Basic electronics for technicians
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The document outlines a professional course in mobile phone repair offered by the Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology, detailing essential topics such as basic electronics components, their functions, and maintenance techniques. It also includes practical skills like testing components and using various tools, including soldering irons and multimeters, necessary for repairs. Furthermore, it explains fundamental concepts of electricity and essential components needed in electronics, alongside their respective functions.
Basic electronics for technicians
- 1. DAR ES SALAAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PROFFESSIONAL COURSE FOR MOBILE PHONE REPAIR
- 2. IDENTIFY ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, FUNCTIONS AND THEIR MAINTENANCES (a)Electricity basics (b)List basic electronic components (c)Draw symbols for basic electronic components (d)Explain the function (s) of resistors, Capacitor, Diode, Transistor, Inductor and Integrated Circuit (IC) (e)Test electronic components ( identify faulty and working components) (f)List electronic maintenance tools (g)Explain the function of cutter, strippers, pliers, soldering iron (gun), soldering wire, metre, screw driver, tweezers, knife, driller, blower, benzene, brush, lens , pin, etc. (h)Perform : cutting, stripping, soldering, measurement, screwing/unscrewing, blowing, cleaning, etc (i) Test electronic components ( identify faulty and working components)
- 3. • Electricity basics Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of electric charge. Electronics deals with electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies.
- 4. The flow of electron (Electric current)
- 5. Electric Potential A voltage is the difference in potential between two points in an electric field. Voltage gives us an idea of just how much pushing force an electric field has. A closed circuit of conductive material provides a path for electrons to continuously flow. Batteries have two terminals, which connect to the rest of the circuit. On one terminal there are an excess of negative charges, while all of the positive charges coalesce on the other. This is an electric potential difference just waiting to act!
- 6. Battery charges flow though the circuit
- 8. • The list of the basic electronics components Resistor
- 9. Capacitor
- 10. Diode
- 11. Transistor
- 12. Inductor
- 13. Loud speaker, Buzzer and Microphone
- 14. Transformer
- 15. Antenna
- 17. Fuse
- 18. • Symbols of Electronics Components Electrical Wire Switch Earth/ Ground
- 19. • Symbols of Electronics Components Resistor Capacitor
- 20. • Symbols of Electronics Components Inductor Power supply
- 21. • Symbols of Electronics Components Diode Transistor
- 22. • Symbols of Electronics Components
- 23. • Function of different Electronics component Resistor The function of resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages and bias active elements. Capacitor Capacitor is used to store charges. It is used for blocking direct current while allowing alternating current to pass, it smooth the output of power supplies, they tune radios to particular frequencies.
- 24. • Function of different Electronics component Diode allow an electric current to pass in one direction (called the diode's forward direction), while blocking it in the opposite direction (the reverse direction). diodes are used to regulate voltage (Zener diodes), to electronically tune radio and TV receivers (varactor diodes), to generate radio- frequency oscillations (tunnel diodes, Gunn diodes, IMPATT diodes), and to produce light (light- emitting diodes).
- 25. • Function of different Electronics component Transistor Transistor is used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power. Inductor Inductors are used to block AC while allowing DC to pass(chokes), electronic filters to separate signals of different frequencies, and in combination with capacitors to make tuned circuits, used to tune radio and TV receivers.
- 26. • Function of different Electronics component Loudspeaker produce sound from an electrical signal. Loudspeaker
- 27. • Function of different Electronics component Transfomer Transformer is used to step up a current or a voltage and viseversa. Antenna Antenna is a transducer which convert electromagnetic wave to electrical signal and viseversa.
- 28. • Function of different Electronics component Crystal Oscillator
- 29. • Identfying and Testing Electronics Components Resistors The electrical function of resistor is specified by its resistance which can be determined from the color strips bands around the resistor.
- 30. • Identfying and Testing Electronics Components Another parameter to identfy resistor is the Power Rating. The resistor power rating will determine the power dissipation of that resistor.
- 31. • Identfying and Testing Electronics Components Capacitor Electrolytic capacitor Electrolytic capacitor is identfied from its capacitance, which is directly labelled on the capacitor body. the voltage of the capacitor is also obtained from the capacitor body and the capacitor must not be connected to the circuit with voltage above the rated value of the capacitor.
- 32. • Identfying and Testing Electronics Components Ceramic capacitor Electrolytic capacitors are typically used in power supply applications for voltage filtering and Ceramic capacitors are often used for radio frequency and in some audio applications.
- 33. • Identfying and Testing Electronics Components
- 34. • Identfying and Testing Electronics Components Electrolytic capacitors are typically used in power supply applications for voltage filtering and Ceramic capacitors are often used for radio frequency and in some audio applications.
- 35. Mobile Phone Repairing Tools & Equipment | Tools to Repair Mobile Cell Phone Soldering Iron: Used to solder small components like capacitor, resistor, diode, transistor, regulator, speaker, microphone, display etc. .
- 36. Soldering Station: A soldering station has 2 units – a station and an iron. It has option to control temperature depending on the heat requirement of the soldering job being done. The soldering iron is attached with the soldering station. It is better and more convenient than traditional soldering iron. PCB Holder / PCB Stand: A PCB (Printed Circuit Board) holder or stand is used to old the PCB of a mobile phone while soldering or repairing. It holds the PCB very strongly and doesn’t allows it to move thus helping in repairing.
- 37. Solder Wire: Solder wire is used to solder electronic components, Ics, or jumper Thinner or PCB Cleaner: Thinner or PCB cleaner is used to clean the PCB of a mobile phone. The most common PCB cleaner used in mobile phone repairing is IPA or Isopropyl Alcohol Jumper Wire: This is a thin laminated or coated copper wire used to jumper from one point to another on the track of a mobile phone while repairing Blade Cutter: This is used to remove lamination from jumper wire Point Cutter: It is used for cutting
- 38. Nose Cutter: It is used for cutting. Precision Screwdriver: It is used to remove and tighten screws while assembling and dissembling a mobile phone Precision screwdrivers of sizes T4, T5, T6 and forehead are good for most mobile repairing job Tweezers: These are needed to hold electronic components, ICs, jumper wire etc while soldering and Desoldering. Brush: These are used for cleaning the PCB of a mobile phone while repairing
- 39. Multimeter: Used to find faults, check track and components Magnifying Lamp: It is used to see the magnified view of the PCB of a mobile phone Mobile Opener: These are used to open the housing or body of a mobile phone
- 40. DC Power Supply: Regulated DC (Direct Current) power supply is used to supply DC current to a mobile phone. Most repair person used DC power supply to switch ON a mobile phone without battery