Asnt codes and its overview
- 1. ASNT codes and its overview Darshit Desai 19MMM003
- 2. • Most countries have one or more organizations (standards bodies) that develop and publish technical industrial standards. Some don't, and those usually reference existing codes and standards for their manufacturing, fabrication and construction projects. • In the United States, these standards bodies are usually independent organizations from private industry, but in many countries they are government agencies. • In mechanical there are ASHRAE , ASME, ASTM & AWS standard bodies.
- 3. American Society for Nondestructive Testing(ASNT) • The American Society for Nondestructive Testing is a member-based, non-profit professional society that provides NDT-related reference materials, technical conferences and certification documents. • ASNT does not publish standards that describe how to perform NDT tasks. • Those are published by ASTM International and are discuss.
- 4. ASTM International • ASTM International (formerly the American Society for Testing and Materials) is one of the largest voluntary standards development organizations in the world, providing technical standards for materials, products, systems and services. • Over 180 ASTM NDT standards are published in the ASTM Annual Book of Standards, Volume 03.03, Nondestructive Testing. • ASTM defines three of their document categories as follows: 1. GUIDE 2. PRACTICE 3. TEST METHOD
- 5. 1. GUIDE is a compendium of information or series of options that does not recommend a specific course of action. A guide increases the awareness of information and approaches in a given subject area. 2. PRACTICE is a definitive set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations or functions that does not produce a test result. Examples of practices include, but are not limited to: application, assessment, cleaning, collection, decontamination, inspection, installation, preparation, sampling, screening and training. 3. TEST METHOD is a definitive procedure that produces a test result. Examples of test methods include, but are not limited to: identification, measurement and evaluation of one or more qualities, characteristics or properties.
- 6. Commonly used ASTM NDT standards • ASTM E709 : Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing • ASTM E1444 : Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing • ASTM E165 : Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry • ASTM E1417 : Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing • ASTM E1208 : Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing using the Lipophilic Post- Emulsifiable Process • ASTM E1209 : Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing using the Water- Washable Process • ASTM E1210 : Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing using the Hydrophilic Post- Emulsifiable Process
- 7. • ASTM E2375 : Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Wrought Products • ASTM E94 : Guide for Radiographic Examination • ASTM E1742 : Practice for Radiographic Examination • ASTM E1000 : Guide for Radioscopy • ASTM E1030 : Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings • ASTM E1032 : Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Weldments • ASTM E999 : Guide for Controlling the Quality of Industrial Radiographic Film Processing • ASTM E1219 : Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing using the Solvent- Removable Process • ASTM E114 : Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-Beam Examination by the Contact Method
- 8. • ASTM E213 : Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and Tubing • ASTM E142 : Method for Controlling Quality of Radiographic Testing • ASTM E2007 : Standard Guide for Computed Radiography • ASTM E2738 : Standard Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE) for Computed Radiography (CR) Test methods • ASTM E268 : Electromagnetic testing • ASTM E426 : Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austenitic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys • ASTM E1962 : Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Surface Testing using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) Techniques • ASTM E164 : Standard Practice for Contact Ultrasonic Testing of Weldments • ASTM E1255 : Practice for Radioscopy
- 9. ASTM E709 • ASTM E709 code Procedure for Magnetic Particle Testing. • This procedure establishes the steps and details to be followed for the examination of ferromagnetic material, both structural and non- structural welds, drilling or production equipment, raw, semi-finished, and machined surfaces. • Continuous (active), true-continuous and residual techniques with the wet visible, wet fluorescent and dry particle applications are discussed in this procedure for the detection of surface breaking or near surface discontinuities in ferromagnetic materials.
- 10. • In code consist of 1. Inspection Equipment 2. Preparation 3. Procedure 4. Post Cleaning 5. Evaluation and Acceptance Criteria 6. Reporting
- 11. ASTM E165 • ASTM E165 is stand for a Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry • This test method covers procedures for penetrant examination of materials. They are nondestructive testing methods for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, laminations, through leaks, or lack of fusion and are applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance examination. • They can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous and nonferrous, and of nonmetallic materials such as glazed or fully densified ceramics, certain nonporous plastics, and glass.
- 12. • A liquid penetrant which may be a visible or a fluorescent material is applied evenly over the surface being examined and allowed to enter open discontinuities. After a suitable dwell time, the excess surface penetrant is removed. • A developer is applied to draw the entrapped penetrant out of the discontinuity and stain the developer. • The test surface is then examined to determine the presence or absence of indications. • Processing parameters, such as surface precleaning , penetration time and excess penetrant removal methods, are determined by the specific materials used, the nature of the part under examination (that is, size, shape, surface condition, alloy), and type of discontinuities expected.
- 13. ASTM E2375 • This practice establishes the minimum requirements for ultrasonic examination of wrought products. • This practice is applicable for examination of materials such as, wrought metals and wrought metal products having a thickness or cross section equal to 0.250 in. (6.35 mm) or greater. • This practice is intended primarily for the examination of wrought metals, forged, rolled, machined parts or components to an ultrasonic class most typically specified in the purchase order or other contract document. • There are areas in this practice that may require agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization.
- 14. ASTM E94 • Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination • This guide covers satisfactory X-ray and gamma-ray radiographic examination as applied to industrial radiographic film recording. • It includes statements about preferred practice without discussing the technical background which justifies the preference. • The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. • Within the present state of the radiographic art, this guide is generally applicable to available materials, processes, and techniques where industrial radiographic films are used as the recording media.
- 15. ASTM E1030 • This test method provides a uniform procedure for radiographic examination of metallic castings using radiographic film as the recording medium. • Due to the many complex geometries and part configurations inherent with cast products, it is necessary to recognize potential limitations associated with obtaining complete radiographic coverage on castings.
- 16. • The radiographic method is highly sensitive to volumetric discontinuities that displace a detectable volume of cast material. • Discontinuities that do not displace an appreciable volume of material, however, such as cracks or other planar-type indications, may not be detected with radiography unless the radiation beam is coincidentally aligned with the planar orientation of the discontinuity. In view of this limitation, it may be considered appropriate to use the radiographic method • The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard
- 17. ASTM E1032 • Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Weldments Using Industrial X-Ray Film • This test method provides a uniform procedure for radiographic examination of weldments using industrial radiographic film. Requirements expressed in this method are intended to control the quality of the radiographic images and are not intended for controlling acceptability or quality of welds. • The values in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.
- 18. ASTM E1219 • Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing using the Solvent-Removable Process • This standard covers procedures for fluorescent penetrant examination utilizing the solvent-removable process. • It is a nondestructive testing method for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface, such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, laminations, isolated porosity, through leaks, or lack of fusion and is applicable to in- process, final, and maintenance examination. • It can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous and nonferrous, and of nonmetallic materials such as glazed or fully densified ceramics and certain nonporous plastics and glass.
- 19. ASTM E114 • Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-Beam Contact Testing • This standard covers ultrasonic examination of materials by the pulse- echo method using straight-beam longitudinal waves introduced by direct contact of the search unit with the material being examined. • Values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.
- 20. ASTM E213 • Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and Tubing • ASTM E213 covers a procedure for detecting discontinuities in metal pipe and tubing during a volumetric examination using ultrasonic methods. • Specific techniques of the ultrasonic method to which this practice applies include pulse-reflection techniques, both contact and non-contact , and angle beam immersion techniques, both conventional and phased array. • Artificial reflectors consisting of longitudinal, and, when specified by the using party or parties, transverse reference notches placed on the surfaces of a reference standard are employed as the primary means of standardizing the ultrasonic system. • The purpose of this practice is a procedure for detecting and locating significant discontinuities such as pits, voids, inclusions, cracks, splits, etc., by the ultrasonic pulse-reflection method.
- 21. ASTM E142 • Method for Controlling Quality of Radiographic Testing • This method covers the radiographic testing of materials for internal discontinuities, and also the use of film and other recording media. Requirements expressed in this method are intended to control the reliability or quality of the radiographic images, and are not intended for controlling the acceptability or quality of materials or products. • The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.
- 22. ASTM E2007 • Standard Guide for Computed Radiography • This guide provides general tutorial information regarding the fundamental and physical principles of computed radiography (CR), definitions and terminology required to understand the basic CR process. • An introduction to some of the limitations that are typically encountered during the establishment of techniques and basic image processing methods are also provided. This guide does not provide specific techniques or acceptance criteria for specific end-user inspection applications.
- 23. ASTM E2738 • Standard Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE) for Computed Radiography (CR) Test Methods. • This practice facilitates the interoperability of computed radiography (CR) imaging and data acquisition equipment by specifying image data transfer and archival storage methods in commonly accepted terms. • This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with Practice on Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE)
- 24. ASTM E426 • Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Titanium, Austenitic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys • This practice covers procedures for eddy current examination of seamless and welded tubular products made of relatively low conductivity materials such as titanium, stainless steel, and similar alloys, such as nickel alloys. Austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels, which are generally considered to be nonmagnetic, are specifically covered as distinguished from the martensitic and ferritic straight chromium stainless steels which are magnetic.
- 25. • This practice is intended as a guide for eddy current examination of both seamless and welded tubular products using either an encircling coil or a probe-coil technique. • This practice covers the examination of tubular products ranging in diameter from 0.125 to 5 in. (3.2 to 127.0 mm) and wall thicknesses from 0.005 to 0.250 in. (0.127 to 6.4 mm). • The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
- 26. ASTM E1962 • Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Surface Testing Using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) Technique. • This practice covers guidelines for utilizing EMAT techniques for detecting material discontinuities that are primarily open to the surface (for example, cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, laminations, through leaks, lack of fusion). • This technique can also be sensitive to flaws and discontinuities that are not surface-breaking, provided their proximity to the surface is less than or equal to the Rayleigh wave length.
- 27. • This practice covers procedures for the non-contact coupling of surface waves into a material via electromagnetic fields. • The procedures of this practice are applicable to any material in which acoustic waves can be introduced electromagnetically. This includes any material that is either electrically conductive or ferromagnetic, or both. • This practice does not provide standards for the evaluation of derived indications. Interpretation, classification, and ultimate evaluation of indications, albeit necessary, are beyond the scope of this practice. • Separate specifications or agreement will be necessary to define the type, size, location, and direction of indications considered acceptable or non-acceptable
- 28. ASTM E164 • Standard Practice for Contact Ultrasonic Testing of Weldments • This practice covers techniques for the ultrasonic A-scan examination of specific weld configurations joining wrought ferrous or aluminum alloy materials to detect weld discontinuities . • The reflection method using pulsed waves is specified. Manual techniques are described employing contact of the search unit through a couplant film or water column. • This practice utilizes angle beams or straight beams, or both, depending upon the specific weld configurations. Practices for special geometries such as fillet welds and spot welds are not included. • The practice is intended to be used on thicknesses of 0.250 to 8 in. (6.4 to 203 mm).
- 29. • The techniques for ultrasonic examination of welds described in this practice are intended to provide a means of weld examination for both internal and surface discontinuities within the weld and the heat-affected zone. • The practice is limited to the examination of specific weld geometries in wrought or forged material.
- 30. ASTM E1255 • Standard Practice for Radioscopy • This practice provides application details for radioscopic examination using penetrating radiation. • This includes dynamic radioscopy and for the purposes of this practice, radioscopy where there is no motion of the object during exposure (referred to as static radioscopic imaging) both using an analog component such as an electro-optic device or analog camera. • Since the techniques involved and the applications for radioscopic examination are diverse, this practice is not intended to be limiting or restrictive, but rather to address the general applications of the technology and thereby facilitate its use.
- 31. • This document is written specifically for use with X-ray and gamma- ray systems. • Other radioscopic systems, such as those employing neutrons, will involve equipment and application details unique to such systems. • As with conventional radiography, radioscopic examination is broadly applicable to any material or examination object through which a beam of penetrating radiation may be passed and detected including metals, plastics, ceramics, composites, and other nonmetallic materials.
- 32. ASTM E1444 • Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing • This practice establishes minimum requirements for magnetic particle testing used for the detection of surface or slightly subsurface discontinuities in ferromagnetic material. • The magnetic particle testing method is used to detect cracks, laps, seams, inclusions, and other discontinuities on or near the surface of ferromagnetic materials. • Magnetic particle testing may be applied to raw material, billets, finished and semi-finished materials, welds, and in-service parts. • Magnetic particle testing is not applicable to non-ferromagnetic metals and alloys such as austenitic stainless steels.
- 33. • Magnetic particle testing consists of magnetizing the area to be examined, applying suitably prepared magnetic particles while the area is magnetized, and subsequently interpreting and evaluating any resulting particle accumulations. • Maximum detectability occurs when the discontinuity is positioned on the surface and perpendicular to the magnetic flux.
- 34. ASTM E1417 • Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing • This practice establishes the minimum requirements for conducting liquid penetrant examination of nonporous metal, and nonmetal components. • The penetrant examination processes described in this practice are applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance (in-service) examinations. • These processes are applicable for the detection of discontinuities, such as lack of fusion, corrosion, cracks, laps, cold shuts, and porosity, that are open or connected to the surface of the component under examination.
- 35. • This practice is written so it can be specified on the engineering drawing, specification, or contract. • It is not a detailed how-to procedure to be used by the inspector and, therefore, must be supplemented by a detailed procedure that conforms to the requirements of this practice.
- 36. ASTM E1209 • Standard Practice for Fluorescent Liquid Penetrant Testing Using the Water- Washable Process • This practice covers procedures for water-washable fluorescent penetrant testing of materials. It is a nondestructive testing method for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, laminations, isolated porosity, through leaks, or lack of porosity and is applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance examination. • It can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous and nonferrous, and of nonmetallic materials such as glazed or fully densified ceramics and certain nonporous plastics and glass.
- 37. • Liquid penetrant testing methods indicate the presence, location, and, to a limited extent, the nature and magnitude of the detected discontinuities. • This method is normally used for production inspection of large volumes of parts or structures, where emphasis is on productivity. • The method enjoys a wide latitude in applicability when extensive and controlled conditions are available. • Multiple levels of sensitivity can be achieved by proper selection of materials and variations in process.
- 38. REFERENCES • https://www.asnt.org/MajorSiteSections/Standards/Codes_and_Stan dard_Bodies.aspx • https://www.asnt.org/MajorSiteSections/Standards.aspx • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E709.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E165.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E2375.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E1030.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E1032.htm
- 39. • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E1219.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E114.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E213.htm • https://www.astm.org/DATABASE.CART/WITHDRAWN/E142.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E2007.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E2738.htm • https://www.astm.org/DATABASE.CART/WITHDRAWN/E268.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E426.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E1417.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E1209.htm
- 40. • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E1962.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E164.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E1255.htm • https://www.astm.org/Standards/E1444.htm
- 41. THANK YOU