Basic fundamentals component of Computer
- 1. INTHIS CHAPTERYOUWILL LEARN ABOUT:. Basic operations performed by all types of computer systems Basic organization of a computer system Input unit and its functions & Output unit and its functions Storage unit and its functions Types of storage used in a computer system
- 2. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Control Unit (CU) Central Processing Unit (CPU) Computer as a system
- 3. THE FIVE BASIC OPERATIONS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM :- Inputting- The process of entering data and instructions into the computer system Storing- Saving data and instructions to make them readily available for initial or additional processing whenever required Processing- Performing arithmetic operations (add, subtract, multiply, divide, etc.) or logical operations (comparisons like equal to, less than, greater than, etc.) on data to convert them into useful information
- 4. Outputting- The process of producing useful information or results for the user such as a printed report or visual display Controlling- Directing the manner and sequence in which all of the above operations are performed
- 5. SECONDARY STORAGE PRIMARY STORAGE CONTROL UNIT ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT INPUT UNIT OUTPUT UNIT PROGRAM & DATA INFORMATION & RESULT CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
- 6. An input unit of a computer system performs the following functions: 1. It accepts (or reads) instructions and data from outside world 2. 2. It converts these instructions and data in computer acceptable form 3. 3. It supplies the converted instructions and data to the computer system for further processing INPUT UNIT
- 7. OUTPUT UNIT An output unit of a computer system performs the following functions: 1. It accepts the results produced by the computer, which are in coded form and hence, cannot be easily understood by us 2. 2. It converts these coded results to human acceptable (readable) form 3. 3. It supplies the converted results to outside world
- 8. STORAGE UNIT The storage unit of a computer system holds (or stores) the following : 1. Data and instructions required for processing (received from input devices) 2. 2. Intermediate results of processing 3. 3. Final results of processing, before they are released to an output device
- 9. TWOTYPES OF STORAGE Primary storage Used to hold running program instructions § Used to hold data, intermediate results, and results of ongoing processing of job(s) Fast in operation Small Capacity Expensive Volatile (looses data on power dissipation)
- 10. Secondary storage Used to hold stored program instructions Used to hold data and information of stored jobs Slower than primary storage Large Capacity Lot cheaper that primary storage Retains data even without power
- 11. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Arithmetic Logic Unit of a computer system is the place where the actual executions of instructions takes place during processing operation Control Unit (CU) Control Unit of a computer system manages and coordinates the operations of all other components of the computer system
- 12. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) + Control Unit (CU) = Central Processing Unit (CPU) It is the brain of a computer system It is responsible for controlling the operations of all other units of a computer system CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
- 13. THANK YOU RG-DIPAK KUMAR KAR