Application of GIS and RS in Watershed Management

By
Mr. Hole G.R. Guide
ME-I(Hydraulics) Prof.Khandekar S.
Roll No :

CONTENTS
 Problem Statement and Need
 Introduction to Watershed
 Watershed Development Approach
 Introduction to GIS
 Application of GIS
 Case Study
 Methedology
 Conclusion
 References

Problem Statement
 Increasing rate of degradation and depletion of resources.
 Deforestation, desertification, soil erosion, salinization, falling
water tables.
 Natural disasters: Drought (1/2 of the country is drought
prone), Floods(40 Mha), landslides, cyclone, locust attack etc.
 Depleting Water Resources
 Loss of productive Soil
 Reduced carrying capacity of streams

Need of Watershed Management
 For Scientific management of Land and Water Resources.
 To know the balance Between Availability and Needs.
 To Regular monitoring to assess the status of development.

Watershed
 It is a Hydrological Unit.
 It is a topographical delineated area drained by a stream system,
from which Runoff is Resulted from one point to other point when
precipitation is occurred.

Watershed Development Planning
 Watershed Development is Holistic Approach which links the
Upstream and Downstream area of watershed.
 Development is not confined just to agriculture lands but covers
entire catchment's area.
 Practical approach in planning, Consist of preservation,
conservation, development, management of natural
resources for the benefit of people.

Objectives and Benefits
 Objectives -
• Conservation of Soil and Water
• Improved ability of land to hold water
• Maintaining adequate vegetative cover for controlling soil erosion
• Rain water harvesting and ground water recharging.
 Benefits -
• Promotes economic and social development of community
• Employment generation and other income generation
• Ecological balance

What is GIS?
 GIS – Geographical Information System.
 GIS Serve as Toolbox, Database and Decision Support System
for any Organisation.
 Following are the Components of GIS:-

Working of GIS
 Following are the Working steps of GIS:
1. Data Capture (E.g. Satellite Image, Arial Photogrammetry)
2. Data Storage (E.g. in CD, Pen drives, Hard disk)
3. Data Manipulation as per Project Requirement ( Edit Data)
4. Data Analysis
5. Data Visualization ( Display outputs, Maps etc.)

Advantages of GIS
 Facilities faster process of operations
 Integrating information from multiple sources
 Provides solution for many real world problems
 Serves as a decision making tool
 Provides dynamic map display

Application of GIS in Various Fields
 In Disaster Management.
 In Agriculture Field.
 In Water Resource Management.
 In Defense
 For Different Surveying.
 In Metrological Department
 In Geological Department
 In Transportation Engineering

Application of GIS in Water Resource Management.
 To fix the Catchment Area Boundary.
 To make Delineation of Watershed.
 To Prepare DEM of Watershed.
 To Prepare Soil Map of Watershed.
 To Prepare Contour Map of Watershed.
 To Prepare Geological Map Watershed.
 To Study Different Hydrological Parameters like
a. Rainfall Characteristics
b. Runoff Volume.
c. Infiltration Indices.
 Catchments Characteristics
a. Shape Factor.
b. Form Factor etc.

Case Study: GIS Application in Watershed Management
 The study area is falls in the Khuldabad Taluka of Aurangabad
covered by Survey of India toposheet no. (46 P/4, 46 P/8, and
47M/1, 47 M /5) with scale of 1: 50,000.
 The Average annual rainfall of the area is about 796.13mm.
 The mean maximum and minimum temperatures recorded in the
area 43ºC and 13ºC respectively.

Scope of the Present Study
 In order to generate optimum utilization of existing natural
resources like land, vegetation and water in watershed.
 Assessment of economic activities through land use and
infrastructure of the watershed.
 Geo-scientific studies of the terrain, socioeconomic appraisal of the
stake holders.
 This is also used for monitoring of watershed development at later
years.
 For Better planning and Execution of Socioeconomic Projects

Objectives of Study
 The main objective of the present study is to generate information:
a. hydro geomorphology,
b. Drainage,
c. surface water bodies,
d. Transport network etc. using multi-temporal satellite data.
 Use collected data and perform analysis to prepare Development
Plan to Conserve Natural Resources like Land, Water etc.

Methodology of Study
1. Collection of Satellite Data
2. Collection of Topographical Data
3. Preparation of Base Map
4. preparation of Topographical Maps, Drainage Map
5. Prepare Contour Map
6. Prepare DEM
7. Prepare Slope Map, Flow Map
8. Preliminary pre-field interpretation of Hydro
Geomorphology from Satellite
9. Ground truth data collection, Verification of doubtful areas
and correction.
10. Recommendation of land & water Resources development
plan.

Conclusion
 Khultabad watershed with gentle slopes tending towards
south direction and elevations of 600 to 840 m above
mean sea level is drained by numerous streamlets.
 The study it is recommended that water harvesting should
be given importance to avoid the wastage of rainwater
from the watershed.
 This will also increase the groundwater recharge besides
providing supplementary irrigation during Rabi season.

References
 Watershed Planning and Development Plan by Using Rs and
GIS of Khultabad Taluka of Aurangabad District Vinayak N.
Mangrule1 and Umesh J. Kahalekar 2
 A. Kabir et al. (26 October, 2010)Application of a geographical
information system (GIS) based hydrological model for flow
prediction in Gorganrood river basin, Iran.

Application of GIS and RS in Watershed Management

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