Biofloc farming (1)
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Biofloc fish farming is an economical aquaculture system that utilizes heterotrophic bacteria to control water quality. The bacteria feed on organic waste from fish excrement and break it down. This allows for high stocking densities with zero water exchange. India has significant potential for fisheries due to its long coastline and inland waters. Biofloc is beneficial as it reduces space, culture time, and production costs constraints compared to traditional aquaculture. It works by maintaining a high carbon to nitrogen ratio to promote bacterial growth, which the fish then consume. Aeration is needed to oxygenate the water and keep the biofloc suspended. Tilapia and shrimp are suitable species as they can digest and filter microbial
Biofloc farming (1)
- 1. BIOFLOC FISH FARMING Presented By:-Joynal Abedin
- 2. Abstract “Biofoc may be referred as a new economical way of culture system where proteinaceous feed are being feed to fishes and shellfishes formed from the harmful components of their excreta, viz;Nitrate,Nitrite and Ammonia.This is achieved by “Zero Water Exchange” with strong areation high density stocks can be cultured within, and for maximum outputs are observed when culture tanks are exposed to sun.”
- 3. The scenario THE COUNTRY HAS VAST POTENTIAL FOR FISHERIES IN VIEW OF OUR LONG COASTLINE OF ABOUT 8,118 KMS APART FROM THE INLAND WATER RESOURCES. DURING THE FINANCIAL YEAR 2016-17, INDIA HAS EXPORTED RS. 37870.90 CRORE WHICH IS ABOUT 0.92% OF THE NATIONAL GROSS VALUE ADDED (GVA) AND 5.23% TO THE AGRICULTURE GV A (2015-16). INDIA IS THE SECOND LARGEST PRODUCER OF FISH AND ALSO SECOND LARGEST PRODUCER OF FRESH WATER FISH IN THE WORLD. FISH PRODUCTION HAS INCREASED FROM 41.57 LAKH TONNES (24.47 LAKH TONNES FOR MARINE AND 17.10 LAKH TONNES FOR INLAND FISHERIES) IN 1991-92 TO 114.10 LAKH TONNES (36.41 LAKH TONNES FOR MARINE AND 77.69 LAKH TONNES FOR INLAND FISHERIES) IN 2016-17(PROVISIONAL). DURING THE FIRST TWO QUARTERS OF 2017-18 THE FISH PRODUCTION IS ESTIMATED AT 5.80 MILLION TONNES (P).
- 4. The solution But with growing population demand is also increasing day to day, and the major constrain faced now a days is with the space, culture period, and cost of production. That’s where biofloc comes into play as it is a boon for all the basic production problems with minimal constrains. It consist of developing microbial aggregates formed from carbon:nitrogen ratio (C:N) in water, with low or zero exchange and high oxygenation, diets with low crude protein content and external carbon source like molasse (sugar cane), rice bran, wheat bran, among others. With passage of time different benefits of biofloc culture system has been demonstrated and documented by different Authors some of our intrests are listed bellow
- 5. HOW?? •1. Demote water Exchange 2. Allow the Organic residue to settle •3. Blend and start Aerating •4. Allow the bacteria to grow •5 Bacteria check water quality. 6.Fishes feed on those bacteria 7.Feeds are Recycled.
- 6. Suitable culture species . Species such as shrimp and tilapia have physiological adaptations that allow them to consume biofloc and digest microbial protein, thereby taking advantage of biofloc as a food resource. Nearly all biofloc systems are used to grow shrimp, tilapia, or carps. Channel catfish and hybrid striped bass are examples of fish that are not good candidates for biofloc systems because they do not tolerate water with very high solids concentrations and do not have adaptations to filter solids from water. •Air breathing fishes like singhi, magur, padba, anabas, pangasius •Non air-breathing fishes like common carp, rohu, tilapia, milkfish •Shellfishes like vannamei and tiger shrimp
- 7. Floc
- 8. FEED We allow heterotrophic bacteria to grow in our culture system, which grow due the Accumulation of organic matters, which will eventually feed upon the organic matter present in the culture system. BASICALLY “C6H12O6 + 6O 2 6 CO2+ Energy”. But the bacteria are heterotrophic which means they are made up from protein therefore they would need nitrogen. They use chemical energy in organic substance of the culture system, consumes Oxygen(though some of the population is of anaerobic bacteria) Normally, there is enough nitrogen in ponds for new cell production. • BUT we can add carbon rich and protein poor material (carbo-hydrate, CHO), such as starch or cellulose (flour, molasses, cassawa etc. • Then, there is a need for nitrogen. • The way to do it: Keep C/N ratio higher than 10 • The bacteria now take the nitrogen from the water and control water quality
- 9. Aeration
- 11. Design
- 12. Starting •Goal: Develop the biofloc system. •In lined ponds, you start from almost zero. •Before stocking, add organic matter (old feed, molasses, etc.) Add N fertilizers, 0.5-2.5 mgN/l (5-25 kg/ha) INOCULUM? Often, just some soil from pond is enough (~50 kg/ha). If Commercial inuculum: Be careful Development of biofloc system •It may take a few weeks, depends on the biomass. •First algae develop. Transition, foam formation then it get brown. •Transition is fast with tilapia, longer with shrimp •Add carbon if TAN is above ~2 mg/l •Adding clay, wheat bran etc. serves as seeding for biofloc formation. •Best: Recycles water from good biofloc pond!!!!!!
- 13. Check Water Quality Parameter –Daily Check Feed Intake- Daily Check fish health- Daily Check Working Performance of aerator – Daily Check Fish Bio mass- Weekly Calculate FCR- Weekly
- 15. “Thank you” Everyone for your patience Listening