Beyond Open: Culture and Scaling in the Making of Knowledge
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The document discusses the concept of 'open' culture in knowledge dissemination, highlighting that knowledge grows and is created by groups while also facing challenges in scaling. It emphasizes the importance of openness and collaboration in scientific inquiry, citing historical perspectives and the role of diversity in knowledge creation. Furthermore, it points out the limitations and considerations institutions face in maintaining a scholarly approach in an increasingly connected world.
![ESOTERIC
EXOTERIC
Ludwig Fleck (1981 [1935])
Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/180110-scalingknowledgeinkevictoria-180110202149/85/Beyond-Open-Culture-and-Scaling-in-the-Making-of-Knowledge-10-320.jpg)
![[ideas are as if] benevolently designed by
nature, when she made them, like fire,
expansible over all space, without
lessening their density in any point;
Thomas Jefferson](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/180110-scalingknowledgeinkevictoria-180110202149/85/Beyond-Open-Culture-and-Scaling-in-the-Making-of-Knowledge-49-320.jpg)
![“Of my being somewhat prolix […] I thought
it necessary to deliver things circumstantially,
that the Person I addressed them to might,
without mistake, and with as little trouble as
is possible, be able to repeat such unusual
Experiments”
Robert Boyle](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/180110-scalingknowledgeinkevictoria-180110202149/85/Beyond-Open-Culture-and-Scaling-in-the-Making-of-Knowledge-51-320.jpg)
![[I will answer Linus’ objections] partly,
because the Learned Author, whoever he be
having forborne provoking Language in his
Objections, allowes me in answering them to
comply with my Inclinations & Custom of
exercising Civility, even where I most dissent
in point of Judgement.”
Robert Boyle](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/180110-scalingknowledgeinkevictoria-180110202149/85/Beyond-Open-Culture-and-Scaling-in-the-Making-of-Knowledge-52-320.jpg)
![[I] speak so doubtingly, and use so often,
perhaps, it seems, it is not improbable,
and such other expressions, as argue a
diffidence of the truth of the opinions I
incline to, and that I should be so shy of
laying down principles
Robert Boyle](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/180110-scalingknowledgeinkevictoria-180110202149/85/Beyond-Open-Culture-and-Scaling-in-the-Making-of-Knowledge-53-320.jpg)
![“that not alone scientific readers, but those
of every class, [...] to approach the source
from whence this species of knowledge is
derived”
James Samuelson and William Crookes](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/180110-scalingknowledgeinkevictoria-180110202149/85/Beyond-Open-Culture-and-Scaling-in-the-Making-of-Knowledge-55-320.jpg)
![[They are]…precisely inventing through
the intermediary of instruments and the
artifice of the laboratory, the
displacement of points of view that is so
indispensable to public life.
Latour, Politics of Nature](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/180110-scalingknowledgeinkevictoria-180110202149/85/Beyond-Open-Culture-and-Scaling-in-the-Making-of-Knowledge-73-320.jpg)
Beyond Open: Culture and Scaling in the Making of Knowledge
- 1. Beyond “Open” Culture and Scaling in the Making of Knowledge @cameronneylon cn@cameronneylon.net http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-716X
- 3. As a concept…open is reactionary; it gains meaning largely through a consideration of what it is not. Tkacz (2012)
- 9. 2. Knowledge is made by groups
- 10. ESOTERIC EXOTERIC Ludwig Fleck (1981 [1935]) Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact
- 13. *
- 14. *
- 15. Knowledge is a product of translation
- 16. General knowledge is produced at the boundaries of group in contact/conflict
- 18. 2. Knowledge is made by groups
- 21. Groups do not scale…
- 31. …and yet it grows…
- 32. 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 10000000 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
- 33. Culture & institutions support scaling…
- 34. …but also have limits to scale
- 37. There will always be a next crisis…
- 40. IndustrialisationDistribution/Logistics Limitations 1950 1975 2000 What counts as scholarly? Peer Review
- 41. Many of the discussions of the future at CERN and the LHC era end with the question – “Yes, but how will we ever keep track of such a large project?”
- 42. Many of the discussions of the future at CERN and the LHC era end with the question – “Yes, but how will we ever keep track of such a large project?” https://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html
- 43. IndustrialisationDistribution/Logistics Limitations 1950 1975 2000 What counts as scholarly? Peer Review The Web ? Discoverability/Siloing Trust
- 44. 1955 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 IndustrialisationDistribution/Logistics Limitations 1950 1975 2000 What counts as scholarly? Peer Review The Web ? Discoverability/Siloing Trust
- 45. …and yet it grows…
- 46. 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 10000000 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 …and yet it grows…
- 47. “Open” is the engine of scaling
- 48. He who receives an idea from me, receives instruction himself without lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine, receives light without darkening me. Thomas Jefferson
- 49. [ideas are as if] benevolently designed by nature, when she made them, like fire, expansible over all space, without lessening their density in any point; Thomas Jefferson
- 50. . . . I dare speak confidently and positively of very few things, except of matters of fact. Robert Boyle
- 51. “Of my being somewhat prolix […] I thought it necessary to deliver things circumstantially, that the Person I addressed them to might, without mistake, and with as little trouble as is possible, be able to repeat such unusual Experiments” Robert Boyle
- 52. [I will answer Linus’ objections] partly, because the Learned Author, whoever he be having forborne provoking Language in his Objections, allowes me in answering them to comply with my Inclinations & Custom of exercising Civility, even where I most dissent in point of Judgement.” Robert Boyle
- 53. [I] speak so doubtingly, and use so often, perhaps, it seems, it is not improbable, and such other expressions, as argue a diffidence of the truth of the opinions I incline to, and that I should be so shy of laying down principles Robert Boyle
- 54. Universalism, Communalism, Organised Skepticism, Disinterestedness Merton
- 55. “that not alone scientific readers, but those of every class, [...] to approach the source from whence this species of knowledge is derived” James Samuelson and William Crookes
- 56. “…merely an amateur, a lover of truth, who was impelled by curiosity ” Grant Allen
- 57. “Science” is an old culture that has survived over a long period
- 58. (Gradual, limited, imperfect) openness is an old aspiration
- 59. *
- 60. Diversity is a first order principle for knowledge creation
- 62. Elinor Ostrom (1990) Governing the Commons
- 63. He who receives an idea from me, receives instruction himself without lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine, receives light without darkening me. Thomas Jefferson
- 64. Elinor Ostrom (1990) Governing the Commons
- 65. IndustrialisationDistribution/Logistics Limitations 1950 1975 2000 What counts as scholarly? Peer Review The Web ? Discoverability/Siloing Trust Opening Up
- 66. IndustrialisationDistribution/Logistics Limitations 1950 1975 2000 What counts as scholarly? Peer Review The Web ? Discoverability/Siloing Trust Opening Up Closing Down
- 67. IndustrialisationDistribution/Logistics Limitations 1950 1975 2000 What counts as scholarly? Peer Review The Web ? Discoverability/Siloing Trust Opening Up Closing Down Opening Up Closing Down
- 68. Institutions for Productive Conflict
- 69. Institutions for Productive Boundaries
- 70. Institutions for Productive Conflict
- 71. A culture of openness Latour, Politics of Nature
- 72. How can one take new beings into account if one cannot radically change the position of one’s gaze? Latour, Politics of Nature
- 73. [They are]…precisely inventing through the intermediary of instruments and the artifice of the laboratory, the displacement of points of view that is so indispensable to public life. Latour, Politics of Nature
- 74. How can one take new beings into account if one cannot radically change the position of one’s gaze? Latour, Politics of Nature