2. INTRODUCTION TO STEREOTYPES:
• Stereotypes are generalized beliefs about the behaviors and attributes of
individuals from certain social groups
• Characteristics:
• Can be positive or negative.
• Often persistent despite contradictory evidence.
• Activated in specific situations
3. UNDERSTANDING PREJUDICE:
• Prejudice refers to unjustifiable negative attitudes toward individuals based
on their group membership
• Components of Prejudice:
• Emotional responses (e.g., fear, anger).
• Cognitive beliefs (based on stereotypes).
• Behavioral tendencies (leading to discrimination)
4. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STEREOTYPES AND PREJUDICE
• Stereotypes can lead to prejudice by reinforcing negative beliefs about a
group
• Prejudice often manifests as discrimination, which is negative behavior
towards out-group members
5. TYPES OF STEREOTYPES:
Gender Stereotypes
• Definition: Preconceived notions about the roles, behaviors, and
characteristics of men and women based on societal expectations.
• Example:
• Girls should play with dolls, and boys should play with cars.
6. TYPES OF STEREOTYPES:
Racial Stereotypes
• Oversimplified perceptions about people based on their racial or ethnic
background.
• Example:
• Believing that people from a specific ethnic group are prone to violence.
7. TYPES OF STEREOTYPES:
Age Stereotypes
• Preconceived notions about people based on their age.
• Example:
• Younger people are often seen as naive or incompetent.
8. TYPES OF STEREOTYPES:
Occupational Stereotypes
• Occupational stereotypes refer to preconceived notions about the
characteristics, abilities, or behaviors of individuals based on their profession or
job role.
• Example:
• Construction Workers are often stereotyped as unintelligent.
9. TYPES OF STEREOTYPES:
Nationality Stereotypes
• Stereotypes about people from different countries
• Example:
• People from France are often stereotyped as arrogant, while Americans are
seen as rude.
10. CAUSES OF STEREOTYPES:
• Social Learning:
Influences from family, peers, and media shape prejudicial attitudes
• Psychological Factors:
Identity and group dynamics can enhance bias, especially when groups feel
threatened
• Cultural Norms:
Societal values dictate which stereotypes are accepted or challenged
11. MANIFESTATIONS OF PREJUDICE
• Forms of Expression: Verbal insults or derogatory comments.
• Exclusion from social groups or activities.
• Institutional discrimination in policies and practices
12. REDUCING PREJUDICE
Strategies:
• Education and awareness programs to challenge stereotypes.
• Encouraging intergroup contact to foster understanding.
• Promoting empathy and perspective-taking among individuals
13. DISADVANTAGES OF STEREOTYPES
1. Inaccuracy:
Ignores individuality and leads to wrong assumptions.
2. Harm to Self-Image:
Can lead to stereotype threat and self-doubt.
3. Discrimination:
Basis for unfair treatment and exclusion.
14. DISADVANTAGES OF PREJUDICE:
1. Social Division:
Creates conflict and mistrust between groups.
2. Inequality:
Reinforces systemic discrimination.
3. Psychological Impact:
Causes stress, anxiety, and low self-esteem.
4. Economic Consequences:
Loss of opportunities for marginalized groups.
15. CONCLUSION
• Understanding stereotypes and prejudice is crucial for addressing social
issues.
• Awareness can lead to personal growth and societal change.
