Beyond OData introducing the xmla model for ui5 (Roland Bouwman)
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This document introduces using XML/A and MDX with SAP UI5 to enable aggregation of hierarchical cost data stored in HANA. XML/A allows executing MDX queries over HTTP, providing a solution for recursive aggregation challenges with OData. The model and bindings of UI5 can be extended to use an XML/A client library instead of OData, allowing OLAP of hierarchical data through standard UI5 databinding.
![The Alternative: MDX
• Multi-Dimensional Expressions
• OLAP (Online Analytical Processing)
• Designed for Aggregation
• Web Service Protocol
• XML/A: “XML for Analysis”
• Native HANA support
• Analytic Views
• CUBE Calculation Views
Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
SELECT {
[Measures].[Actual]
, [Measures].[Planned]
} ON COLUMNS
, Descendants(
{[Dim].[Hier].[Level].Members}
, 5
, SELF_AND_BEFORE
) ON ROWS
FROM [Cube]
WHERE {[Date].[Hier].[Month].[201811]}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beyondodata-introducingthexmlamodelforui5-181130123405/85/Beyond-OData-introducing-the-xmla-model-for-ui5-Roland-Bouwman-8-320.jpg)
![SELECT {
[Measures].[Actual]
, [Measures].[Planned]
} ON COLUMNS
, Descendants(
{[Dim].[Hier].[Level].Members}
, 5
, SELF_AND_BEFORE
) ON ROWS
FROM [Cube]
WHERE {[Date].[Hier].[Month].[201811]}
Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beyondodata-introducingthexmlamodelforui5-181130123405/85/Beyond-OData-introducing-the-xmla-model-for-ui5-Roland-Bouwman-9-320.jpg)
![WITH
MEMBER [Measures].[Actual YTD] AS
Aggregate(
Ytd({[Date].[Hier].CurrentMember})
, [Measures].[Actual]
)
MEMBER ...more calculated members...
SELECT ..
Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beyondodata-introducingthexmlamodelforui5-181130123405/85/Beyond-OData-introducing-the-xmla-model-for-ui5-Roland-Bouwman-12-320.jpg)
Beyond OData introducing the xmla model for ui5 (Roland Bouwman)
- 1. Beyond OData Introducing the XML/A model for UI5 Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com Roland Bouman Business Intelligence Consultant & Developer Just-BI.nl (Rijswijk) Twitter: @rolandbouman Blog: http://rpbouman.blogspot.nl
- 2. Requirement & Environment: Cost Reporting • Base Cost Measures: • Actual • Planned • Derived Metrics: • Delta: Planned – Actual • Relative: Delta / Planned * 100% • UI: • Dropdown filter for Time/Period • Drilldown tables with Bulletcharts • UI5 • Time: • Current Period (Month) • Year to Date • Hierarchical Breakdowns: • Cost Centers • Cost Elements • Lazy loading • Backend: • HANA 1.0 • Data from BW model • Front end: UI5 • OData (.xsodata) Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 4. Datamodel: BW on HANA 1.0 • Fact Table: • Amount • Cost type (planned or actual) • Keys to dimension tables • Dimension Tables • Calendar Dimension Table • Cost Center Table (Parent/Child) • Cost Element Table (Parent/Child) • Texts (Labels) Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 5. Cost Hierarchy Data Model • Hierarchies • Cost Element • Cost Center • Adjacency list: • Id column (primary key) • Parent Id column (foreign key to Id) • Recursion • Non-leaf nodes • Only access to direct children • Variable Depth (Ragged) • Leaf nodes • Corresponding Fact table Rows Dimension Table Id (primary key) Parent Id (foreign key) Fact Table Dimension Table Id (foreign key) Metrics (to be aggregated) Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 6. Challenge: Recursion & Aggregation with OData • Recursion • OData can handle Recursive relationships (navigation properties) • Think: Lazy loading / Tree-like navigation • Aggregation • HANA .xsodata can handle aggregation • Recursion & Aggregation: • Aggregation of fact rows of all descendants of any given non-leaf node • It needs to not be dead slow, too Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 7. Solutions for Recursive Aggregation? • All Client-side • Client caches hierarchy + data, client-side aggregation • Add a Service • Server-side logic (procedure, xsjs script) handles recursion & aggregation • HANA 1.0 has no recursive SQL constructs • Change the Data • Flatten parent/child hierarchy into a leveled hierarchy (ETL) • Each level becomes a column • Periodical batch ETL required (no realtime) Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 8. The Alternative: MDX • Multi-Dimensional Expressions • OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) • Designed for Aggregation • Web Service Protocol • XML/A: “XML for Analysis” • Native HANA support • Analytic Views • CUBE Calculation Views Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com SELECT { [Measures].[Actual] , [Measures].[Planned] } ON COLUMNS , Descendants( {[Dim].[Hier].[Level].Members} , 5 , SELF_AND_BEFORE ) ON ROWS FROM [Cube] WHERE {[Date].[Hier].[Month].[201811]}
- 9. SELECT { [Measures].[Actual] , [Measures].[Planned] } ON COLUMNS , Descendants( {[Dim].[Hier].[Level].Members} , 5 , SELF_AND_BEFORE ) ON ROWS FROM [Cube] WHERE {[Date].[Hier].[Month].[201811]} Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 10. Cube Calculation View Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 11. Dimension Calculation View with Hierarchies Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 12. WITH MEMBER [Measures].[Actual YTD] AS Aggregate( Ytd({[Date].[Hier].CurrentMember}) , [Measures].[Actual] ) MEMBER ...more calculated members... SELECT .. Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 13. Web Service Protocol: XML for Analysis (XML/A) • It’s just a Web Service Protocol • Http / Https • SOAP Protocol (POST) • XML used for request and response • What can it do? • For Building OLAP applications • Discover: Get metadata • Execute: run MDX Queries • HANA • XS Application • Empty .xsxmla file enables XML/A • Analytic view • CUBE Calculation view • Javascript Client Library • https://github.com/rpbouman/xmla4js • Interactive MDX Query tool • https://github.com/rpbouman/pash Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 14. XML/A: Discover and Execute • Discover: Metadata/Rowset • Catalogs (packages) • Cubes (Analytic and CUBE Calc views) • Dimensions (Attribute and DIMENSION Calc views) • Hierarchies • Levels (Attributes) • Members (Attribute Values) • Measures • Properties (Attribute Values, Builtins) • Execute: Queries/Dataset • SELECT • Axes • FROM • Cube (in HANA: a View) • WHERE • Special “slicer” axis • Not a predicate based filter ! • Calculated Members • Derived Measures • Named Sets • Custom groupings Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 15. Integration: UI5 Model and Bindings • Model: • Provides data access • Handles back-end requests • Factory for Binding objects • Web Service Protocol: • Normally, OData • Now, XML/A • Bindings • Glues components to Model • Typically created by the Model • Binding Types • Property • List • Tree Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 16. Practical Implementation • Override JSON Model + Bindings • XmlaModel JSONModel • XmlaDatasetListBinding JSONListBinding • XmlaDatasetPropertyBinding JSONPropertyBinding • XmlaDatasetTreeBinding JSONTreeBinding • XmlaRowsetListBinding JSONListBinding Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com
- 17. Summary • MDX Solves a couple of hard problems • Recursion/Aggregation problem • The YTD problem and many more advanced aggregations • XML/A lets you do MDX over HTTP • HANA Supports XML/A (and MDX) • Xmla4js is an Open Source XML/A Client in Javascript • Extend UI5 JSON model + bindings to use Xmla4js • Now you can do OLAP with any UI5 component through databinding Roland.Bouman@just-bi.nl – Roland.Bouman@gmail.com