Ben ce sound recording glossary version 2
- 1. Salford City College Eccles Sixth Form Centre BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games IG2 Task 1 1 Produce a glossary of terms specific to the methods and principles of sound design and production. Using a provided template, you must research and gather definitions specific to provided glossary terms. Any definitions must be referenced with the URL link of the website you have obtained the definition. You must also, where possible, provide specific details of how researched definitions relate to your own production practice. Name: Ben Comley Excell RESEARCHED DEFINITION (provide short internet researched definition and URL link) DESCRIBE THE RELEVANCE OF THE RESEARCHED TERM TO YOUR OWN PRODUCTION PRACTICE? SOUND DESIGN METHODOLOGY Foley Artistry "A soundeffects technique for synchronous effects or live effects" http://filmsound.org/foley/ This is a technique usedfor sound effects suchas live effects and synchronous effects. Sound Libraries a collectionof sounds storedon file (for example on CDs, DVDs, or as digital audiofiles) http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/sound-library This is where youstore all of your music and sounds. SOUND FILE FORMATS Uncompressed Uncompressedaudiofiles are the most accurate digitalrepresentation of a soundwave http://www.jiscdigitalmedia.ac.uk/guide/uncompressed-audio-file- formats This is just a digital versionof a soundwave. .wav Waveform AudioFile Format is a Microsoft and IBMaudiofile format standardfor storing an audio bitstream onPCs. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV This is where youcanstore audiodata which canonlybe usedon PCs. It is an output format whichcanbe usedin soundprograms. .aiff Stands for "Audio Interchange File Format." AIFFis a file format designedto store audiodata. http://techterms.com/definition/aiff This is where youcanstore all of your audiodata. .au Audio Units are a system-level plug-inarchitecture provided byCore Audio inMac OS XdevelopedbyApple Computer. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_Units These are a set of serviceswhich generate, process andreceive streams of audiosounds. .smp The file extension".smp" shows uponseveral different types of files usedfor verydifferent programs including audiofiles, images and email messages. http://www.ehow.com/info_12198596_file-smp.html When saving audio files, imagesand emails youneed to make sure you use the extension ‘smp’. Lossy Compression Lossyfile compressionresults inlost data andqualityfrom the original version. This is when the audiofile changes from the original and canlose quality.
- 2. Salford City College Eccles Sixth Form Centre BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games IG2 Task 1 2 http://techterms.com/definition/lossy .mp3 a means ofcompressing a soundsequence intoa verysmall file, to enable digital storage andtransmission. https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=what+does+.mp3+mean This is when youmake a large file smaller. E.g. Whenyou downloada song onto your mobile phone, you have to download the MP3 versioninorder for the file to fit. AUDIO LIMITATIONS Sound Processor Unit (SPU) The SPU is the unit responsible for allaural capabilities ofthe psx. It handles 24 voices, hasa 512kb soundbuffer, has ADSR envelope filters for each voice andlots ofother features. http://psx.rules.org/spu.txt Digital Sound Processor (DSP)/ Digital Signal Processor A Digital Signal Processor, or DSP, is a specializedmicroprocessor that has an architecture which is optimizedfor the fast operational needs of digital signalprocessing. http://www.futureelectronics.com/en/microprocessors/digital-signal- processors.aspx DSPneeds to be fast. Using thiswill enable it to speed upas it has a microprocessor. Random Access Memory (RAM) is a formof computer data storage. A random-accessmemorydevice allows data items to be readandwritten in roughlythe same amount of time regardless of the order inwhichdata items are accessed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory This is somewhere ona computer which stores data. Mono Audio Commonlycalledmonosound, mono, or non-stereosound, this early soundsystem useda single channel ofaudiofor soundoutput. www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/monophonic_sound.html This is the original audiowhere there was onlyone channel to listento the sound. Stereo Audio Stereophonic sound divides sounds acrosstwo channels (recorded on two separate sources) thenthe recordedsounds are mixedso that some elements are channeled to the left andothers to the right. http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/stereophonic_sound.html This has developedsince Mono audio. Stereo audionowhas twochannels to listen to the output ofsounds. Surround Sound a system of stereophonyinvolving three or more speakers surroundingthe listener soas to give a more realistic effect. https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=surround+sound+definition This is speakers indifferent places to make you feel as thoughyou are part of the film. It gives a better qualityof sound. Direct Audio (Pulse Code Modulation – PCM) The primarywayanalogue audiosignals are converted into digital form bytaking samplesof the waveforms from8 to 192 thousand times per second (8 to 192 kHz) andrecording each sample as a digital number from 8 to 24 bits long. http://www.yourdictionary.com/pcm This is a program which changes analogue audiosignalsandconverts them to digital. AUDIO RECORDING SYSTEMS Analogue Refers to recording audio in a format of continuous vibrations that are analogous to the original soundwaves. Before audio recording became digital, sounds were "carved" intovinyl records or writtento This is the oldwayto make audio. The music had to playedona recordplayer and the pinwouldpick upthe grooves
- 3. Salford City College Eccles Sixth Form Centre BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games IG2 Task 1 3 tape as magnetic waveforms. https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=analog+audio++definition on the record whichcontainthe audio. Digital Mini Disc A compact digital audio disc from Sonythat comesinread-onlyand rewritableversions. http://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/47064/minidisc This is a readonlysmall disc. Compact Disc (CD) a small plastic disc onwhich music or other digitalinformationis stored inthe form of a patternof metal-coatedpits from which it can be readusing laser light reflected off the disc. https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=compact+disc+++definition This is a rounddisc which contains audio. Digital Audio Tape (DAT) is a signal recording andplayback medium developedbySonyand introduced in1987. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Audio_Tape This is a plastic cassette whichhastwo reels offilm withinit. This film contains the audio. MIDI Pronouncedmiddy, anacronym for musical instrument digital interface, a standardadoptedbythe electronic music industryfor controllingdevices, suchas synthesizers andsoundcards, that emit music. http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/MIDI.html This means musicalinstrument digital interface. It is used to control devices such as soundcards andsynthesizers. Software Sequencers A music sequencer (or simplysequencer) is a device or application software that canrecord, edit, or playback music, byhandlingnote and performance informationinseveralforms, typicallyMIDI or CV/Gate, andpossiblyaudioandautomationdata for DAWs andplug- ins. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_sequencer This is used for recordingandediting audiosounds. This canalsobe usedto playback music. Software Plug-ins A plug-inis a (sometimes essential)piece of software code that enables an applicationor programto do something it couldn’t by itself. One of the more commonplug-ins is Adobe FlashPlayer. Without FlashPlayer you won’t, for example, be able to viewBBC News bulletins embeddedintoweb pages. http://www.bbc.co.uk/webwise/guides/about-plugins This is a program which allows you to download software such as Adobe flash player. This enablesyou to watch videos on your computer. MIDI Keyboard Instruments MIDI keyboards can be used for a varietyof functions including performance, composition and evenas a master control surface. http://www.gear4music.com/midi-keyboards.html This is a keyboard whichis used to make sounds andyou plug it intoyour computer to use it. AUDIO SAMPLING File Size Constraints - Bit-depth Bit depthis the number of bits used to carrythe data ineachsample of audio. The bit depthchosenfor recordinglimits the dynamic range of the recording. http://wiki.audacityteam.org/wiki/Bit_Depth This is what is usedto carrydata into sample audio. File Size Constraints - Sample Rate Frequencyof how manytimesaudiois measuredper second, usually measured in kilohertz (kHz);a usual number you might see is 44.1kHz. This is a wayof measuringsounds. It is usuallymeasured inkilohertz. This is
- 4. Salford City College Eccles Sixth Form Centre BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games IG2 Task 1 4 This is tied directlyto bit depthor the number of bits measured in each cycle http://superuser.com/questions/388382/what-does-the-sample-rate- and-sample-size-of-audio-means the qualityof how an audiosound is output.