbor islands.
(6) Seek federal funds and other funding sources outside the State for X
research, program development, and training to provide future employment
opportunities on the neighbor islands.
(7) Support the development of high technology parks on the neighbor X
islands.
(b) Priority guidelines for regional growth distribution and land resource utilization:
(1) Encourage urban growth primarily to existing urban areas where X
adequate public facilities are already available or can be provided with
reasonable public expenditures, and away from areas where other important
benefits are present, such as protection of important agricultural land/or
preservation of lifestyles.
(2) Make available marginal or nonessential agricultural lands for X
appropriate urban uses while maintaining agricultural lands of importance in the
agricultural district.

30 Appendix J

(3) Restrict development when drafting of water would result in exceeding X
the sustainable yield or in significantly diminishing the recharge capacity of any
groundwater area.
(4) Encourage restriction of new urban development in areas where water is X
insufficient from any source for both agricultural and domestic use.
(5) In order to preserve green belts, give priority to state capital- X
improvement funds which encourage location of urban development within
existing urban areas except where compelling public interest dictates
development of a noncontiguous new urban core.
(6) Seek participation from the private sector for the cost of building X
infrastructure and utilities, and maintaining open spaces.
(7) Pursue rehabilitation of appropriate urban areas. X
(8) Support the redevelopment of Kaka’ako into a viable residential, X
industrial, and commercial community.
(9) Direct future urban development away from critical environmental areas X
or impose mitigating measures so that negative impacts on the environment
would be minimized.
(10) Identify critical environmental areas in Hawaii to include but not be X
limited to the following: watershed and recharge areas; wildlife habitats (on land
and in the ocean); areas with endangered species of plants and wildlife; natural
streams and water bodies; scenic and recreational shoreline resources; open
space and natural areas; historic and cultural sites; areas particularly sensitive
to reduction in water and air quality; and scenic resources.
(11) Identify all areas where priority should be given to preserving rural X
character and lifestyle.
(12) Utilize Hawaii's limited land resources wisely, providing adequate land X
to accommodate projected population and economic growth needs while
ensuring the protection of the environment and the availability of the shoreline,
conservation lands, and other limited resources for future generations.
(13) Protect and enhance Hawaii's shoreline, open spaces, and scenic X
resources.
HRS § 226-105: Crime and criminal justice. Priority guidelines in the area of crime and criminal
justice:
(1) Support law enforcement activities and other criminal justice efforts that are X
directed to provide a safer environment.
(2) Target state and local resources on efforts to reduce the incidence of violent X
crime and on programs relating to the apprehension and prosecution of repeat
offenders.
(3) Support community and neighborhood program initiatives that enable X
residents to assist law enforcement agencies in preventing criminal activities.
(4) Reduce overcrowding or substandard conditions in correctional facilities X
through a comprehensive approach among all criminal justice agencies which
may include sentencing law revisions and use of alternative sanctions other
than incarceration for persons who pose no danger to their community.


(5) Provide a range of appropriate sanctions for juvenile offenders, including X
community-based programs and other alternative sanctions.
(6) Increase public and private efforts to assist witnesses and victims of crimes X
and to minimize the costs of victimization.
HRS § 226-106: Affordable housing. Priority guidelines for the provision of affordable housing:
(1) Seek to use marginal or nonessential agricultural land and public land to X
meet housing needs of low- and moderate-income and gap-group households.
(2) Encourage the use of alternative construction and development methods as X
a means of reducing production costs.
(3) Improve information and analysis relative to land availability and suitability X
for housing.
(4) Create incentives for development, which would increase home ownership, X
and rental opportunities for Hawaii's low-and moderate-income households,
gap-group households, and residents with special needs.
(5) Encourage continued support for government or private housing programs X
that provide low interest mortgages to Hawaii's people for the purchase of initial
owner- occupied housing.
(6) Encourage public and private sector cooperation in the development of X
rental housing alternatives.
(7) Encourage improved coordination between various agencies and levels of X
government to deal with housing policies and regulations.
(8) Give higher priority to the provision of quality housing that is affordable for X
Hawaii's residents and less priority to development of housing intended
primarily for individuals outside of Hawaii.
HRS § 226-107: Quality education. Priority guidelines to promote quality education:
(1) Pursue effective programs which reflect the varied district, school, and X
student needs to strengthen basic skills achievement;
(2) Continue emphasis on general education "core" requirements to provide X
common background to students and essential support to other university
programs;
(3) Initiate efforts to improve the quality of education by improving the X
capabilities of the education work force;
(4) Promote increased opportunities for greater autonomy and flexibility of X
educational institutions in their decision-making responsibilities;
(5) Increase and improve the use of information technology in education by the X
availability of telecommunications equipment for:
(A) The electronic exchange of information; X
(B) Statewide electronic mail; and X
(C) Access to the Internet. X
Encourage programs that increase the public's awareness and understanding of X
the impact of information technologies on our lives;
(6) Pursue the establishment of Hawaii's public and private universities and X
colleges as research and training centers of the Pacific;

32 Appendix J

(7) Develop resources and programs for early childhood education; X
(8) Explore alternatives for funding and delivery of educational services to X
improve the overall quality of education; and
(9) Strengthen and expand educational programs and services for students with X
special needs.

1.5 Hawai‘i State Functional Plans
The Hawai‘i State Plan is primarily guided by the State Functional Plans (Chapter
226, HRS) and implemented by the Department of Budget and Finance and the
State Land Use Commission. State Functional Plans are prepared by various
state agencies to serve as the primary implementing vehicle for the goals,
objectives, and policies of the Hawai‘i State Plan. A brief description on how the
Project complies with the State Functional Plans is listed in Table 5.

Table 5. Hawai‘i State Functional Plans
State Functional Plans S N/S N/A
Agriculture Functional Plan
Objective A: Achievement of increased agricultural production and growth X
through cultural and management practices.
Objective B: Achievement of an orderly agricultural marketing system through X
product promotion and industry organization.
Objective C: Achievement of increased consumption of and demand for Hawaii’s X
agricultural products through consumer education and product quality.
Objective D: Achievement of optimal contribution by agriculture to the State’s X
economy.
Objective E: Achievement of adequate capital, and knowledge of its proper X
management, for agricultural development.
Objective F: Achievement of increased agricultural production and growth X
through pest and disease controls.
Objective G: Achievement of effective protection and improved quality of X
Hawaii’s land, water, and air.
Objective H: Achievement of productive agricultural use of lands most suitable X
and needed for agriculture.
Objective I: Achievement of efficient and equitable provision of adequate water X
for agricultural use.
Objective J: Achievement of maximum degree of public understanding and X
support of agriculture in Hawaii.
Objective K: Achievement of adequate supply of properly trained labor for X
agricultural needs.


Table 5. Hawai‘i State Functional Plans (continued)
Objective L: Achievement of adequate transportation services and facilities to X
meet agricultural needs.
Objective M: Achievement of adequate support services and infrastructure to X
meet agricultural needs.
Conservation Lands Functional Plan
Objective IA: Establishment of data bases for inventories of existing lands and X
resources.
Objective IB: Establishment of criteria for management of land and natural X
resources.
Objective IIA: Establishment of plans for natural resources and land X
management.
Objective IIB: Protection of fragile or rare natural resources. X
Objective IIC: Enhancement of natural resources. X
Objective IID: Appropriate development of natural resources. X
Objective IIE: Promotion and marketing of appropriate natural resources X
designated for commercial development.
Objective IIF: Increase enforcement of land and natural resource use laws and X
regulations.
Objective IIIA: Develop and implement conservation education programs for the X
general public and visitors.
Objective IIIB: Increase access to land and natural resource data by the public X
and increase cooperation between agencies by making access to land and
natural resource information more efficient.
Education Functional Plan
Objective A(1): Academic Excellence. Emphasize quality educational programs X
in Hawaii’s institutions to promote academic excellence.
Objective A(2): Basic Skills. Promote programs and activities that facilitate the X
acquisition of basic skills, such as reading, writing, computing, listening,
speaking, and reasoning. Pursue effective programs which reflect the varied
district, school, and student needs to strengthen basic skills achievement.
Objective A(3): Education Workforce. Initiate efforts to improve the quality of X
education by improving the capabilities of the education workforce.
Objective A(4): Services and Facilities. Ensure the provision of adequate and X
accessible educational services and facilities that are designed to meet individual
and community needs.
Objective B(1): Alternatives for Funding and Delivery. Explore alternatives for X
funding and delivery of educational services to improve the overall quality of
education.
Objective B(2): Autonomy and flexibility. Promote increased opportunities for X
greater autonomy and flexibility of educational institutions in their decision-making
responsibilities.

34 Appendix J

Objective B(3): Increased Use of Technology. Increase and improve the use X
information technology in education and encourage programs which increase the
public’s awareness and understanding of the impact of information technologies
on our lives.
Objective B(4): Personal Development. Support education programs and X
activities that enhance personal development, physical fitness, recreation, and
cultural pursuits of all groups.
Objective B(5): Students with Special Needs. Provide appropriate educational
opportunities for groups with special needs.
Objective C(1): Early Childhood Education. Develop resources and programs X
for early childhood education.
Objective C(2): Hawaii’s Cultural Heritage. Promote educational programs X
which enhance understanding of Hawaii’s cultural heritage.
Objective C(3): Research Programs and [Communication] Activities. Support X
research programs and activities that enhance the education programs of the
State.
Employment Functional Plan
Objective A: Improve The Qualifications Of Entry-Level Workers And Their X
Transition To Employment.
Objective B: Develop and deliver education, training and related services to X
ensure and maintain a quality and competitive workforce.
Objective C: Improve labor exchange. X
Objective D: Improve the quality of life for workers and families. X
Objective E: Improve planning of economic development, employment and X
training activities
Energy Functional Plan
Objective A: Moderate the growth in energy demand through conservation and X
energy efficiency.
Objective B: Displace oil and fossil fuels through alternate and renewable energy X
resources.
Objective C: Promote energy education and legislation. X
Objective D: Support and develop an integrated approach to energy X
development and management.
Objective E: Ensure State’s abilities to implement energy emergency actions X
immediately in event of fuel supply disruptions. Ensure essential public services
are maintained and provisions are made to alleviate economic and personal
hardships which may arise.
Health Functional Plan
Objective 1: Health promotion and disease prevention. Reduction in the X
incidence, morbidity and mortality associated with preventable and controllable
conditions.
Objective 2: Prevention and control of communicable diseases. Reduction in the X
incidence, morbidity, and mortality associated with infectious and communicable
diseases.


Objective 3: Health needs of special populations with impaired access to health X
care. Increased availability and accessibility of health services for groups with
impaired access to health care programs.
Objective 4: Community hospitals system. Development of a community hospital X
system which is innovative, responsive and supplies high quality care to the
constituencies it serves.
Objective 5: Environmental programs to protect and enhance the environment. X
Continued development of new environmental protection and health services
programs to protect, monitor, and enhance the quality of life in Hawaii.
Objective 6: DOH leadership. To improve the Department of Health’s ability to X
meet the public health need of the State of Hawaii in the most appropriate,
beneficial and economical way possible.
Higher Education Functional Plan
Objective A: A number and variety of postsecondary education institutions X
sufficient to provide the diverse range of programs required to satisfy individual
and societal needs and interests.
Objective B: The highest level of quality, commensurate with its mission and X
objectives, of each educational, research, and public service program offered in
Hawaii by an institution of higher education.
Objective C: Provide appropriate educational opportunities for all who are willing X
and able to benefit from postsecondary education.
Objective D: Provide financing for postsecondary education programs sufficient X
to ensure adequate diversity, high quality, and wide accessibility.
Objective E: Increase program effectiveness and efficiency through better X
coordination of educational resources.
Historic Preservation Functional Plan
Objective A: Identification of historic properties. X
Objective B: Protection of historic properties. X
Objective C: Management and treatment of historic properties. X
Objective D: Provision of adequate facilities to preserve historic resources. X
Objective E: The establishment of programs to collect and conserve historic X
records, artifacts, and/or oral histories and to document and perpetuate traditional
arts, skills, and culture.
Objective F: Provision of better access to historic information. X
Objective G: Enhancement of skills and knowledge needed to preserve historical X
resources.
Housing Functional Plan
Objective A: Homeownership for at least sixty percent, or roughly 248,500 X
households by the year 2000.
Objective B: Sufficient amount of affordable rental housing units by the year X
2000 so as to increase the State’s rental vacancy rate to at least 3%, with priority
given to increasing the supply of units affordable to very low and lower income
households.

36 Appendix J

Objective C: Increased development of rental housing units for the elderly and X
other special need groups to afford them an equal access to housing.
Objective D: Preservation of existing public and private housing stock. X
Objective E: Acquire and designate land suitable for housing development in X
sufficient amount to locate the deficit in housing units by the year 2000.
Objective F: Maintain a statewide housing data system for use by public and X
private agencies engaged in the provision of housing.
Human Services Functional Plan
Objective A: To sustain and improve current elder abuse and neglect services. X
Objective B: To increase cost-effective, high quality home and community based X
services.
Objective C: To increase home-based services to keep children in their homes X
and to increase placement resources for those children who must be temporarily
or permanently removed from their homes, due to abuse or neglect.
Objective D: To address factors that contribute to child abuse and other forms of X
family violence.
Objective E: To provide affordable, accessible, and quality child care. X
Objective G: To provide AFDC recipients with a viable opportunity to become X
independent of the welfare system.
Objective H: To facilitate client access to human services. X
Objective I: To eliminate organizational barriers which limit client access to X
human services.
Recreation Functional Plan
Objective I.A: Address the problem of saturation of the capacity of beach parks X
and near shore waters.
Objective I.B: Reduce the incidence of ocean recreation accidents. X
Objective I.C: Resolve conflicts between different activities at heavily used ocean X
recreation areas.
Objective I.D: Provide adequate boating facilities. Balance the demand for X
boating facilities against the need to protect the marine environment from
potential adverse impacts.
Objective II.A: Plan, develop, and promote recreational activities and facilities in X
mauka and other areas to provide a wide range of alternatives.
Objective II.B: Meet special recreation needs of the elderly, the disabled, X
woman, single-parent families, immigrants, and other groups.
Objective II.C: Improve and expand the provision of recreation facilities in urban X
areas and local communities.
Objective III.A: Prevent the loss of access to shoreline and upland recreation X
areas due to new developments.
Objective III.B: Resolve the problem of landowner liability that seriously hampers X
public access over private lands.
Objective III.C: Increase access to State Forest Reserve lands over federal X
property, leased State lands, and other government lands.


Objective III.D: Acquire, develop, and manage additional public access ways. X
Objective IV.A: Promote a conservation ethic in the use of Hawaii’s recreational X
resources.
Objective IV.B: Prevent degradation of the marine environment. X
Objective IV.C: Improve the State’s enforcement capabilities. X
Objective IV.D: Mitigate adverse impacts of tour helicopters on the quality of X
recreational experiences in wilderness areas.
Objective V.A: Properly maintain existing parks and recreation areas. X
Objective V.B: Promote interagency coordination and cooperation to facilitate X
sharing of resources, joint development efforts, clarification of responsibilities and
jurisdictions, and improvements in enforcement capabilities.
Objective V.C: Assure adequate support for priority outdoor recreation programs X
and facilities.
Objective VI.A: Increase recreational access and opportunities in Hawaii’s X
wetlands.
Objective VI.B: Develop an adequate information base to assist the County X
planning departments and other regulatory agencies in make decisions regarding
wetlands.
Objective VI.C: Assure the protection of the most valuable wetlands in the state. X
Tourism Functional Plan
Objective I.A: Development, implementation and maintenance of policies and X
actions which support the steady and balanced growth of the visitor industry.
Objective II.A: Development and maintenance of well-designed visitor facilities X
and related developments which are sensitive to the environment, sensitive to
neighboring communities and activities, and adequately serviced by infrastructure
and support services.
Objective III.A: Enhancement of respect and regard for the fragile resources X
which comprise Hawaii’s natural and cultural environment.
Objective IV.A: Support of Hawaii’s diverse range of lifestyles and natural X
environment.
Objective IV.B: Achievement of mutual appreciation among residents, visitors, X
and the visitor industry.
Objective V.A: Development of a productive workforce to maintain a high quality X
visitor industry.
Objective V.B: Enhancement of career and employment opportunities in the X
visitor industry.
Objective VI.A: Maintenance of a high customer awareness of Hawaii as a visitor X
destination in specific desired market segments.
Transportation Functional Plan
Objective I.A: Expansion of the transportation system. X
Objective I.B: Reduction of travel demand through zoning and decentralization X
initiatives.

38 Appendix J

Objective I.C: Management of existing transportation systems through a program X
of transportation systems management (TSM).
Objective I.D: Identification and reservation of lands and rights-of-way required X
for future transportation improvements.
Objective I.E: Planning and designing State highways to enhance interregional X
mobility.
Objective I.F: Improving and enhancing transportation safety. X
Objective I.G: Improved transportation maintenance programs. X
Objective I.H: Ensure that transportation facilities are accessible to people with X
disabilities.
Objective II.A: Development of a transportation infrastructure that supports X
economic development initiatives.
Objective III.B: Expansion of revenue bases for transportation improvements. X
Objective IV.A: Providing educational programs. X
Water Resources Development Functional Plan
Objective A: Enunciate State water policy and improve management framework. X
Objective B: Maintain the long-term availability of freshwater supplies, giving X
consideration to the accommodation of important environmental values.
Objective C: Improve management of floodplains. X
Objective D: Assure adequate municipal water supplies for planned urban X
growth.
Objective E: Assure the availability of adequate water for agriculture. X
Objective F: Encourage and coordinate with other water programs the X
development of self-supplied industrial water and the production of water-based
energy.
Objective G: Provide for the protection and enhancement of Hawaii’s freshwater X
and estuarine environment.
Objective H: Improve State grant and loan procedures for water program and X
projects.
Objective I: Pursue water resources data collection and research to meet X
changing needs.

1.6 Kaiāulu ‘O Kaka‘ako Master Plan (2008)
The Hawai‘i Community Development Authority (HCDA) was created in 1976 by
the Hawai‘i State Legislature to plan for and to revitalize urban areas in the State
that lawmakers find to be in need of timely redevelopment. The Legislature
designated Kaka‘ako as a "Community Development District" because it was
determined to be underused and deteriorating, but with the potential, once
redeveloped, to address the needs of Hawai‘i’s people. The 600-acre Kaka‘ako
District is bounded by Pi‘ikoi, King, and Punchbowl Streets and Ala Moana
Boulevard. The Kaka‘ako District development plans and rules are designed to
guide redevelopment of this former warehouse area into a vibrant mixed-use


urban community with residential, commercial, industrial, and other uses. The
development plans explain the general goals and objectives for redevelopment,
while the development rules detail specific zoning regulations.
The vision set forth in the Kaiāulu ‘o Kaka‘ako Master Plan (KKMP) is consistent
with and builds upon the principles, visions, and goals of all prior area plans.
While there have been enhancements to key Vision Elements within the KKMP,
including stewardship and environmental sustainability, the ongoing community
outreach process since July 2008 has confirmed the continuity of the area’s
vision.
The plans for Kaka‘ako strive to create a vibrant neighborhood that is respectful
of its history and supportive of residents and businesses as they look to the
future. This neighborhood is envisioned as a place for kama‘āina to live. It is a
place with varied and desirable housing options, good jobs nearby, and access to
multiple recreational options, all within an exciting urban environment. It is
anticipated that the KKMP area is anticipated to have up to 2,750 dwellings in
lofts, townhouses, and condominiums. Auahi and Cooke Streets will form the
crossroads of the neighborhood, with Auahi as the main neighborhood retail
street and Cooke Street as the backbone of a park-to-park connection between
Mother Waldron and Gateway Parks.
Landscaped streets, plazas, green space, courtyards, and public and private
gardens will be located throughout the neighborhood, providing a variety of uses
for both passive and active recreation and contributing to the sense of discovery
and uniqueness within Kaka‘ako. Adaptive reuse will also be employed in
buildings throughout the neighborhood to support existing and new local
businesses and provide incubator space for emerging innovation industries.
At the heart of the crossroads, a community gathering place is envisioned. This
central area is designed as a large public plaza surrounded by unique and
interesting retailing. Programming will be determined as development
progresses, but the essence of this space is to create an activity node that is
unique and provides indoor/outdoor areas that can host a range of activities and
events—cultural and artistic, large and small. This public amenity creates a
central neighborhood meeting place that offers opportunities for residents and
visitors to connect with the community and each other.
The Project’s relationship to the Kaiāulu ‘o Kaka‘ako Master Plan is listed in
Table 6.

40 Appendix J

Table 6. Kaiāulu ‘o Kaka‘ako Master Plan
Kaiāulu ‘o Kaka‘ako Master Plan S N/S N/A
Roots and Wings
The concept of “Roots and Wings” speaks to the dual nature of sensitive and thoughtful urban
regeneration. The Roots aspect looks back and reflects a deep understanding and commitment to the
surrounding community, its history and evolution over time, and the stake of the existing residents,
workers, business people, and institutions within it. Wings represents a forward-looking attitude and
how the district can embrace the latest in technology, creativity, innovation, and cultural trending so
that it propels the community forward in both economic and social vitality. Some of the key principles
within this Vision Element are:
A place where people who have left Hawai‘i can return to live, work, shop, and X
play.
A place which empowers the people of Hawai’i to aspire. X
A place of innovation where new business opportunities are created in the X
emerging life science industries.
A leading edge example that is a model of redevelopment. X
A place that is progressive and forward thinking. X
A place embracing state-of-the-art technology. X
A community that provides a diversity of housing. X
A district that is local yet global. X
Stewardship of the Land
Hawaiians have always embraced stewardship for their islands. The original ahupua‘a land
management principles recognized the interdependencies of ecosystems and created a synergy of
uses in land use decisions. Building upon this rich legacy of land management, Kamehameha
Schools adopted stewardship of the land as one of its key Vision Elements in the SIP. More specific
to Kaka‘ako, these stewardship principles include:
Embracing sustainable land and building practices by developers within the X
district.
Strengthening linkages to the islands’ heritage and spirit. X
Celebrating the natural environment by enhancing mauka/makai linkages with X
views, and pedestrian and activity corridors.
Creating a sustainable and vibrant cultural life. X
Ensuring economic sustainability by adopting flexible development strategies that X
can flourish through various economic cycles.
Honoring and protecting wahi kūpuna (ancestral sites) inclusive of all cultural X
resources and ‘iwi they contain.
Creating an Urban Village
Kaka‘ako presents a one-of-a-kind opportunity for a true mixed-use “urban village.” Its central
location, coupled with its proximity to employment in Downtown and the emerging life
science/innovation developments makai of Ala Moana, are unique to Kaka‘ako. These advantages,
which are more prominent today than when the State Legislature first articulated the urban village
vision in 1976, were embraced during our 2004 community outreach. What resulted was a re-
affirmation of the principle of mixed-use development within the urban core. Some of the key
principles within this Vision Element are:
Integrating the neighborhood into the surrounding community. X
The neighborhood must have a clear sense of community with full time residents X
and workers finding ways to connect with each other and the place.
A pedestrian-friendly district where residents can meet most daily needs without X
an auto.
A neighborhood that contains local serving commercial uses for the population. X
A diversity of housing able to attract a broad demographic mix. X
A vibrant culture and active street-life. X


2 City and County of Honolulu
2.1 General Plan
As required by the City Charter, the General Plan for the City and County of
Honolulu establishes long-range objectives that focus on the social, economic,
environmental, and design objectives for the general welfare and prosperity of
the residents of O‘ahu. The General Plan also establishes broad policies
designed to achieve these objectives. Objectives and policies of the General
Plan are discussed in Table 7.

Table 7. City and County of Honolulu General Plan—Objectives and Policies
Population
Objective A: To control the growth of Oahu’s resident and visitor populations in order to avoid social,
economic, and environmental disruptions.
Policy 1: Participate in State and Federal programs which seek to develop social, X
economic, legal, and environmental controls over population growth.
Policy 2: Seek a balance between the rate of in-migration and the rate of out- X
migration by reducing in-migration.
Policy 3: Support Federal policies providing for a more even distribution of X
immigrants throughout the country.
Policy 4: Seek to maintain a desirable pace of physical development through City X
and County regulations.
Policy 5: Encourage family planning. X
Policy 6: Publicize the desire of the City and County to limit population growth. X
Objective B: To plan for future population growth.
Policy 1: Allocate efficiently the money and resources of the City and County in X
order to meet the needs of Oahu’s anticipated future population.
Policy 2: Provide adequate support facilities to accommodate future growth in the X
number of visitors to Oahu.
Objective C: To establish a pattern of population distribution that will allow the people of Oahu to live
and work in harmony.
Policy 1: Facilitate the full development of the primary urban center. X
Policy 2: Encourage development within the secondary urban center at Kapolei X
and the ‘Ewa and Central Oahu urban-fringe areas to relieve developmental
pressures in the remaining urban-fringe and rural areas and to meet housing
needs not readily provided in the primary urban center.
Policy 3: Manage physical growth and development in the urban-fringe and rural X
areas so that: (a) An undesirable spreading of development is prevented; and (b)
Their population densities are consistent with the character of development and
environmental qualities desired for such areas.
Policy 4: (Amended, Resolution 02-205, CD1): Direct growth according to X
Policies 1, 2, and 3 above by providing land development capacity and needed
infrastructure to seek a 2025 distribution of Oahu’s residential population

42 Appendix J

(continued)
Economic Activity
Objective A: To promote employment opportunities that will enable all the people of Oahu to attain a
decent standard of living.
Policy 1: Encourage the growth and diversification of Oahu’s economic base. X
Policy 2: Encourage the development of small businesses and larger industries, X
which will contribute to the economic and social well-being of Oahu residents.
Policy 3: Encourage the development in appropriate locations on Oahu of trade, X
communications, and other industries of a nonpolluting nature.
Policy 4: Encourage the development of local, national, and world markets for the X
products of Oahu-based industries.
Policy 5: Encourage the wider distribution of available employment opportunities X
through such methods as shortening the workweek and reducing the use of
overtime.
Policy 6: Encourage the continuation of a significant level of Federal employment X
on Oahu.
Objective B: To maintain the viability of Oahu’s visitor industry.
Policy 1: Provide for the long-term viability of Waikiki as Oahu’s primary resort X
area by giving the area priority in visitor industry related public expenditures.
Policy 2: Provide for a high quality and safe environment for visitors and residents X
in Waikiki.
Policy 3: Encourage private participation in improvements to facilities in Waikiki. X
Policy 4: Prohibit major increases in permitted development densities in Waikiki. X
Policy 5: Prohibit further growth in the permitted number of hotel and resort X
condominium units in Waikiki.
Policy 6: Permit the development of secondary resort areas in West Beach, X
Kahuku, Mākaha, and Lā‘ie.
Policy 7: Manage the development of secondary resort areas in a manner which X
respects existing lifestyles and the natural environment, and avoids substantial
increases in the cost of providing public services in the area.
Policy 8: Preserve the well-known and widely publicized beauty of Oahu for X
visitors as well as residents.
Policy 9: Encourage the visitor industry to provide a high level of service to X
visitors.
Objective C: To maintain the viability of agriculture on Oahu.
Policy 1: Assist the agricultural industry to ensure the continuation of agriculture X
as an important source of income and employment.
Policy 2: Support agricultural diversification in all agricultural areas on Oahu. X
Policy 3: Support the development of markets for local products, particularly X
those with the potential for economic growth.
Policy 4: Provide sufficient agricultural land in ‘Ewa, Central Oahu, and the North X
Shore to encourage the continuation of sugar and pineapple as viable industries.


(continued)
Policy 5: Maintain agricultural land along the Windward, North Shore, and X
Waianae coasts for truck farming, flower growing, aquaculture, livestock
production, and other types of diversified agriculture.
Policy 6: Encourage the more intensive use of productive agricultural land. X
Policy 7: Encourage the use of more efficient production practices by agriculture, X
including the efficient use of water.
Policy 8: Encourage the more efficient use of non-potable water for agricultural X
use.
Objective D: To make full use of the economic resources of the sea.
Policy 1: Assist the fishing industry to maintain its viability. X
Policy 2: Encourage the development of aquaculture, ocean research, and other X
ocean- related industries.
Policy 3: Focus the development of ocean related economic activities in the X
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands on those which are compatible with preserving
the area’s unique environmental, marine, and wildlife assets.
Objective E: To prevent the occurrence of large-scale unemployment.
Policy 1: Encourage the training and employment of present residents for X
currently available and future jobs.
Policy 2: Make full use of State and Federal employment and training programs. X
Policy 3: Encourage the provision of retraining programs for workers in industries X
with planned reductions in their labor force.
Objective F: To increase the amount of Federal spending on Oahu.
Policy 1: Take full advantage of Federal programs and grants which will X
contribute to the economic and social well being of Oahu’s residents.
Policy 2: Encourage the Federal government to pay for the cost of public services X
used by Federal agencies.
Policy 3: Encourage the Federal government to lease new facilities rather than X
construct them on tax exempt public land.
Policy 4: Encourage the military to purchase locally all needed services and X
supplies which are available on Oahu.
Objective G: To bring about orderly economic growth on Oahu.
Policy 1: Direct major economic activity and government services to the primary X
urban center and the secondary urban center at Kapolei.
Policy 2: Permit the moderate growth of business centers in the urban-fringe X
areas.
Policy 3: Maintain sufficient land in appropriately located commercial and X
industrial areas to help ensure a favorable business climate on Oahu.
Policy 4: Encourage the continuation of a high level of military-related X
employment in the Hickam-Pearl Harbor, Wahiawa, Kailua-Kaneohe, and ‘Ewa
areas.

44 Appendix J

(continued)
Natural Environment
Objective A: To protect and preserve the natural environment.
Policy 1: Protect Oahu’s natural environment, especially the shoreline, valleys, X
and ridges, from incompatible development.
Policy 2: Seek the restoration of environmentally damaged areas and natural X
resources.
Policy 3: Retain the Island’s streams as scenic, aquatic, and recreation X
resources.
Policy 4: Require development projects to give due consideration to natural X
features such as slope, flood and erosion hazards, water- recharge areas,
distinctive land forms, and existing vegetation.
Policy 5: Require sufficient setbacks of improvements in unstable shoreline areas X
to avoid the future need for protective structures.
Policy 6: Design surface drainage and flood-control systems in a manner, which X
will help preserve their natural settings.
Policy 7: Protect the natural environment from damaging levels of air, water, and X
noise pollution.
Policy 8: Protect plants, birds, and other animals that are unique to the State of X
Hawaii and the Island of Oahu.
Policy 9: Protect mature trees on public and private lands and encourage their X
integration into new developments.
Policy 10: Increase public awareness and appreciation of Oahu's land, air, and X
water resources.
Policy 11: Encourage the State and Federal governments to protect the unique X
environmental, marine, and wildlife assets of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.
Objective B: To preserve and enhance the natural monuments and scenic views of Oahu for the benefit
of both residents and visitors.
Policy 1: Protect the Island’s well-known resources: its mountains and craters; X
forests and watershed areas; marshes, rivers, and streams; shoreline, fishponds,
and bays; and reefs and offshore islands.
Policy 2: Protect Oahu’s scenic views, especially those seen from highly X
developed and heavily traveled areas.
Policy 3: Locate roads, highways, and other public facilities and utilities in areas X
where they will least obstruct important views of the mountains and the sea.
Policy 4: Provide opportunities for recreational and educational use and physical X
contact with Oahu’s natural environmental.
Policy 5: Identify all areas where priority should be given to preserving rural X
character and lifestyle.
Policy 6: Utilize Hawai’i’s limited land resources wisely, providing adequate land X
to accommodate projected population and economic growth needs while
ensuring the protection of the environment and the availability of the shoreline,
conservation lands, and other limited resources for future generations.


(continued)
Policy 7: Protect and enhance Hawai’i’s shoreline, open spaces, and scenic X
resources.
Housing
Objective A: To provide decent housing for all the people of Oahu at prices they can afford.
Policy 1: Develop programs and controls, which will provide decent homes at the X
least possible cost.
Policy 2: Streamline approval and permit procedures for housing and other X
development projects.
Policy 3: Encourage innovative residential development, which will result in lower X
costs, added convenience and privacy, and the more efficient use of streets and
utilities.
Policy 4: Establish public, and encourage private, programs to maintain and X
improve the condition of existing housing.
Policy 5: Make full use of State and Federal programs that provide financial X
assistance for low- and moderate-income homebuyers.
Policy 6: Expand local funding mechanisms available to pay for government X
housing programs.
Policy 7: Provide financial and other incentives to encourage the private sector to X
build homes for low and moderate- income residents.
Policy 8: Encourage and participate in joint public- private development of low- X
and moderate- income housing.
Policy 9: Encourage the preservation of existing housing which is affordable to X
low- and moderate-income persons.
Policy 10: Promote the construction of affordable dwellings, which take X
advantage of Oahu’s year-round moderate climate.
Policy 11: Encourage the construction of affordable homes within established X
low-density communities by such means as “‘ohana” units, duplex dwellings, and
cluster development.
Policy 12: Encourage the production and maintenance of affordable rental X
housing.
Policy 13: Encourage the provision of affordable housing designed for the elderly X
and the handicapped.
Policy 14: Encourage equitable relationships between landowners and X
leaseholders, between landlords and tenants, and between condominium
developers and owners.
Objective B: To reduce speculation in land and housing.
Policy 1: Encourage the State government to coordinate its urban-area X
designations with the developmental policies of the City and County.
Policy 2: Discourage private developers from acquiring and assembling land X
outside of areas planned for urban use.
Policy 3: Seek public benefits from increases in the value of land owing to City X
and State developmental policies and decisions.

46 Appendix J

(continued)
Policy 4: Require government-subsidized housing to be delivered to appropriate X
purchasers and renters.
Policy 5: Prohibit the selling or renting of government-subsidized housing for X
large profits.
Objective C: To provide the people of Oahu with a choice of living environments which are reasonably
close to employment, recreation, and commercial centers and which are adequately served by public
utilities.
Policy 1: Encourage residential developments that offer a variety of homes to X
people of different income levels and to families of various sizes.
Policy 2: Encourage the fair distribution of low- and moderate-income housing X
throughout the Island.
Policy 3: Encourage residential development near employment centers. X
Policy 4: Encourage residential development in areas where existing roads, X
utilities, and other community facilities are not being used to capacity.
Policy 5: Discourage residential development where roads, utilities, and X
community facilities cannot be provided at a reasonable cost.
Policy 6: Preserve older communities through self-help, housing-rehabilitation, X
improvement districts, and other governmental programs.
Transportation And Utilities
Objective A: To create a transportation system which will enable people and goods to move safely,
efficiently, and at a reasonable cost, serve all people, including the poor, the elderly, and the physically
handicapped; and offer a variety of attractive and convenient modes of travel.
Policy 1: Develop and maintain an integrated ground-transportation system X
consisting of the following elements and their primary purposes:
a) Public transportation-for travel to and from work, and travel within Central X
Honolulu;
b) Roads and highways-for commercial traffic and travel in non-urban areas; X
c) Bikeways-for recreational activities and trips to work, schools, shopping X
centers, and community facilities; and
d) Pedestrian walkways-for getting around Downtown and Waikiki, and for X
trips to schools, parks, and shopping centers.
Policy 2: Provide transportation services to people living within the ‘Ewa, Central X
Oahu, and Pearl City-Hawaii Kai corridors primarily through a mass transit
system including exclusive right-of-way rapid transit and feeder-bus components
as well as through the existing highway system with limited improvements as may
be appropriate.
Policy 3: Provide transportation services outside the ‘Ewa, Central Oahu, and X
Pearl City-Hawaii Kai corridors primarily through a system of express-and feeder-
buses as well as through the highway system with limited to moderate
improvements sufficient to meet the needs of the communities being served.
Policy 4: Improve transportation facilities and services in the ‘Ewa corridor and in X
the trans-Ko’olau corridors to meet the needs of ‘Ewa and Windward
communities.


(continued)
Policy 5: Improve roads in existing communities to reduce congestion and X
eliminate unsafe conditions.
Policy 6: Consider environmental impact as well as construction and operating X
costs as important factors in planning alternative nodes of transportation.
Policy 7: Promote the use of public transportation as a means of moving people X
quickly and efficiently, of conserving energy, and of guiding urban development.
Policy 8: Make available transportation services to people with limited mobility: X
the young, the elderly, the handicapped, and the poor.
Policy 9: Promote programs to reduce dependence on the use of automobiles. X
Policy 10: Discourage the inefficient use of the private automobile, especially in X
congested corridors and during peak- hours.
Policy 11: Make public, and encourage private, improvements to major walkway X
systems.
Policy 12: Encourage the provision of separate aviation facilities for small civilian X
aircraft.
Policy 13: Facilitate the development of a second deep-water harbor to relieve X
congestion in Honolulu Harbor.
Objective B: To meet the needs of the people of Oahu for an adequate supply of water and for
environmentally sound systems of waste disposal.
Policy 1: Develop and maintain an adequate supply of water for both residents X
and visitors.
Policy 2: Develop and maintain an adequate supply of water for agricultural and X
industrial needs.
Policy 3: Encourage the development of new technology, which will reduce the X
cost of providing water and the cost of waste disposal.
Policy 4: Encourage a lowering of the per-capita consumption of water and the X
per-capita production of waste.
Policy 5: Provide safe, efficient, and environmentally sensitive waste-collection X
and waste-disposal services.
Policy 6: Support programs to recover resources from solid-waste and recycle X
wastewater.
Policy 7: Require the safe disposal of hazardous waste. X
Objective C: To maintain a high level of service for all utilities.
Policy 1: Maintain existing utility systems in order to avoid major breakdowns. X
Policy 2: Provide improvements to utilities in existing neighborhoods to reduce X
substandard conditions.
Policy 3: Plan for the timely and/or orderly expansion of utility systems. X
Policy 4: Increase the efficiency of public utilities by encouraging a mixture of X
uses with peak periods of demand occurring at different times of the day.

48 Appendix J

(continued)
Objective D: To maintain transportation and utility systems which will help Oahu continue to be a
desirable place to live and visit.
Policy 1: Give primary emphasis in the capital-improvement program to the X
maintenance and improvement of existing roads and utilities.
Policy 2: Use the transportation and utility systems as a means of guiding growth X
and the pattern of land use on Oahu.
Policy 3: Encourage the study and use of telecommunications as an alternative to X
conventional transportation facilities.
Policy 4: Evaluate the social, economic, and environmental impact of additions to X
the transportation and utility systems before they are constructed.
Policy 5: Require the installation of underground utility lines wherever feasible. X
Policy 6: Seek improved taxing powers for the City and County in order to provide X
a more equitable means of financing transportation and utility services.
Energy
Objective A: To maintain an adequate, dependable, and economical supply of energy for Oahu residents.
Policy 1: Develop and maintain a comprehensive plan to guide and coordinate X
energy conservation and alternative energy development and utilization programs
on Oahu.
Policy 2: Establish economic incentives and regulatory measures which will X
reduce Oahu’s dependence on petroleum as its primary source of energy.
Policy 3: Support programs and projects which contribute to the attainment of X
energy self-sufficiency on Oahu.
Policy 4: Promote and assist efforts to establish adequate petroleum reserves X
within Hawaii’s boundaries.
Policy 5: Give adequate consideration to environmental, public health, and safety X
concerns, to resource limitations, and to relative costs when making decisions
concerning alternatives for conserving energy and developing natural energy
resources.
Policy 6: Work closely with the State and Federal governments in the formulation X
and implementation of all City and County energy- related programs.
Objective B: To conserve energy through the more efficient management of its use.
Policy 1: Ensure that the efficient use of energy is a primary factor in the X
preparation and administration of land use plans and regulations.
Policy 2: Provide incentives and, where appropriate, mandatory controls to X
achieve energy-efficient site selection and design of new developments.
Policy 3: Carry out public, and promote private, programs to more efficiently use X
energy in existing buildings and outdoor facilities.
Policy 4: Promote the development of an energy-efficient transportation system. X
Objective C: To fully utilize proven alternative sources of energy.
Policy 1: Encourage the use of commercially available solar energy systems in X
public facilities, institutions, residences, and business developments.


(continued)
Policy 2: Support the increased use of operational solid waste energy recovery X
and other biomass energy conversion systems.
Objective D: To develop and apply new, locally available energy resources.
Policy 1: Support and participate in research, development, demonstration, and X
commercialization programs aimed at producing new, economical, and
environmentally sound energy supplies from:
a) solar insulation; X
b) biomass energy conversion; X
c) wind energy conversion; X
d) geothermal energy; and X
e) ocean thermal energy conversion. X
Policy 2: Secure State and Federal support of City and County efforts to develop X
new sources of energy.
Policy 1: Supply citizens with the information they need to fully understand the X
potential supply, cost, and other problems associated with Oahu’s dependence
on imported petroleum.
Policy 2: Foster the development of an energy conservation ethic among Oahu X
residents.
Policy 3: Keep consumers informed about available alternative energy sources X
and their costs and benefits.
Policy 4: Provide information concerning the impact of public and private X
decisions on future energy use.
Physical Development And Urban Design
Objective A: To coordinate changes in the physical environment of Oahu to ensure that all new
developments are timely, well-designed, and appropriate for the areas in which they will be located.
Policy 1: Plan for the construction of new public facilities and utilities in the X
various parts of the Island according to the following order of priority: first, in the
primary urban center; second, in the secondary urban center at Kapolei; and
third, in the urban- fringe and rural areas.
Policy 2: Coordinate the location and timing of new development with the X
availability of adequate water supply, sewage treatment, drainage, transportation,
and public safety facilities.
Policy 3: Phase the construction of new developments so that they do not require X
more regional supporting services than are available.
Policy 4: Require new developments to provide or pay the cost of all essential X
community services, including roads, utilities, schools, parks, and emergency
facilities that are intended to directly serve the development.
Policy 5: Provide for more compact development and intensive use of urban X
lands where compatible with the physical and social character of existing
communities.
Policy 6: Encourage the clustering of developments to reduce the cost of X
providing utilities and other public services.

50 Appendix J

(continued)
Policy 7: Locate new industries and new commercial areas so that they will be X
well related to their markets and suppliers, and to residential areas and
transportation facilities.
Policy 8: Locate community facilities on sites that will be convenient to the people X
they are intended to serve.
Policy 9: Exclude from residential areas, uses which are major sources of noise X
and air pollution.
Policy 10: Establish danger zones to exclude incompatible uses from hazardous X
areas surrounding airfields, electromagnetic- radiation sources, and storage
places for fuel and explosives.
Policy 11: Prohibit new airfields, electromagnetic-radiation sources, and storage X
places for fuel and explosives from locating on sites where they will endanger or
disrupt nearby communities.
Objective B: To develop Honolulu (Wai’alae-Kāhala to Hālawa), ‘Aiea, and Pearl City as the Island’s
primary urban center.
Policy 1: Stimulate development in the primary urban center by means of the City X
and County’s capital improvement program and State and Federal grant and loan
programs.
Policy 2: Provide for the expanded development of low-rise multi-unit housing. X
Policy 3: Encourage the establishment of mixed-use districts with appropriate X
design and development controls to insure an attractive living environment and
compatibility with surrounding land uses.
Policy 4: Provide downtown Honolulu and other major business centers with a X
well-balanced mixture of uses.
Policy 5: Encourage the development of attractive residential communities in X
downtown and other business centers.
Policy 6: Maintain and improve downtown as the financial and office center of the X
Island, and as a major retail center.
Policy 7: Provide for the continued viability of the Hawai’i Capital District as a X
center of government activities and as an attractive park like setting in the heart
of the City.
Policy 8: Foster the development of Honolulu’s waterfront as the State’s major X
port and maritime center, as a people- oriented mixed-use area, and as a major
recreation area.
Policy 9: Facilitate the redevelopment of Kaka’ako as a major residential, as well X
as commercial and light industrial area.
Objective C: To develop a secondary urban center in ‘Ewa with its nucleus in the Kapolei area.
Policy 1: Allocate funds from the City and County’s capital-improvement program X
for public projects that are needed to facilitate development of the secondary
urban center at Kapolei.
Policy 2: Encourage the development of a major residential, commercial, and X
employment center within the secondary urban center at Kapolei.
Policy 3: Encourage the continuing development of Barbers Point as a major X
industrial center.


(continued)
Policy 4: Coordinate plans for the development of the secondary urban center at X
Kapolei with the State and Federal governments and with the sugar industry.
Policy 5: Cooperate with the State and Federal governments in the development X
of a deep water harbor at Barbers Point.
Policy 6: Encourage the development of the ‘Ewa Marina Community as a major X
residential and recreation area emphasizing recreational boating activities
through the provision of a major marina and a related maritime commercial center
containing light-industrial, commercial, and visitor accommodation uses.
Objective D: To maintain those development characteristics in the urban-fringe and rural areas which
make them desirable places to live.
Policy 1: Develop and maintain urban fringe areas as predominantly residential X
areas characterized by generally low rise, low density development which may
include significant levels of retail and service commercial uses as well as satellite
institutional and public uses geared to serving the needs of households.
Policy 2: Coordinate plans for developments within the ‘Ewa and Central Oahu X
urban-fringe areas with the State and Federal governments and with the sugar,
pineapple, and other emerging agricultural industries.
Policy 3: Establish a green belt in the ‘Ewa and Central Oahu areas of Oahu in X
the Development Plans.
Policy 4: Maintain rural areas as areas which are intended to provide X
environments supportive of lifestyle choices which are dependent on the
availability of land suitable for small to moderate size agricultural pursuits, a
relatively open and scenic setting, and/or a small town, country atmosphere
consisting of communities which are small in size, very low density and low rise in
character, and may contain a mixture of uses.
Objective E: To create and maintain attractive, meaningful, and stimulating environments throughout
Oahu.
Policy 1: Prepare and maintain a comprehensive urban-design plan for the Island X
of Oahu.
Policy 2: Integrate the City and County’s urban-design plan into all levels of X
physical planning and developmental controls.
Policy 3: Encourage distinctive community identities for both new and existing X
districts and neighborhoods.
Policy 4: Require the consideration of urban-design principles in all development X
projects.
Policy 5: Require new developments in stable, established communities and rural X
areas to be compatible with the existing communities and areas.
Policy 6: Provide special design standards and controls that will allow more X
compact development and intensive use of lands in the primary urban center.
Policy 7: Promote public and private programs to beautify the urban and rural X
environments.
Policy 8: Preserve and maintain beneficial open space in urbanized areas. X
Policy 9: Design public structures to meet high aesthetic and functional standards X
and to complement the physical character of the communities they will serve.

52 Appendix J

(continued)
Policy 10: Establish a review process to evaluate the design of major X
development projects.
Objective F: To promote and enhance the social and physical character of Oahu’s older towns and
neighborhoods.
Policy 1: Encourage new construction to complement the ethnic qualities of the X
older communities of Oahu.
Policy 2: Encourage, wherever desirable, the rehabilitation of existing X
substandard structures.
Policy 3: Provide and maintain roads, public facilities, and utilities without X
damaging the character of older communities.
Policy 4: Seek the satisfactory relocation of residents before permitting their X
displacement by new development, redevelopment, or neighborhood
rehabilitation.
Public Safety
Objective A: To prevent and control crime and maintain public order.
Policy 1: Provide a safe environment for residents and visitors on Oahu. X
Policy 2: Provide adequate criminal justice facilities and staffing for City and X
County law- enforcement agencies.
Policy 3: Emphasize improvements to police and prosecution operations which X
will result in a higher proportion of wrongdoers who are arrested, convicted, and
punished for their crimes.
Policy 4: Keep the public informed of the nature and extent of criminal activity on X
Oahu.
Policy 5: Establish and maintain programs to encourage public cooperation in the X
prevention and solution of crimes.
Policy 6: Seek the help of State and Federal law- enforcement agencies to curtail X
the activities of organized crime syndicates on Oahu.
Policy 7: Conduct periodic reviews of criminal laws to ensure their relevance to X
the community’s needs and values.
Policy 8: Cooperate with other law-enforcement agencies to develop new X
methods of fighting crime.
Policy 9: Encourage the improvement of rehabilitation programs and facilities for X
criminals and juvenile offenders.
Objective B: To protect the people of Oahu and their property against natural disasters and other
emergencies, traffic and fire hazards, and unsafe conditions.
Policy 1: Keep up-to-date and enforce all City and County safety regulations. X
Policy 2: Require all developments in areas subject to floods and tsunamis to be X
located and constructed in a manner that will not create any health or safety
hazard.
Policy 3: Participate with State and Federal agencies in the funding and X
construction of flood-control projects.
Policy 4: Cooperate with State and Federal agencies to provide tsunami warning X
and protection for Oahu.


(continued)
Policy 5: Cooperate with State and Federal agencies to provide protection from X
war, civil disruptions, and other major disturbances.
Policy 6: Reduce hazardous traffic conditions. X
Policy 7: Provide adequate fire protection and effective fire prevention programs. X
Policy 8: Provide adequate search and rescue and disaster response services. X
Policy 9: Design safe and secure public buildings. X
Policy 10: Provide adequate staff to supervise activities at public facilities. X
Policy 11: Develop civil defense plans and programs to protect and promote X
public health, safety and welfare of the people.
Policy 12: Provide educational materials on civil defense preparedness, fire X
protection, traffic hazards and other unsafe conditions.
Health And Education
Objective A: To protect the health of the people of Oahu.
Policy 1: Encourage the provision of health-care facilities that are accessible to X
both employment and residential centers.
Policy 2: Encourage prompt and adequate ambulance and first-aid services in all X
areas of Oahu.
Policy 3: Coordinate City and County health codes and other regulations with X
State and Federal health codes to facilitate the enforcement of air-, water-, and
noise-pollution controls.
Objective B: To provide a wide range of educational opportunities for the people of Oahu.
Policy 1: Support education programs that encourage the development of X
employable skills.
Policy 2: Encourage the provision of informal educational programs for people of X
all age groups.
Policy 3: Encourage the after-hours use of school buildings, grounds, and X
facilities.
Policy 4: Encourage the construction of school facilities that are designed for X
flexibility and high levels of use.
Policy 5: Facilitate the appropriate location of learning institutions from the X
preschool through the university levels.
Objective C: To make Honolulu the center of higher education in the Pacific.
Policy 1: Encourage continuing improvement in the quality of higher education in X
Hawaii.
Policy 2: Encourage the development of diverse opportunities in higher X
education.
Policy 3: Encourage research institutions to establish branches on Oahu. X
Culture And Recreation
Objective A: To foster the multiethnic culture of Hawaii.
Policy 1: Encourage the preservation and enhancement of Hawaii’s diverse X
cultures.

54 Appendix J

(continued)
Policy 2: Encourage greater public awareness, understanding, and appreciation X
of cultural heritage and contributions to Hawaii made by the City’s various ethnic
groups.
Policy 3: Encourage opportunities for better interaction among people with X
different ethnic, social, and cultural backgrounds.
Policy 4: Encourage the protection of the ethnic identities of the older X
communities of Oahu.
Objective B: To protect Oahu’s cultural, historic, architectural, and archaeological resources.
Policy 1: Encourage the restoration and preservation of early Hawaiian X
structures, artifacts, and landmarks.
Policy 2: Identify, and to the extent possible, preserve and restore buildings, X
sites, and areas of social, cultural, historic, architectural, and archaeological
significance.
Policy 3: Cooperate with the State and Federal governments in developing and X
implementing a comprehensive preservation program for social, cultural, historic,
architectural, and archaeological resources.
Policy 4: Promote the interpretive and educational use of cultural, historic, X
architectural, and archaeological sites, buildings, and artifacts.
Policy 5: Seek public and private funds, and public participation and support, to X
protect social, cultural, historic, architectural, and archaeological resources.
Policy 6: Provide incentives for the restoration, preservation, and maintenance of X
social, cultural, historic, architectural, and archaeological resources.
Objective C: To foster the visual and performing arts.
Policy 1: Encourage and support programs and activities for the visual and X
performing arts.
Policy 2: Encourage creative expression and access to the arts by all segments X
of the population.
Policy 3: Provide permanent art in appropriate City public buildings and places. X
Objective D: To provide a wide range of recreational facilities and services that are readily available to all
residents of Oahu.
Policy 1: Develop and maintain community-based parks to meet the needs of the X
different communities on Oahu.
Policy 2: Develop and maintain a system of regional parks and specialized X
recreation facilities.
Policy 3: Develop and maintain urban parks, squares, and beautification areas in X
high-density urban places.
Policy 4: Encourage public and private botanic and zoological parks on Oahu to X
foster an awareness and appreciation of the natural environment.
Policy 5: Encourage the State to develop and maintain a system of natural X
resource-based parks, such as beach, shoreline, and mountain parks.
Policy 6: Provide convenient access to all beaches and inland recreation areas. X
Policy 7: Provide for recreation programs which serve a broad spectrum of the X
population.


(continued)
Policy 8: Encourage ocean and water-oriented recreation activities that do not X
adversely impact on the natural environment.
Policy 9: Require all new developments to provide their residents with adequate X
recreation space.
Policy 10: Encourage the private provision of recreation and leisure-time facilities X
and services.
Policy 11: Encourage the after-hours, weekend, and summertime use of public X
schools facilities for recreation.
Policy 12: Provide for safe and secure use of public parks, beaches, and X
recreation facilities.
Policy 13: Encourage the safe use of Oahu’s ocean environments. X
Policy 14: Encourage the State and Federal governments to transfer excess and X
underutilized land to the City and County for public recreation use.
Government Operations And Fiscal Management
Objective A: To promote increased efficiency, effectiveness, and responsiveness in the provision of
government services by the City and County of Honolulu.
Policy 1: Maintain City and County government services at the level necessary to X
be effective.
Policy 2: Promote consolidation of State and City and County functions whenever X
more efficient and effective delivery of government programs and services can be
achieved.
Policy 3: Ensure that government attitudes, actions, and services are sensitive to X
community needs and concerns.
Policy 4: Prepare, maintain, and publicize policies and plans which are adequate X
to guide and coordinate City programs and regulatory responsibilities.
Objective B: To ensure fiscal integrity, responsibility, and efficiency by the City and County government
in carrying out its responsibilities.
Policy 1: Provide for a balanced budget. X
Policy 2: Allocate fiscal resources of the City and County to efficiently implement X
the policies of the General Plan and Development Plans.

2.2 ‘Ewa Development Plan
The ‘Ewa Development Plan was updated and officially adopted by the City
Council in August 1997 and is in the process of being updated. The plan
presents a vision for ‘Ewa’s future development and provides conceptual land
use plans that will serve as a policy guide for more detailed zoning maps and
regulations, as well as public and private sector investment decisions. Provisions
of the ‘Ewa Development Plan are discussed in Table 8.
Protected views and vistas, including mauka and makai views and views of
prominent landmarks in the study corridor, are identified in City development

56 Appendix J

plans, including the ‘Ewa Development Plan. The Project is consistent with land
use objectives included in this plan. The City’s general urban design principles
protect public views based on the type of view and are applicable to both public
streets and public and private structures. Some protected views and vistas will
change as a result of the Project, including public views along streets and
highways; mauka-makai view corridors; panoramic and significant land-mark
views from public places; views of natural features, heritage resources, and other
landmarks; and view corridors between significant landmarks. The guideway and
some stations will partially block mauka-makai public views from streets that
intersect with the alignment.
The Project will introduce a new linear visual element to the corridor and, as a
result, changes to some views will be unavoidable. Depending on the degree of
view obstruction or blockage, some changes in view will be significant. Viewers’
responses to these changes will vary with their exposure and sensitivity and
depend on the alignment orientation, guideway and station height, and height of
surrounding trees and buildings.
View changes will be less notable in wider vistas or panoramic views where
project elements are smaller components of the larger landscape. Generally,
project elements will not be dominant features in these views.
Protected views and vistas identified in the ‘Ewa Development Plan include views
of central Honolulu and Diamond Head from the ‘Ewa Plain; views of na pu’u at
Kapolei, Pālailai, and Makakilo; distant views of the shoreline from the H-1
Freeway above the ‘Ewa Plain; and views of the Wai‘anae Mountains from the
H-1 Freeway between Kuia Road and Kalo‘i Gulch and Kunia Road. Visual
effects to the identified protected views and vistas are summarized in Table 8.
Objectives and policies of the ‘Ewa Development Plan are summarized in
Table 9.

Table 8. Potential Visual Effects on Protected Views and Vistas—‘Ewa
Development Plan
Protected View Potential Visual Effect
Views of Central Honolulu and Diamond Head Project elements will not be dominant features in
from `’Ewa Plain these views—low visual effect
Views of Nā pu’u at Kapolei, Pālailai, and Mauka of study area—no visual effect
Makakilo
Distant views of the shoreline from the H-1 Project elements will not be dominant features in
Freeway above the `’Ewa Plain these views—low visual effect
Views of the Wai`anae Mountain Range from the Mauka of study area—no visual effect
H-1 Freeway between Kunia Road and Kalo’i
Gulch and from Kunia Road


Table 9. ‘Ewa Development Plan—Objectives and Policies
‘Ewa’s Role In O‘ahu’s Development Pattern
In support of the General Plan policies, the ‘Ewa Development Plan:
Provides a secondary employment center with its nucleus in the City of Kapolei to X
supplement the Primary Urban Center (PUC) and to divert commuter traffic from
the PUC;
Concentrates primary employment activities at industrial and resort areas and at X
government service and higher education centers around the City of Kapolei so
that secondary markets are created for office and retail activities;
Provides for significant residential development throughout ‘Ewa, consistent with X
the General Plan to meet the needs of O‘ahu’s citizens;
Provides for a variety of housing types from affordable units and starter homes to X
mid-size multi-family and single-family units;
Promotes diversified agriculture on prime agricultural lands along Kunia Road X
and surrounding the West Loch Naval Magazine in accordance with the General
Plan policy to support agricultural diversification in all agricultural areas on O‘ahu;
Provides a secondary resort area at West Beach (Ko ‘Olina); X
Helps relieve urban development pressures on rural and urban fringe X
Development Plan Areas (Waianae, North Shore, Ko’olau Loa, and Ko’olau Poko)
so as to preserve the “country” lifestyle of these areas; and
Provides, along with the PUC, a focus for directed and concentrated public and X
private infrastructure investment for growth.
The Vision For ‘Ewa’s Future
This vision for ‘Ewa has two horizons. The first is a 25-year horizon, extending X
from the present (1995) to the year 2020. This is the horizon that was used to
project likely socioeconomic change in ‘Ewa and to assess the infrastructure and
public facility needs that will have to be met over that period. The Vision to 2020.
By 2020, the ‘Ewa Development Plan Area will have experienced tremendous
growth, and will have made significant progress toward providing a Secondary
Urban Center for O’ahu. Population will have grown from 43,000 people in 1990
to almost 125,000. Nearly 28,000 new housing units will have been built in a
series of master planned communities. Job growth will be equally impressive,
rising from 17,000 jobs to over 64,000 in 2020. O‘ahu residents and visitors will
be attracted to ‘Ewa by a new university campus, the Ko ‘Olina resort, ocean and
waterfront activities at ‘Ewa Marina, a major super regional park, and a thriving
City of Kapolei which has retail and commercial establishments and private and
government offices. Beyond 2020. In the course of the Development Plan
revision, it became clear that there was value in looking beyond 2020 to identify
what ‘Ewa should look like when “fully” developed. Such a perspective helped
identify where open space should be preserved within the urbanized area, where
the rapid transit corridor should be located, and where to set the limits to
development in ‘Ewa for the foreseeable future. As such, this second horizon
might be called the built-out” horizon and is probably 40 or 50 years in the future.


Table 9. ‘Ewa Development Plan—Objectives and Policies (continued)
Land Use Policies, Principles, and Guidelines
Open Space Preservation and Development—General Polices
Open space will be used to:
a) Provide long range protection for diversified agriculture on lands outside the X
Urban Growth Boundary,
b) Protect scenic views and provide recreation, X
c) Define the boundaries of communities, X
d) Provide a fire safety buffer where developed areas border “wildlands” either in X
preservation areas within the Urban Growth Boundary or in the State
Conservation District, and
e) Create linkages between communities through a network of Greenways along X
transportation and utility corridors and drainageways.
Existing and Planned Residential Communities—General Policies
The following general policies may be applied to the expansion or renovation of existing residential
communities, as well as to new communities.
Overall Density. To achieve the desired compactness and character of X
development in planned residential communities, the housing density of the
aggregate area zoned for residential use (including the streets) should be in the
range of 10 to 15 units per acre. (This average does not include areas zoned for
commercial or industrial use.)
Higher Density Housing along the Transit Corridor. To promote use of mass X
transit, higher density residential use should be developed along a major rapid
transit corridor linking Kapolei with Waipahu and Primary Urban Center
communities to the east High Density Residential and Commercial uses should
be developed at six transit nodes, which would cover a one quarter mile radius
around major transit stops. Areas along the rapid transit corridor should have
housing densities of 25 units per acre, and greater densities are expected within
the transit nodes.
Physical Definition of Neighborhoods. The boundaries of neighborhoods should X
be made evident through the use of street patterns, landscape or natural
features, and building form and siting. The focus of neighborhood activity should
be on the local street or a common pedestrian right-of-way or recreation area.
Compatible Mix of Building Forms. There should be a variety of housing types X
and densities to avoid visual monotony and accommodate a variety of housing
needs, but without sharp contrasts between the exterior appearances of adjacent
housing areas.
Transit-Oriented Streets. Street patterns and rights-of-way should be designed to X
accommodate mass transit service and make it convenient to access for as many
households as possible.
Pedestrian and Bicycle Travel. Pedestrian and bicycle travel should be X
encouraged, particularly to reach neighborhood destinations such as schools,
parks and convenience stores.
Integration of Linear Corridors. Physical and visual connections between X
communities should be encouraged through the creative design of transportation
and utility corridors and drainage systems.


Provision of Community Facilities. Land should be provided for community X
facilities including churches, community centers, and elderly and child care
centers.
University of Hawai‘i West O‘ahu
The campus should evoke a unique sense of place that distinguishes it as an X
important civic and cultural institution in ‘Ewa. Project size is 2,800 students by
the end of construction (which is to begin no later than the end of December
2011) and 7,600 students by 2020. The projected 2020 faculty and staff are 800.
The campus should be oriented to support pedestrian access to and transit usage X
from a major transit node located on the North-South Road. The development of
the University of Hawai‘i West O‘ahu campus should include plans to provide
shuttle bus service to the transit node at the corner of Farrington Highway and the
proposed North-South Road. The campus should be designed so that open
space areas can be used for flood detention and retention as part of the Kalo’i
Gulch watershed master plan.
Public Facilities and Infrastructure Policies and Principles
Transportation Systems—General Policies
The following general transportation systems policies support the vision for development of ‘Ewa.
Adequate Access and Services. Before zoning approval is given for new X
residential and commercial development in ‘Ewa, the Department of
Transportation Services should either: (I) indicate that adequate transportation
access and services can be provided with existing facilities and systems, or (2)
recommend conditions that should be included as part of the zone change
approval in order to assure adequacy,
Transportation System Functions. To support ‘Ewa’s role as the site for the Secondary Urban Center
and a major growth area for new residential and employment development, its transportation system
should:
Provide adequate access between residences and jobs, shopping, and recreation X
centers in ‘Ewa as development occurs;
Provide improved access to and from adjacent areas, especially Central O‘ahu; X
and
Provide adequate capacity for major peak-hour commuting to work in the X
Primary Urban Center. (Although the share of residents who will both live and
work in ‘Ewa is projected to increase from 17% to 44% by 2020, a majority of
residents will still commute to jobs outside the region.)
Improved Linkages. Additional routes, as noted in Section 4.1.3 of this Plan, X
should be created between the various parts of the region, including to and
across BPNAS after it is returned to civilian control.
Reduction in Automobile Use. Reliance on the private passenger vehicle should be reduced by:
Provision of circulation systems with separated pedestrian and bicycle paths and X
convenient routes for public transit service,
Use of more traditional “grid” patterns for street systems in new development X
areas to facilitate bus routes and encourage pedestrian travel,

60 Appendix J

Provision of supporting facilities and amenities for pedestrian, bicycle, and public X
transit use. The use of bike trails, bicycle racks at commercial centers, bicycle
storage facilities at employment centers as well as bus shelters at bus stops will
be encouraged.
Acquisition of a dedicated rapid transit right-of-way prior to development, and X
support for high-density and high-traffic land uses along the rapid-transit corridor,
especially within a quarter-mile of centers of the transit nodes, subject to City
Council approval of any system.
Comprehensive Roadway Network. The roadway system should be designed to X
provide multiple routes for traveling among the various residential communities
and activity centers of ‘Ewa, thereby lending variety to travel within the region and
promoting communication among its communities. Network designs for
communities should take on more of a grid pattern, increasing intersections
between collector streets. The design should also increase connections between
parallel major collectors and arterials - e.g., between North-South Road and Fort
Weaver Road - rather than relying primarily upon loop roads to feed the major
roadways. Planning for East Kapolei and for the reuse of Barbers Point Naval Air
Station are important opportunities for creating such connections.
Land Use Planning Anticipating Rapid Transit. Key to the vision for ‘Ewa is X
reservation of a rapid transit corridor prior to development and the planning of
high-density and high-traffic land uses along the corridor. This strategy will
contribute to the feasibility of developing a high-speed transit line and will result in
a more mobile, less automobile-dependent community. Planning for all the
communities along the proposed transit corridor on Farrington Highway, North-
South Road, and Kapolei Parkway should reflect the desire to establish a rapid
transit corridor with high density residential and commercial nodes located at
regular intervals.
Transit-Oriented Community Street Systems. Circulation systems within X
residential communities and commercial centers should emphasize connections
between north-south and east-west streets and accessibility from residential
streets to bus routes, parks, schools and commercial centers. Circulation systems
should be designed to facilitate bicycle and pedestrian travel, to increase transit
use, and to reduce dependence on automobile travel.
Community-Level Street Standards. Standards for public streets within residential X
communities and commercial centers should be revised to support and improve
pedestrian and bicycle travel and on-street parking. While average motor vehicle
speed may be reduced, safety and enjoyment for pedestrians and bicyclists
would increase, and may result in greater efficiency in land use, reduced
constructions costs, and improved street function.

2.3 Central O‘ahu Sustainable Communities Plan
The Central O‘ahu Sustainable Communities Plan is the vision document for the
area of Central O‘ahu that includes the protection of agricultural and preservation
areas, revitalization of Waipahu and Wahiawa, and continued development of
master planned communities in Mililani, Royal Kunia, Koa Ridge, and Waiawa.


plans, including the Central O‘ahu Sustainable Communities Plan. The Project is
consistent with land use objectives included in this plan. The City’s general urban
design principles protect public views based on the type of view and are
applicable to both public streets and public and private structures. Some
protected views and vistas will change as a result of the Project, including public
views along streets and highways; mauka-makai view corridors; panoramic and
significant landmark views from public places; views of natural features, heritage
resources, and other landmarks; and view corridors between significant land-
marks. The guideway and some stations will partially block mauka-makai public
views from streets that intersect with the alignment.
The Project will introduce a new elevated linear visual feature to the corridor and,
as a result, changes to some views will be unavoidable. Depending on the
degree of view obstruction or blockage, some view changes will be significant.
Viewers’ responses to these changes will vary with their exposure and sensitivity
and depend on the alignment orientation, guideway and station height, and
height of surrounding trees and buildings. View changes will be less notable in
wider vistas or panoramic views where project elements are smaller components
of the larger landscape. Generally project elements will not be dominant features
in these views.
Protected views and vistas identified in the Central O‘ahu Sustainable
Communities Plan include views of the Wai‘anae Mountains from the Waipahu
Cultural Garden; views of the O‘ahu Sugar Mill from Waipahu Depot Road; and
views of Pearl Harbor from Farrington Highway near Waipahu High School.
Visual effects to the identified protected views and vistas are summarized in
Table 10. Table 11 summarizes the objectives and policies of the Central O‘ahu
Sustainable Communities Plan.

Table 10. Potential Visual Effects on Protected Views and Vistas—Central O‘ahu
Sustainable Communities Plan
Views of the Wai‘anae Mountain Range from the Mauka of study area—no visual effect
Waipahu Cultural Garden
Views of the O‘ahu Sugar Mill from Waipahu Depot Mauka of study area—no visual effect
Road
Views of Pearl Harbor from Farrington Highway near Guideway columns will occasionally disrupt
Waipahu High School line of sight from highway—low visual effect

62 Appendix J

Table 11. Central O‘ahu Sustainable Communities Plan—Objectives and Policies
Central O‘ahu’s Role in O‘ahu’s Development Pattern
In support of the General Plan policies, the Central O‘ahu Sustainable Communities Plan:
Promotes diversified agriculture and pineapple on 10,350 acres of prime and X
unique agricultural lands along Kunia Road, north of Wahiawa, surrounding
Mililani, and on the Waipi’o Peninsula in accordance with the General Plan
policies to support agricultural diversification in all agricultural areas and to
encourage continuation of a viable pineapple industry;
Provides for the eventual development of up to 25,000 new homes in mater X
planned residential developments at Mililani Mauka, Koa Ridge Makai, Waiawa,
and Royal Kunia;
Provides for a variety of housing types from affordable units and starter homes to X
mid-size multi-family and single family units;
Provides new employment in existing commercial and industrial areas (including X
Mililani Technology Park), in new commercial areas designed to serve their
surrounding residential communities, and at a new medical park at Koa Ridge;
Identifies the infrastructure needed to meet the likely residential, commercial, and X
industrial development through 2025; and
Helps relieve urban development pressures on rural and urban fringe Sustainable X
Communities Plan Areas (Waianae, North Shore, Ko’olauloa, Ko’olau Poko, and
East Honolulu) so as to preserve the “country” lifestyle of the rural areas and
sustain the stable, low density residential character of the urban fringe areas.
The Vision for Central O‘ahu’s Future
This vision for ‘Ewa has two horizons. The first is a 25-year horizon, extending
from the present (2002) to the year 2025. This is the horizon that was used to
project likely socioeconomic change in Central O‘ahu and to assess the
infrastructure and public facility needs that will have to be met over that period.
The Vision to 2025. By 2025, the Central O‘ahu Sustainable Communities Plan
Area is expected to experience moderate growth as existing areas zoned for
residential development are built out. Significant job growth is also expected,
rising from almost 39,000 jobs in 2000 to over 65,000 in 2025 (almost 10% of
O‘ahu total projected). In the course of the Sustainable Communities Plan
revision, it became clear that there was value in looking beyond 2025 to identify
what Central O‘ahu should look like when "fully" developed. Such a perspective
helped identify where open space should be preserved within the urbanized area,
where the rapid transit corridor should be located, and where to set the limits to
development in Central O‘ahu . As such, this second horizon might be called the
"built-out" horizon and is probably 30 or 40 years in the future.
Land Use Policies, Principles, and Guidelines
Open Space Preservation and Development—General Polices
Open space will be used to:
a) Provide long range protection for diversified agriculture and pineapple on X
lands outside the Urban Community Boundary and for two agricultural areas
located inside the Urban Community Boundary (Pine Spur and Honbushin);
b) Protect scenic views and provide recreation, X
c) Define the boundaries of communities, X


(continued)
d) Provide a fire safety buffer where developed areas border “wildlands” X
either in preservation or agricultural areas;
e) Preserve natural gulches and ravines as drainageways and storm water X
retention areas, and
f) Create linkages between communities through a network of Greenways X
along transportation and utility corridors and drainageways.
Existing and Planned Residential Communities—General Policies
The following general policies may be applied to the expansion or renovation of existing residential
communities, as well as to new communities.
Overall Density. To achieve the desired compactness and character of X
development in planned residential communities, the housing density of the
aggregate area zoned for residential use (including the streets) should be in the
range of 10 to 15 units per acre. (This average does not include areas zoned for
commercial or industrial use.)
Higher Density Housing along the Waipahu-Kapolei Transit Corridor. To promote X
use of mass transit, higher density residential use should be developed along a
major rapid transit corridor linking Waipahu with Kapolei in the west and with
Primary Urban Center communities to the east. Medium Density Apartment
Commercial mixed uses should be developed at two transit nodes, which would
cover a one quarter mile radius around major transit stops. Areas along the rapid
transit corridor should have housing densities of 25 units per acre, and greater
densities are expected within the transit nodes.
Physical Definition of Neighborhoods. The boundaries of neighborhoods should X
be made evident through the use of street patterns, landscape or natural
features, and building form and siting. The focus of neighborhood activity should
be on the local street or a common pedestrian right-of-way or recreation area.
Where urban development abuts the H-2 Freeway, an open space/landscaped
buffer of sufficient size should be provided to preserve a view of green, minimize
the visual intrusiveness of the development, and reduce the noise and air quality
impact of the freeway traffic on the abutting development.
Compatible Mix of Building Forms. There should be a variety of housing types X
and densities to avoid visual monotony and accommodate a variety of housing
needs, but without sharp contrasts between the exterior appearances of adjacent
housing areas.
Transit-Oriented Streets. Street patterns and rights-of-way should be designed to X
accommodate mass transit service and make it convenient to access for as many
households as possible.
Pedestrian and Bicycle Travel. Pedestrian and bicycle travel should be X
encouraged, particularly to reach neighborhood destinations such as schools,
parks and convenience stores.
Integration of Linear Corridors. Physical and visual connections between X
communities should be encouraged through the creative design of transportation
and utility corridors and drainage systems.
Provision of Community Facilities. Land should be provided for community X
facilities including churches, community centers, and elderly and child care
centers.

64 Appendix J

(continued)
Public Facilities and Infrastructure Policies and Principles
Transportation Systems—General Policies
The following general transportation systems policies support the vision for development of Central
O‘ahu.
Adequate Access and Services. Before zoning approval are given for new X
residential and commercial development in Central O‘ahu , the Department of
Transportation Services and State Department of Transportation should: (I)
Report if adequate transportation access and services can be provided with
existing facilities and systems, and (II) If adequate capacity cannot be provided
by existing facilities, recommend conditions that should be included as part of the
zone change approval in order to assure adequacy, including the timing of any
necessary improvements.
Transportation System Functions. Central O‘ahu ’s transportation system should:
Provide adequate access between residences and jobs, shopping, and recreation X
centers in Central O‘ahu ;
Provide improved access to and from adjacent areas, especially the employment X
centers of the Secondary Urban Center in ‘Ewa, and
Provide adequate capacity for peak-hour commuting to work in the Primary Urban X
Center. (Although the share of residents who will be able to live in Central O‘ahu
and work in ‘Ewa or Central O‘ahu is projected to increase from by 2025, a
majority will continue to commute to jobs outside ‘Ewa and Central O‘ahu )
Reduction in Automobile Use. Reliance on the private passenger vehicle should be reduced by:
Provision of circulation systems with separated pedestrian and bicycle paths and X
convenient routes for public transit service;
Design of street systems in new development areas with layouts to facilitate bus X
routes and encourage pedestrian travel;
Provision of supporting facilities and amenities for pedestrian, bicycle, and public X
transit use (Bicycle racks at commercial centers, bicycle storage facilities at
employment centers, and bus shelters at bus stops will be encouraged);
Preservation of existing right-of-way and establishment of setback areas sufficient X
to permit future development of a dedicated transit right-of-way on Farrington
Highway; and
Support for medium-density and high-traffic land uses along the Farrington X
Highway transit corridor, especially within a quarter-mile of the transit nodes
Transportation Development Priorities. Project demand for peak-hour transportation in Central O‘ahu
should be met by:
Increased use of transit; and transportation demand management through: HOV X
facilities, park-and-ride facilities, and other programs which encourage reduced
use of the private automobile.
Transportation Systems—Planning Principles
Increased Arterial Capacity for Transit. Increases in arterial lanes should be X
oriented to HOV and mass transit. Exclusive lanes and park-and-ride facilities
should be developed to improve transit speed and to provide enhanced incentive
for commuters to opt for mass transit or HOV use.


(continued)
Land Use Anticipating Dedicated Transit Lanes on Farrington Highway. Land use planning for
Waipahu should emphasize and strengthen Farrington Highway’s role as a transit corridor by:
• Reserving adequate right-of-way and establishing setbacks to allow for X
establishment of a separate transit right-of-way; and
• Encouraging intensive residential and commercial uses around the two X
transit nodes and along the transit corridor.
Transit-Oriented Community Street Systems. Circulation systems within X
residential communities and commercial centers should emphasize accessibility
from residences to bus routes, parks, schools, and commercial centers.
Circulation systems should be designed to facilitate bicycle and pedestrian travel,
to increase transit use, and to reduce dependence on automobile travel.
Community-Level Street Standards. Standards for public streets within residential X
communities and commercial centers should be revised to support and improve
pedestrian and bicycle travel and on-street parking. While average motor vehicle
speed may be reduced, safety and enjoyability increased, and greater efficiency
in land use, reduced constructions costs, and improved street function may
occur.

2.4 Primary Urban Center Development Plan
The Primary Urban Center Development Plan presents a vision and clear set of
planning policies for the area extending from Kāhala to Pearl City across the
valley and coastline plains that characterize the island’s southern coastline. The
Plan is designed as a general framework intended to support more detailed
planning at the neighborhood level.
plans, including the Primary Urban Center Development Plan. The Project is
consistent with land use objectives included in this plan. The City’s general urban
design principles protect public views based on the type of view and are
applicable to both public streets and public and private structures. Some
protected views and vistas will change as a result of the Project, including public
views along streets and highways; mauka-makai view corridors; panoramic and
significant land-mark views from public places; views of natural features, heritage
resources, and other landmarks; and view corridors between significant
landmarks. The guideway and some stations will partially block mauka-makai
public views from streets that intersect with the alignment.
The Project will introduce a new elevated linear visual feature to the corridor and,
as a result, changes to some views will be unavoidable. Depending on the
degree of view obstruction or blockage, some view changes will be significant.
Viewers’ responses to these changes will vary with their exposure and sensitivity
and depend on the alignment orientation, guideway and station height, and

66 Appendix J

height of surrounding trees and buildings. View changes will be less notable in
wider vistas or panoramic views where project elements are smaller components
of the larger landscape. Generally project elements will not be dominant features
in these views.
Protected views and vistas identified in the Primary Urban Center Development
Plan include Waimano Home Road/Kamehameha Highway Intersection;
Ka‘ahumanu Street/Kamehameha Highway Intersection; Kaonohi
Street/Kamehameha Highway Intersection; Honomanu Street/Kamehameha
Highway Intersection; Bougainville Drive—mauka/makai; Maluna—mauka/makai;
Wanaka Street—mauka/makai; Ala Liliko‘i Street—mauka/makai; Bishop
Street—mauka/makai; Panoramic views—Punchbowl Lookout toward Diamond
Head; Panoramic views—Kaka‘ako Waterfront Park toward Punchbowl and the
Ko‘olau Mountain Range; Cooke Street—mauka/makai; Ward Avenue—
mauka/makai; Panoramic views—Kewalo Basin toward the Ko‘olau Mountain
Range and Punchbowl; Panoramic views—Ala Moana Beach Park toward the
Ko‘olau Mountain Range; Pi‘ikoi Street—mauka/makai; Ke‘eaumoku Street—
mauka/makai; ‘Āina Moana Park (Magic Island)—mauka/makai; and Panoramic
views—Ala Wai Canal Promenade toward the Ko‘olau Mountain Range.
Visual effects to the identified protected views and vistas are summarized in
Table 12. Objectives and policies of the Primary Urban Center Development Plan
are summarized in Table 13.

Center Development Plan
Waimano Home Guideway columns will block some views across the intersection,
Road/Kamehameha Highway and views of the horizon will be partially blocked, depending on
Intersection the viewer’s position and location—moderate visual effect
Ka`ahumanu Guideway and columns will obstruct views of the tree canopies in
Street/Kamehameha Highway Neal S. Blaisdell Park and substantially change makai views
Intersection toward the park—significant visual effect
Kaonohi Street/Kamehameha Guideway and columns will noticeably change views—moderate
Highway Intersection visual effect
Honomanu Street/Kamehameha Guideway and columns will noticeably change views, and views of
Highway Intersection the horizon will be partially blocked, depending on the viewer’s
position and location—moderate visual effect
Bougainville Drive—mauka/makai Mauka of study area—no visual effect
Maluna Street—mauka/makai Mauka of study area—no visual effect
Wanaka Street—mauka/makai Mauka of study area—no visual effect
Ala Liliko`i Street—mauka/makai Mauka of study area—no visual effect
Bishop Street—mauka/makai The guideway and columns will be dominant elements in mauka-
makai views, and views of the horizon will be partially blocked,
depending on the viewer’s position and location—variable
moderate to significant visual effect


Center Development Plan (continued)
Panoramic views—Punchbowl Mauka of study area—no visual effect
Lookout toward Diamond Head
Panoramic views—Kakaàko Makai of study area; the project setting includes mid- to high-rise
Waterfront Park toward buildings that already obstruct some panoramic views—no visual
Punchbowl and the Koòlau effect
Mountain Range
Cooke Street—mauka/makai The guideway and columns will be dominant elements in mauka-
Ward Avenue—mauka/makai The guideway and columns will be dominant elements in mauka-
Panoramic views—Kewalo Basin Makai of study area—no visual effect
toward the Koòlau Mountain
Range and Punchbowl
Panoramic views—Ala Moana Makai of study area; the project setting includes mid- to high-rise
Beach Park toward the Koòlau buildings that already obstruct some panoramic views—no visual
Mountain Range effect
Piìkoi Street—mauka/makai The guideway and columns will be dominant elements in mauka-
Keèaumoku Street— Koko Head of study area—no visual effect
mauka/makai
`’Āina Moana Park (Magic The Project will not be visible behind the Ala Moana Center—no
Island)—mauka/makai visual effect
Panoramic views—Ala Wai Canal Koko Head of study area—no visual effect
Promenade toward the Koòlau
Mountain Range

68 Appendix J

Table 13. Primary Urban Center Development Plan—Objectives and Policies
Land Use and Transportation
Protecting and Enhancing Natural, Cultural, and Scenic Resources—Policies
Establish and maintain an integrated open space network throughout the Primary Urban Center
comprised of the following elements:
Preserve historic and cultural sites. Preserve and protect sites that have high X
preservation value because of their good condition or unique features. Protection
includes planning and design of adjacent uses to avoid conflicts or abrupt
contrasts that detract from or destroy the physical integrity and historic or cultural
value of the site. Retain, whenever possible, significant vistas associated with
historic, natural and man-made features. Allow adaptive reuse of historic
buildings to serve a new function and/or enhance interpretive value without
destroying the historic value of a site.
Preserve and protect natural resource and constraint areas. Establish an Urban X
Community Boundary to define the area for urban development. Place large
contiguous areas of natural resource and constraint areas designated for
Preservation, including all lands within the State Conservation District, outside of
the Urban Community Boundary.
Preserve panoramic views of natural landmarks and the urban skyline. Preserve X
views of the Ko’olau and Waianae Mountain Ranges, Punchbowl, Diamond Head,
Pearl Harbor and other natural landmarks. Maintain important view corridors
within and across urban Honolulu and keep Downtown as the most prominent
feature of the urban skyline. Views along the Pearl Harbor shoreline and the
Pearl Harbor Historic Trail toward the mountains, shoreline, significant landmarks,
and adjacent communities should be created and maximized wherever possible
and appropriate.
Improve access to shoreline and mountain areas. Provide continuous lateral X
access along the Honolulu waterfront and around the East Loch of Pearl Harbor,
where urban activity is most intense. Maintain access to mountain hiking trails
and increase opportunities for nature education and camping.
Develop stream greenbelts. Develop and maintain parks and other outdoor public X
spaces in a manner that expends opportunities for both active and passive
reaction. Increase and enhance recreational open space in the most densely
settled parts of the PUC.
Provide parks and active recreation areas. Develop and maintain parks and other X
outdoor public spaces in a manner that expands opportunities for both active and
passive recreation. Increase and enhance recreational open space in the most
densely settled parts of the PUC.
Historic and Cultural Sites—Guidelines
Preserve the architectural character, landscape setting and visual context of X
historic landmarks through appropriate zoning standards and development
controls, as necessary, and public outreach programs such as design guidelines
for the maintenance, renovation or expansion of older dwellings.
Preserve and enhance the significant historic and aesthetic features of X
institutional campuses and campus clusters through zoning permit reviews for
campus expansions or modifications.


(continued)
Mauka Conservation Areas
Prevent development on properties with average slopes of 40 percent or more, X
and on lands with slopes of 20 percent or more where development of the site
would have a significant adverse visual impact when viewed from parks, major
public streets, and other public places.
Maintain public access points and hiking trails on the slopes of the Ko’olau Range X
in the areas beyond the Urban Community Boundary, and improve amenities for
hiking, camping and nature study.
In Preservation areas, avoid disturbance to native species and prevent the visual X
intrusion of structures, including utility and telecommunications installations, when
seen from below and from hiking trails.
Ensure access for traditional and customary practices and gathering rights, X
consistent with the provisions of the Constitution of the State of Hawaii.
Urban Skyline and Mauka-Makai Views
Maintain the visual prominence of important districts by allowing a greater height X
and massing of buildings, such as in the Downtown area.
Apart from Downtown and other central Honolulu locations, promote mid-rise or X
low-rise scale for new buildings.
Preserve the following panoramic views indicated below by establishing building X
height limits and setbacks that are based on viewplane analyses to determine the
sight lines and desired view dimensions and characteristics:
− From Ala Wai Canal Promenade toward the Ko’olau Range
− From Ala Moana Beach Park toward the Ko’olau Range
− From Kewalo Basin toward the Ko’olau Range and Punchbowl
− From Kaka’ako Waterfront Park toward Punchbowl and the Ko’olau Range
− From Punchbowl Lookout toward Diamond Head
Preserve and enhance significant mauka or makai view corridors along major X
collector streets through a combination of zoning controls and streetscape
improvements.
Increase line-of-sight opportunities towards Pearl Harbor – particularly the U.S.S. X
Missouri and the U.S.S. Arizona memorials.
Makai Access
Provide continuous lateral shoreline access for pedestrians extending from X
Diamond Head to Nu’uanu Stream, around Ke’ehi Lagoon, and from Neal S.
Blaisdell Park through Aiea Bay State Recreation Area.
− Construct walkways along the Waikiki and Kaka’ako-Honolulu waterfronts.
− Along the Pearl Harbor shoreline in Aiea and Pearl City, acquire privately
owned properties and the Navy-owned McGrew Point makai of the Pearl Harbor
bikeway for recreational use, and/or encourage complementary redevelopment
with incentives for higher zoning in return for view corridors, extra open space,
public amenities, and public access to the shoreline.

70 Appendix J

(continued)
Stream Greenways and Drainage
Establish riparian zones for all streams to prevent the encroachment of buildings X
and structures – other than those for drainage, flood control or recreational
purposes – and to establish and enforce policies for the protection and
enhancement of stream habitats and water quality.
Develop streamside pathways to improve access to recreation sites and natural X
areas and provide safe, convenient pedestrian routes between neighborhoods.
Stream segments to be considered for priority action include, but are not limited
to, the following:
− Aiea Stream: segment through former Aiea Sugar Mill site
− Ala Wai Canal: both banks, entire length
− Hālawa Stream: segment near Aloha Stadium
− Kalauao Stream: from Kamehameha Highway to Pearl Harbor’s East Loch
− Kalihi Stream: segment makai of H-1 Freeway
− Kapālama Stream: segment makai of Kuakini Street
− Makiki Stream: segment makai of Nehoa Street
− Mānoa/Pālolo Streams: from Mānoa Marketplace to Ala Wai Canal
− Moanalua Stream: segment near Moanalua Gardens
− Nu’uanu Stream: from Kuakini Street to Honolulu Harbor
− Nu’uanu Stream: from Kuakini Street mauka to Kapena Falls
In developing drainage and flood control, seek to limit stormwater velocity and X
reduce the transport of sediment and pollutants to coastal waters.
Parks and Recreation Open Spaces
Recognizing that it is difficult to acquire additional park land in the PUC, develop X
innovative approaches to make optimum use of existing parks and recreation
resources, such as:
− Building partnerships between City, State and private, nonprofit
organizations for joint use of facilities and complementary recreation
programs.
− Optimizing private sector contributions to open space through park
dedication as properties are redeveloped.
− Reassessing and reassigning, as appropriate, the use of existing parkland.
Promote linear connections in the recreational open space network by using X
existing public lands and rights-of-way, where possible.
Other Urban Open Spaces
Maintain significant trees and landscaped open space within institutional X
campuses, cemeteries and other open-space uses that are visible from public
right-of-ways.
Maintain significant trees and landscaped open space within institutional X
campuses, cemeteries and other open-space uses that are visible from public
right-of-ways.
Promote the development of plazas to fulfill park and open space requirements; X
provide floor area bonuses to encourage plazas in dense areas such as
Downtown.


(continued)
Neighborhood Planning and Improvement—General Polices
Cultivating livable neighborhoods demands a broad set of policies addressing an array of topics,
including the design of residential, commercial, and industrial development; the design of parks,
streets, and other public spaces; priorities for public investment; and planning at the neighborhood
level.
Neighborhood Planning
This set of policies can be applied to different types of neighborhoods and business districts,
including both lower-density and higher-density residential areas. Applications will differ according to
the particular character of the community.
Develop a system for collaborative neighborhood planning. Planning for X
neighborhood improvement must be undertaken at the neighborhood level.
Neighborhood planning is a collaborative enterprise involving residents, business
and property owners, government agencies, and others who have a stake in the
neighborhood.
Special Area Plans are intended to be developed in accordance with the overall
policy planning guidance of the PUC Development Plan and to elaborate on it at
the local level. Special Area Plans should respond to the specific issues of their
communities.
Cultivate existing and new “neighborhood centers.” Neighborhoods need central X
places where people gather for shopping, entertainment, and/or recreation.
Promote mixed land uses. Office, retail, and community service uses can coexist X
with residential uses; and there are a number of opportunities for them to support
each other..
Create parks that draw people and activity. The PUC should have a range of X
parks. While all provide open space and relief from buildings and traffic, some
should provide for organized sports and fitness activities, and others should
function more as neighborhood gathering places.
Make streets “pedestrian-friendly.” There are many opportunities to create street X
environments that invite pedestrian use, such as widening sidewalks, planting
trees to provide shade and buffer pedestrians from vehicular traffic, and
narrowing intersections to provide shorter and safer pedestrian crossings.
Make major streets which connect communities convey neighborhood identity. X
The identifying characteristics that give neighborhoods their unique visual
signatures or identities should be emphasized and conveyed by the streets that
connect them to other places. To help accomplish this, landscape and other
streetscape design for major streets which serve as principal routes connecting
two or more neighborhoods should reflect the unique identities of each
neighborhood and, where possible, should provide open spaces between them
which create significant public views or access to mauka or shoreline resources.
The Pacific’s Leading City—Policies
To be the Pacific’s leading city and to attract high-technology businesses as well as conventions and
visitors, the PUC needs to enhance those qualities that make it an attractive place to do business.
Following are policies for enhancing the PUC’s commercial centers while providing for moderate
growth and maintaining essential military, industrial and transportation functions.

72 Appendix J

(continued)
Honolulu and Pearl Harbor Waterfronts
Reconnecting the PUC’s main commercial centers to the Honolulu and Pearl Harbor waterfronts
would enhance livability, create new residential and commercial opportunities, and enliven the PUC.
The following policies have this common purpose:
Create public open space along the Pearl Harbor waterfront and strengthen the X
physical and visual connections between the urban center and the water. As
shown on the Open Space and Land Use Maps, the Development Plan calls for
converting lands along the East Loch shoreline to park use. Areas to be
converted include (a) McGrew Point, at such time as the Navy carries out plans to
decommission housing there; and (b) the area currently in industrial use makai of
Kamehameha Highway between Neal S. Blaisdell Park and Lipoa Place, which
the City could acquire through eminent domain. Where conversion to park use is
not feasible, encourage complementary redevelopment with incentives for higher
zoning in return for view corridors, extra open space, public amenities, and public
access to the shoreline.
Improve mauka-makai pedestrian and bicycle circulation across Kamehameha X
Highway. Developing physical access to the Pearl Harbor waterfront demands
substantial improvements to pedestrian and bicycle access across Kamehameha
Highway.
Redevelop the Downtown/Iwilei waterfront. Reroute through traffic to a new Sand X
Island parkway and harbor tunnel thoroughfare, and replace the makai portion of
Nimitz Highway with a new shoreline pedestrian promenade and mixed-use
commercial/recreational/residential complexes. Adopt appropriate measures to
enhance the attractiveness of the Nimitz corridor and public and private
responsibilities to implement and maintain such improvements. By creating a new
parkway across Sand Island and a tunnel beneath the Harbor entrance, Airport-
to-Waikiki traffic (and all other through-traffic not destined for the Iwilei/Downtown
area) will bypass this unsightly industrial section and significantly reduce the
traffic demand on Nimitz Highway through town. This will enable the ‘Ewa-bound
mauka section of the highway to be converted to a two-way local access street. It
will also allow the Waikiki-bound makai section to be converted to a major
shoreline promenade and waterfront activity area, providing space for
restaurants, shops, indoor and outdoor entertainment, and recreation areas. This
area would also hold potential for development of low- to mid-rise housing.
Visitor Facilities
The following policies are intended to guide the development of visitor facilities within the PUC:
Adopt and implement a plan for a vibrant and livable Waikiki. This plan needs to X
address the quality of the resident experience as well as the quality of the visitor
experience. Based on development parameters set by the Waikiki Special
District, the plan should encompass mobility, the quality of the street environment
for pedestrians, public spaces, the scale and design of new buildings, and
Waikiki’s relationship to the Convention Center and neighboring districts.
Support attractions that are of interest to both residents and visitors in the Ala X
Moana/Kaka‘ako/Downtown corridor. Opportunities include State-sponsored
waterfront commercial and cultural attractions around the Kewalo Basin area;
retail/entertainment facilities around Ala Moana Center, Victoria Ward Centers
and Kamehameha Schools properties; and improvements to serve visitors in the
Capitol District, Aloha Tower, and Chinatown.


(continued)
Provide opportunities for the development of visitor units in the Ala X
Moana/Kaka‘ako/Downtown corridor. Hotels serving the Convention Center
should be within a 5-minute walk (one-quarter mile) and located on commercially
zoned parcels along major thoroughfares. Those in the Downtown area should be
in the area zoned BMX-4 or the Aloha Tower complex.
Provide a transit link along the Ala Moana/Kaka‘ako/Downtown corridor. The City X
should assure that there is convenient transit service between visitor
accommodations and the visitor attractions along the corridor. Visitor-oriented
transit should utilize at-grade trolley types of vehicles and could be publicly or
privately operated.
Provide opportunities for the development of smaller-scale visitor X
accommodations (i.e., inns and lodges) in existing commercial centers. These
could serve resident and business needs (visiting family, friends and business
associates) as well as visitors looking for an alternative to the resort enclave.
Potential areas include Kapahulu, Kaimukī, the King/Beretania corridor,
Kapālama, Pearlridge, and Pearl City. Development of such facilities should
consider the community’s preferences and be integrated with the surrounding
neighborhood.
Allow Bed &Breakfast establishments (but not transient vacation units or TVUs) in X
residential neighborhoods. With adequate parking, community involvement, and
other regulatory controls, B&Bs provide a highly integrated, well-supervised, low-
impact form of visitor accommodation. For residents, operating a B&B is a viable
home occupation and a means to retain and reuse homes in older
neighborhoods.
Technology Businesses, Office Facilities
The following policies are intended to guide the development of office and related uses in the PUC:
Stimulate development of high technology and knowledge-based industries. Take X
advantage of Honolulu’s active urban ambience to attract high-technology
businesses. Use State lands in Kaka’ako for a campus dedicated to biomedical
research and other high-technology businesses. Encourage investment in
infrastructure in commercial buildings to accommodate and attract high-
technology and biotechnology businesses.
Encourage street-front retail. Office buildings should have retail stores, entrances, X
and windows fronting the principal street.
Provide usable open space. Zoning requirements and bonus provisions for open X
space associated with larger office buildings should specify design guidelines for
usable plazas, parks, and arcades. Key elements of usable open space are
enclosure, shade, seating, and location at street level.
Military, Airport, Harbor, and Industrial Areas
The following policies are intended to assure the long-term viability of military, transportation, and
industrial functions:
Support continuation of military uses. National defense objectives and budget X
priorities determine the military bases and functions located in the Primary Urban
Center and the state as a whole. The City should support long-range land use
planning by the military services and coordinate with them to achieve common
goals of employment, housing, and recreation.

74 Appendix J

(continued)
Integrate civilian and military residential communities. The City should work with X
the military services to link adjacent residential communities through the use of
connecting roadways, bikeways, walkways, landscape features, and/or
architectural scale and character.
Allow a mix of industrial and commercial uses. Allow a broader mix of commercial X
uses in the Airport and Bougainville industrial districts. The Airport district should
include office, hotel, and retail uses that are compatible with airport operations, as
well as existing light industrial uses. The Bougainville district should include uses
that support surrounding residential neighborhoods.
Enhance Honolulu Harbor and harbor-related uses. Reserve areas around X
Honolulu Harbor, particularly around Kapālama Basin and the Sand Island
container yards, for harbor-related uses.
Support industrial uses in Kalihi-Palama industrial districts. Commercial uses X
along the Nimitz, Dillingham, King, Kalihi, and Waiakamilo corridors should be
recognized and encouraged. In industrial districts where residential uses have
endured for many years – i.e., Kalihi Kai and Kapālama – such uses should be
allowed to continue, and should be rehabilitated and improved.
Promote compatibility with the surrounding urban and natural X
environment. Where industrial uses are mixed with or adjacent to residential
communities or natural areas, mitigate visual, noise, and other environmental
impacts by adopting performance standards.
Support development of adequate warehousing facilities to support increased X
economic activity. Encourage development and maintenance of warehouse
space of sufficient quality to prevent shortages and support growing businesses.
Aiea-Pearl City Town Centers
A separate set of policies is needed to address the problems of the shopping center-based urban
pattern in this region. Following are policies for stimulating the evolution of vibrant, people-oriented
town centers that provide a strong sense of community:
Define the role of town centers. Establish the “Pearlridge” area as the Pearl X
Harbor Regional Town Center, and strengthen the physical and visual connection
between this urban activity center and the Pearl Harbor waterfront. Other town
centers at Pearl City, Waimalu, Aiea, and Hālawa should serve as more localized
or specialized activity and service areas.
Promote mixed land use. Town centers should support some form of mixed land X
use to respond more flexibly to market needs and to reduce dependency on the
private automobile for local travel. The Pearl Harbor Regional Town Center
should be designated for a greater diversity of uses than the other town centers,
emphasizing an integration of medium- or higher-density residential and
commercial development. Land use designations and design standards should be
oriented toward assuring compatibility of building forms and uses, creating street
connections, and providing a smooth transition between town centers and
adjacent residential neighborhoods.


(continued)
Facilitate pedestrian, transit, and bicycle improvements. There should be major X
improvements to transportation facilities and services, with particular emphasis
on pedestrian, bicycle, and public transit modes along Kamehameha Highway,
and commuter travel on the H-1 Freeway and in the Aloha Stadium vicinity (see
Figure 3.17: Pedestrian Network Concept for Pearl Harbor). Design standards for
new development in the town centers –especially the Pearl Harbor Regional
Town Center – should encourage pedestrian and transit travel.
Develop a Balanced Transportation System—Policies
Implement land use strategies to achieve a balanced transportation system. To X
improve the quality of life in the Primary Urban Center and to accommodate
growth, development initiatives and regulatory controls should promote the
growth of sustainable and appropriate alternative urban travel modes such as
transit, walking, and bicycling.
Improve the public transit system, including development of a rapid transit X
component. Improvements to the transit system should be targeted to
accommodating trans-PUC travel and making neighborhood service more
convenient. A rapid transit component is needed to serve the high-volume east-
west corridor, connect activity centers, and provide transportation capacity in
place of increased roadways.
Implement Transportation Demand Management strategies. Due to limited land X
area and high costs, it is increasingly necessary to shift from increasing roadway
and parking capacity to policies and practices that reward use of transit and other
alternative modes.
Review existing plans and establish priorities for roads and road improvements. X
Conduct a comprehensive review of roads and designate Primary Urban Center
Development Plan 3-61 Land Use and Transportation those which should receive
priority treatment for transit, bike routes, and pedestrian routes, as well as the
principal arterial and collector network for automobile travel.
Implement the Honolulu Bicycle Master Plan. Institutionalize the policy that every X
street and highway on which bicycles are permitted to operate is a “bicycle
street”, designated and maintained to accommodate shared use by bicycles and
motor vehicles.
Enhance and improve pedestrian mobility. Create special pedestrian districts and X
corridors and a regional network of pedestrian facilities. Comprehensively
address pedestrian safety concerns related to vehicle speeding and excessive
volumes on local streets and neighborhood collector streets.
Encourage the full use of existing private and public parking garages. Encourage X
private parking garage owners to rent underused parking stalls within commercial
buildings and large-scale residential projects.
Guidelines
Identify and stimulate transit-oriented development on potential infill and X
redevelopment properties within the rapid transit corridor. Examples of
development stimulators include tax incentives, development code amendments,
and public infrastructure investments.

76 Appendix J

(continued)
Undertake a comprehensive review of the City’s street widening plans and
reevaluate the use of ROH Chapter 14, Article 21, on streets that the City does
not intend to commit funds for street widening. Eliminate travel-way widenings
that are not necessary, degrade neighborhood character, or are unlikely to be
achieved. In older, built-out neighborhoods, consider alternatives for improving
safety or pedestrian comfort, but do not involve substantial widening and
acquisition of land.
Implement the Honolulu Bicycle Master Plan’s three priority projects: (1) “Lei of X
Parks,” a shared-use path connecting the City’s major parks and open spaces;
(2) Bike Friendly Route No. 1, a continuous, cross town bicycle lane, connecting
to the Kalaniana’ole Highway Bikeway in the east and the Pearl Harbor Bike Path
in the west; and (3) a series of bicycle access improvements around the various
colleges and universities.
Establish pedestrian districts where walking is intended to be a primary mode of X
travel, such as within Downtown and Waikiki. Develop specific facility standards
for these districts; encourage midblock pathways or arcades; and implement
sidewalk improvements, such as widening, paving, and landscaping.
Work with residents and school organizations to improve pedestrian safety X
through planning and education efforts, including the development of traffic
management plans, construction of traffic calming devices, and the improvement
of neighborhood sidewalks and crosswalks.

2.5 Land Use Ordinance
Under Resolution 08-97 CD1, the Honolulu City Council added the Project to the
‘Ewa, Central O‘ahu Public and Primary Urban Center Public Infrastructure
Maps, including symbols for the rapid transit corridor, transit stations, corporation
yards, and park-and-ride facilities. As such, the Project is consistent with ROH
Chapter 4, Article 8, which requires that the addition of any major public facility
be shown on the appropriate public infrastructure map for a development plan
area before the Council may appropriate land acquisition or construction funds
for the modifications. In addition, the Project is consistent with the City and
County of Honolulu’s Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Ordinance and
neighborhood TOD plans.
The Project will be consistent with the City and County of Honolulu Land Use
Ordinance. The Project will be constructed almost entirely within existing rights-
of-way, and zoning does not regulate such uses. Where elements of the Project
will be outside any rights-of-way, the Project is considered a “public use and
structure,” which is permitted in any zoning district. Subdivision approvals and
zoning waivers will be obtained for parcels, as necessary.
Where applicable, the Project will comply with Article 9 of the Land Use
Ordinance regarding Flood Hazard District Regulations and Special Districts. The
Project will pass through several flood zones and flood-prone areas, as identified


on the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Flood Insurance Rate Map.
The Project will also pass through the Chinatown and Hawai‘i Capital Special
Design Districts and will comply with development controls in these areas.
A minor modification for a Plan Review Use permit will be obtained for Leeward
Community College (LCC). The Project is consistent with the LCC Master Plan
and will enhance transit access to the campus.

2.6 Special Management Area
Portions of the Project are within the Special Management Area (SMA) as
established by the City and County of Honolulu. As part of Hawai‘i’s CZM
Program, HRS Chapter 205A establishes special land use controls for
development within a relatively narrow zone along the coastline called a SMA.
Portions of the Project along Farrington Highway in Waipahu, near Leeward
Community College, along Kamehameha Highway between Waiau and Hālawa,
and within Ke‘ehi Lagoon Beach Park either lie within or are adjacent to the SMA.
The Project is consistent with the SMA guidelines (HRS Section 205A-26 and
ROH Section 25-3.2). A Major Special Management Area Use Permit (SMP) and
a Shoreline Management Permit and a Shoreline Setback Variance (SSV) will be
obtained from the City and County of Honolulu Department of Planning and
Permitting.
The following guidelines shall be used by the City Council or its designated
agency for the review of developments proposed in the SMA.

(a) All development in the special management area shall be subject to
reasonable terms and conditions set by the council to ensure that:

(1) Adequate public access, by dedication or other means, to and
along the publicly owned or used beaches, recreation areas and natural reserves
is provided to the extent consistent with sound conservation principles;
The Project will not adversely affect public access to and along publicly
owned or used beaches, recreation areas, and natural reserves.
Temporary modifications to access public recreation areas will be required
for public safety during construction; however, public access will be
maintained. Once constructed, the Project will increase mobility and
improve options to access public recreation areas, such as public beaches
and parks.

(2) Adequate and properly located public recreation areas and wildlife
preserves are reserved;
The Project will not affect access to public recreation areas. There are no
wildlife preserves in or adjacent to the SMA. DTS will continue to
coordinate with appropriate agencies during Final Design and construction
to ensure that the Project will not affect public recreation areas. The
Project will benefit recreation areas by providing additional mobility options

78 Appendix J

in and near the SMA. Several stations will provide access to recreation
areas within the SMA, including access to Ke‘ehi Lagoon Beach Park and
Pearl Harbor National Historic Landmark.

(3) Provisions are made for solid and liquid waste treatment,
disposition and management which will minimize adverse effects upon special
management area resources; and
DTS will ensure that proper containment, treatment, and disposal methods
for solid and liquid wastes will be followed during construction and
operation of the Project in accordance with Federal, State, and Local
regulations. There will be no adverse impacts to SMA resources.

(4) Alterations to existing land forms and vegetation; except crops, and
construction of structures shall cause minimum adverse effect to water resources
and scenic and recreational amenities and minimum danger of floods, wind
damage, wave damage, storm surge, landslides, erosion, sea level rise, siltation
or failure in the event of earthquake.
The Project will not have an adverse effect on water resources within the
SMA. During construction, temporary Best Management Practices (BMP)
for the management of stormwater will be designed, installed, and
maintained to reduce the potential for impacts to water resources from
erosion and other construction activities. Permanent BMPs also will be
designed and installed on all stormwater outfall structures associated with
the Project. The Project will avoid or minimize impacts on recreational and
scenic amenities where reasonable. The Project will not impact floodways,
cause wind damage, wave damage, storm surges, landslides, erosion of
coastal resources, sea level rise, or siltation. The Project is designed to
meet seismic standards and other natural hazards as applicable.

(b) No development shall be approved unless the council has first found that:

(1) The development will not have any significant adverse
environmental or ecological effect except as such adverse effect is minimized to
the extent practicable and clearly outweighed by public health and safety, or
compelling public interest. Such adverse effect shall include but not be limited to
the potential cumulative impact of individual developments, each one of which
taken in itself might not have a significant adverse effect and the elimination of
planning options;
There will be no significant adverse environmental or ecological effect
from the Project within the SMA. The Project design includes measures to
avoid and minimize impacts to the environment, and there will be no
significant cumulative impact from the Project within the SMA. The Final
EIS documents the impacts and mitigation measures that are anticipated
from construction and operation of the Project. The Project’s impacts are
outweighed by the Project’s benefit of providing additional mobility in the


study corridor, as well as improving corridor travel reliability, access, and
transportation equity. The Project is consistent with the objectives and
policies set forth in Section 25-3.1 and area guidelines contained in
HRS Section 205A-26;

(2) The development is consistent with the county general plan,
development plans and zoning. Such a finding of consistency does not preclude
concurrent processing where a development plan amendment or zone change
may also be required;
The Project is consistent with approved land use plans, policies, and
controls. As discussed above, this appendix was prepared to support the
land use consistency discussion included in Section 4.2 of the Final EIS.

(3) That the development has been adequately planned to minimize
the risk from coastal hazards such as tsunamis, hurricanes, wind, storm waves,
flooding, erosion, and sea level rise; and
The Project has been adequately planned and designed to the extent
practical to minimize the risk from coastal hazards and is not located in a
tsunami evacuation zone. The project design meets the applicable
standards and specifications regarding storm weather and construction in
floodplains. Temporary and permanent BMPs will minimize the risk to
coastal areas from erosion.
The Project will not impede public access to shoreline or beach areas and
will increase mobility and, thereby, improve access to shoreline and beach
areas.

(c) The council shall seek to minimize, where reasonable:

(1) Dredging, filling or otherwise altering any bay, estuary, salt marsh,
river mouth, slough or lagoon;
The Project will not require dredging, filling, or otherwise altering any bay,
estuary, salt marsh, river mouth, slough, or lagoon within the SMA other
than in Moanalua Stream.
Two guideway support columns will be constructed in Moanalua Stream
and will impact approximately 0.004 acre below the stream’s ordinary high
water mark. To avoid these impacts, different bridge types will be needed
to clear span the 300-foot-wide stream. This stream is wider than the
practical length limit for precast concrete girders (150 feet). Long spans to
cross this stream could add $5 million to total project costs. In addition
there are multiple bridge crossings of Moanalua Stream in this area,
including Kamehameha Highway, the H-1 Freeway, and Nimitz Highway.
The guideway columns will be aligned with the upstream viaduct piers, as
feasible, to minimize obstruction of stream flow. This area is tidal and near
the stream mouth at Ke‘ehi Lagoon. Placement of the piers is not

80 Appendix J

expected to have any consequences on the Moanalua estuarine
environment or its fauna.

(2) Any development which would reduce the size of any beach or
other area usable for public recreation;
The Project will not impact or reduce the size of any beach. The Project’s
effects on public recreation areas within the SMA include de minimis
impacts to Ke‘ehi Lagoon Beach Park and temporary impacts to the future
Middle Loch Park and the Pearl Harbor Bike Path near the preferred site
for the maintenance and storage facility near Leeward Community
College. The Project’s design includes measures to minimize impacts to
Ke‘ehi Lagoon Beach Park. The Project is located at the mauka edge of
the Park and will not impact the features and attributes of the park that are
important to its use as a recreational resource. Chapter 4 of the Final EIS
and the Section 4(f) Evaluation provide additional detail on coordination
with the Department of Parks and Recreation, measures to minimize
harm, and mitigation for these resources. DTS will continue coordination
with the appropriate agencies during Final Design and construction.

(3) Any development which would reduce or impose restrictions upon
public access to tidal and submerged lands, beaches, portions of rivers and
streams within the special management area and the mean high tide line where
there is no beach;
The Project will not reduce or impose restriction on public access to tidal
and submerged lands, beaches, portions of rivers and streams within the
SMA, and the mean high tide line where there is no beach.

(4) Any development which would substantially interfere with or detract
from the line of sight toward the sea from the state highway nearest the coast;
and
The City will minimize, where reasonable, portions of the Project that
would substantially interfere with or detract from the line of sight toward
the sea from the state highway nearest the coast. While the project
guideway and columns and associated structures (maintenance and
storage facility) will be prominent features in some areas within the SMA,
they will not substantially interfere with or detract from the line of sight
toward the sea from the state highway nearest the coast.


(5) Any development which would adversely affect water quality,
existing areas of open water free of visible structures, existing and potential
fisheries and fishing grounds, wildlife habitats, or potential or existing agricultural
uses of land.
The Project will not adversely affect water quality in the SMA as a result of
the implementation of BMPs to control stormwater runoff and erosion. The
Project also will not adversely affect existing areas of open water free of
visible structures, existing and potential fisheries and fishing grounds,
wildlife habitats, or potential or existing agricultural uses of land within
SMA.

82 Appendix J

Final EIS Appendix J

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Final EIS Appendix J